2019年高考英语 专题三 第二节 二.pptx

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1、二、段中设空题,专题三第二节分类突破,真题感悟,名师点津,内容索引,随堂限时练,真题感悟,(2018浙江)Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience.Of course，you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood.The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself a

2、s a good neighbor should. 31,答案,解析,答案G.Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.,解析解本题可用关联逻辑法。通读全文可知，本文是“总分”结构。由第二段中的“.one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep.”以及第三段的Second可知，本题选G，也就是本文的主题句。,Perhaps one of the most important thin

3、gs you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat，clean，and in good repair. 32 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape，you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.,答案,解析,答案F.People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and invit

4、ing.,解析解本题可用词汇锁定法。该空格前面的neat，clean，in good repair以及空格后面的in great shape都与F项的fresh and inviting相吻合。,Second，take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously.When going for a walk，take along a small garbage bag. 33 This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.,答案E.Sh

5、ould you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car，pