2019年高考英语 专题三 第二节 题型三.docx

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1、三、段尾设空题三、段尾设空题(2018全国)Before there was the written word，there was the language of dance.Dance expresses love and hate，joy and sorrow，life and death，and everything else in between.36 We dance from Florida to Alaska，from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings，birthdays，office parties and j

2、ust to fill the time.“I adore dancing， ” says Lester Bridges，the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.“I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.“Teaching dance is wonderful. 37 Its great to watch them.For many of them，its a way of meeting people and having

3、 a social life.”38 “I can tell you about one young couple， ” says Bridges.“Theyre learning to do traditional dances.They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 ”So，do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer，healthier？Andrea Hillier says， “Dance，like the pat

4、tern of a beating heart，is life.Even after all these years，I want to get better and better. 40 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.”ASo why do we dance?BDance in the US.is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors，come to America.DMy older students say it makes them feel young.EI keep

5、 practicing even when Im extremely tired.FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.GThey stayed up all night long singing and dancing.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。跳舞在美国很常见。本文分析了跳舞的好处，解释了人们学习舞蹈的原因，同时介绍了不同的人对舞蹈的热爱。36答案 B解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。空后的“We dance from Florida to Alaska，from north to south and sea to sea.We d

6、ance at weddings，birthdays，office parties and just to fill the time.”可知，在美国到处都有人跳舞，故 B 项符合语境。37答案 D解析 解本题可用词汇锁定法。D 项中的 them 指代 my older students。空后的两个 them 也指代 my older students。38答案 A解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。由本段中的“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，跳舞可以让原本情绪低落的他们变得开心，故 A 项

7、(那么我们为什么跳舞呢？)符合语境。39答案 F解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。由上句“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，他们跳完舞后，精神状态发生了很大的变化。故 F 项(舞蹈似乎完全改变了他们的情绪)符合语境。40答案 E解析 解本题可用关联逻辑法。由空后的“I find it hard to stop！”可知 E 项(我即使在极其疲惫的时候，也坚持练习)符合语境。一、题型解读段尾设空题常见题型有：(1)总结句：总结本段内容。(2)过渡句或细节句。二、解题技巧1总结句(1)找关键语句：

8、重点阅读空前一、二句，确定关键词。(2)确定信号词：在选项中查找表结果、结论、总结等的词语，如 therefore，thus，in short，to conclude 等。(3)注意转折关系：利用选项中表示转折或对比的关联词确定选项内容与前文是否对立。(4)注意并列关系：利用选项中含有并列关系的词，与前文相似句式或词汇复现等解题线索。例如：【真题感悟】中第 39 题就属于总结句，根据前句“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，他们的情绪彻底改变了，故选 F。2过渡句如果选项中找不出与前文之

9、间的关联，应考虑下一段开头句，看是否能与选项衔接。A(2018贵州黔东南州二模)Most students seem to have 1considerable “test anxiety” 1 If you do this，you will not be able to show what you are really able to accomplish.Here are some suggestions that you should consider.2 Waiting until the night before a test to start studying is likely

10、to 6spike your anxiety.Instead of waiting until the last minute，start studying as soon as a test is scheduled.With several days or even a week to prepare，youll feel more relaxed because you have plenty of time to learn the material.Organize your materials.Its important to gather all of your material

11、s，including your books，notes，and other studying tools before the big exam.Keeping them all in order and handy is a great way to make sure that you can reference and cross-reference them. 3 Review your notes each night.Reviewing your notes daily will help you to organize the material for yourself.Don

12、t expect that your understanding will come during the lecture. 4 You need to spend time thinking about the course outside of class.Get a good nights sleep before the exam.2Staying up too late studying the night before an exam is a bad idea，in general.If you do just one thing，this is it：get enough sl

13、eep the night before your exam.Sleep，particularly deep sleep，is 7critical for memory formation.Make it a practice to get a good nights rest after any 5intense day of learning and studying. 5 ADraw up a schedule.BLearning simply doesnt work that way.CLeave yourself plenty of time for studying.DMost s

14、tudents suffer mental illness when preparing for a test.EIt will help your brain to retain as much information as possible.FMany talk themselves out of doing well before they even have the exam.GThis will also make your life a lot easier when you get heavy into your studying.语篇解读 文章主要介绍了克服考试焦虑症的方法。1

15、答案 F解析 根据前句可知，大多数学生会有考试焦虑，后句说如果这样的话，可见前句还是说考试焦虑的问题，所以 F 项合适。很多学生在考试前心理暗示自己会做不好。如果是这样的话，你将不可能展示出自己真正能够做到的。2答案 C解析 此空为段落小标题。根据下文“Instead of waiting until the last minute，start studying as soon as a test is scheduled.”可知，此处建议平时要留出足够的时间学习。3答案 G解析 根据主题句“Organize your materials.”以及前文“Keeping them all in o

16、rder and handy is a great way to make sure that you can reference and cross-reference them.”可知，此处表示把一切物品准备好的好处，因此 G 项正确。4答案 B解析 根据前句“Dont expect that your understanding will come during the lecture.”可知，此处建议要经常复习，不要指望在听课中就能全部掌握，那样是不起效的。5答案 E解析 根据主题句“Get a good nights sleep before the exam.”和前句“Make i

17、t a practice to get a good nights rest after any intense day of learning and studying.”可知，此处是说考前睡好的作用。B(2018安徽马鞍山质监)Brush，ink，inkstone and paper are known as the Four Treasures of the Scholars Studio. 6 The brush pen was used as early as the seventh or sixth century BC.The holder is usually made of

18、bamboo.Different from the pen we use today，the tip of the brush pen is soft and big.7 The animal hair used is extremely important to the quality of the brush，but the material for the holder is relatively less important.The brush was used with ink，basically made from pine soot(松烟 )or lampblack and gl

19、ue with many other kinds of 3additives. 8 A writer then rubs the dry ink stick against an inkstone，a polished and often 4decorative piece of stone with a shallow bowl carved into one end.Water is added to the shallow bowl，while the writer moves the ink stick in a circular motion to form dark，liquid

20、ink. 9 Archaeological(考古学的) evidence shows paper was invented around the first century BC.People used materials such as raw hemp(生麻) and tree bark to produce paper. 10 By the third century paper was already widely used instead of traditional writing materials such as bamboo slips and silks.AIt is us

21、ually made of wolf，rabbit，or goat hair.BBrush pens were used to write and paint as well.CInk is kept as a solid，dry stick until ready for use.DIn the past，the scholar-official class used these treasures as tools of writing.ESince these materials were readily available，paper was inexpensive to produc

22、e.FSo some inkstones with fine decorations can fetch really high prices on the market.GWhen a desired blackness of ink is reached，the writer then uses the brush to lift the ink directly from the inkstone.语篇解读 笔、墨、纸、砚被称为中国的“文房四宝” ，是古代写作的工具。本文简单介绍了文房四宝是如何制作而成的。6答案 D解析 根据上文可知，笔、墨、纸、砚被称为“文房四宝” 。根据下文介绍的文

23、房四宝是如何制作而成的可知，本句起承上启下的作用，故 D 项(过去士大夫阶层把这些宝物作为写作的工具。)符合题意，故选 D 项。7答案 A解析 根据上句“Different from the pen we use today，the tip of the brush pen is soft and big.”及下句“The animal hair used is extremely important to the quality of the brush.”可知，毛笔是用动物的毛做的，分析选项可知本段中的“The animal hair”与 A 项中的“wolf，rabbit，or goat

24、 hair”相呼应，故选 A 项。8答案 C解析 根据此空前后内容可知，本空讲述毛笔用的墨是固体的，用时加水磨成。分析选项可知 C 项所说的和研墨有关，故选 C 项。9答案 G解析 根据上一句内容可知，墨水研成了之后，自然就是用毛笔直接浸入墨水中再写字。分析选项可知 G 项符合题意。10答案 E解析 本段是讲述纸的发明，只有 E 项与纸有关。再看空前的内容“人们使用原料如生麻和树皮造纸”可知，麻与树皮是现成的，所以这样造纸的成本很便宜。故 E 项符合题意。.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1He will stand to get a considerable pr

25、ofit through the speculations(投机活动) in lands.相当大的2I will make this computer work even if I have to stay up all night.熬夜，不睡觉3An additive is a substance which is added in small amounts to foods or other things in order to improve them or to make them last longer.添加剂4The curtains are for purely decorat

26、ive purposes and do not open or close.装饰的5The intense exams are over；its time for us to relax.紧张的(二)同义词语替换6The US dollar spiked to a three-month high.leapt/leaped(三)一词多义 7critical 批评的，批判的；重要的；危急的(1)He was a critic.What I discovered was his critical writings.批评的，批判的(2)What you eat and drink，from chil

27、dhood on，is critical to the amount of calcium in your bones.重要的(3)The German authorities are considering an airlift if the situation becomes critical.危急的.长难句理解1If you do this，you will not be able to show what you are really able to accomplish.句式分析 本句话为复合句，主句是 you will not be able to show what you ar

28、e really able to accomplish，里面含有宾语从句 what you are really able to accomplish；If you do this 为条件状语从句。精美译文 如果是这样的话，你将不可能展示出自己真正能够做到的。2The animal hair used is extremely important to the quality of the brush，but the material for the holder is relatively less important.句式分析 本句是并列句，由并列连词 but 连接。第一个简单句是主系表结

29、构，used 为过去分词作后置定语；第二个简单句也是主系表结构。精美译文 被用来做毛笔的动物的毛对于毛笔的质量是极其重要的，但是制作笔杆的材料相对来说不是很重要。专题强化练专题强化练(二十八二十八).七选五A(2018浙江金华名校统练)How Parents Can Help with Cyberbullying(网络欺凌)?43% of kids have been bullied online.One in four has had it happen more than once.70% of students report seeing frequent bullying online

30、.Many studies suggest that cyberbullying has become a serious problem worldwide and makes many kids suffer. 1 Let teachers know about the situation.Many schools have protocols(协议) for responding to cyberbullying.Before reporting the problem，let your children know what you want to do so that you can

31、make a plan that makes you both feel comfortable.Encourage your children not to respond to cyberbullying，because doing so just fuels the fire and makes the situation worse. 2 Instead，you should keep the threatening messages，pictures，and texts，which can be used as evidence for the bullys parents，scho

32、ol，or even the police.Limit your kids access to the Internet.Though hurtful，many kids who are bullied cant resist the temptation(诱惑) to check websites or phones to see if there are new messages.3 Many websites and smartphones include parental control options that allow parents to control kids online

33、 life.4 Follow your children on social media sites，but do not make comments or post anything on your childrens profile.Check their postings and be aware of what they do online.Teach them how to keep safe online.Encourage them to safeguard passwords.Tell them never to post address or whereabouts onli

34、ne. 5 And also tell them why its a bad idea to share it online.AKnow your kids online world.BBut that doesnt mean you can do nothing.CRemind your kids of the seriousness of cyberbullying.DMake sure your kids figure out what to do about it.ETalk to them about the importance of private information.FSo

35、 if you know how to deal with it，things will get much better.GKeep the computer in a public place and set limits on the use of cell phones.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了父母帮助孩子应对网络欺凌的几种方法。1答案 F解析 根据上文的“Many studies.makes many kids suffer.”和下文作者提出的几种父母帮助孩子应对网络欺凌的方法可知，空处应填一个承上启下的句子，故 F 项“所以如果你知道如何应对网络欺凌，事情将会好很多”符

36、合语境。2答案 B解析 根据上文的“Encourage your children not to respond to cyberbullying，because doing so just fuels the fire and makes the situation worse.”和下文的“Instead，you should keep the threatening messages，pictures，and texts，which can be used as evidence”可知，空处所填的句子既应承接上文，又应同下文构成转折，故B 项“但是那并不意味着你无计可施 ”符合语境。3答案

37、 G解析 根据本段的主旨句“Limit your kids access to the Internet.”以及空处上下文的内容可知，G 项“将电脑放在公共场所并限制手机的使用”符合语境。4答案 A解析 根据空处下文的内容可知，本段主要讲的是要了解孩子的网络世界，故 A 项符合语境。5答案 E解析 根据本段的主旨句“Teach them how to keep safe online.”和下文的“And also tell them why its a bad idea to share it online.”可知，E 项“告诉他们私人信息的重要性”符合语境。且“share it online

38、”中的“it”指的就是“private information” 。B(2018浙江联盟联考)Tolerance means tolerating or putting up with differences. 6 This concept means different things to different people，but it is when something is disagreeable that tolerance is expected，and in more politically correct cultures，demanded.7 A person might f

39、ully disagree with others on any issue，while at the same time respecting those with different opinions and treating them with dignity.Disagreement alone does not equal intolerance.One problem is the fact that this respect is sometimes one-sided.Those who disagree with a particular issue must respect

40、 the opinions of those who support it，but some supporters feel reasonable in labeling those who disagree with hateful terms，and vice versa. 8 When it comes to controversial issues，tolerance may also represent a “lets agree to disagree” attitude.It does not mean that a person has to accept actions or

41、 ideas that are against his or her values or beliefs. 9 When both parties have expressed their opinions，and it is obvious that neither is likely to change position，agreeing to disagree is often the ideal outcome.Some degree of tolerance is necessary in any civilized society. 10 It goes against human

42、 nature.Putting up with differences is a virtue that requires honest effort on the part of every person.It takes time to develop.AThere are many different ways to show tolerance.BTherefore，both parties should change opinions if necessary.CPeople on both sides of an issue must be tolerant of each oth

43、er.DIt means showing respect for the race，religion and opinions of other people.EIt is widely accepted that tolerance is a critical step towards a peaceful world.FBut it is not realistic to believe that all people can achieve it completely on every issue.GIt means that each person agrees to respect

44、the others right to his or her feelings on the matter.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是宽容以及表达宽容的三种方式。6答案 D解析 根据空前的“Tolerance means tolerating or putting up with differences.”及空后的“This concept means different things to different people”可知，空处也是在解释什么是宽容，故 D 项“它意味着对其他人的种族、宗教和观点表示尊重”符合语境。7答案 A解析 根据第二至四段的内容可知，文章的第二至

45、四段分别介绍了表达宽容的三种方式，空处总领这三个段落的内容，故 A 项“有许多不同的表达宽容的方式”符合语境。8答案 C解析 根据空前的“One problem is the fact that this respect is sometimes one-sided.”可知，这种尊重有时是单方面的，而宽容要求我们能够忍受差异，尊重他人，因此当问题或争论出现时，当事人双方应互相尊重。故 C 项“问题的当事人双方必须互相宽容”符合语境。9答案 G解析 根据空前的“It does not mean that a person has to accept actions or ideas that a

46、re against his or her values or beliefs.”可知，空处的内容与之存在转折关系，解释的应该是“lets agree to disagree”这种态度的相关内容，故 G 项“它意味着每个人都同意尊重对方对这件事的感受的权利”符合语境。10答案 F解析 根据空前的“Some degree of tolerance is necessary in any civilized society.”及空后的“It goes against human nature.”可知，空处所填内容与空前的内容存在转折关系，故 F 项“但是，相信所有人都能就每一件事完全做到宽容是不现

47、实的”符合语境。下文中的 It 指代的就是 F 项中的“all people can achieve it completely on every issue” 。.完形填空(2018河北保定高三上期末)Four years ago in church，I saw a child of my age.His 11 was pinned on the bulletin board，his dirty clothes barely covering his small， 12 body.He should not have had a 13 on his face，but there he had

48、，showing off his white teeth.I walked past his picture every day 14 him less and less.His pictures are also sent to us not to show what the child looks like but to 15 us that we are sponsoring him.We need to reflect because we are so 16 in our own misfortunes that we 17 that there are people worse o

49、ff than us.Our desires are insatiable(无法满足的) and we take for granted every 18 that we are blessed with.I looked at the childs picture today for the first time in a 19 time.His letter came every few months and I 20 them over never taking the time to 21 back.I was just too busy spending money going to movies with my friends.We cant just help others 22 and they need ou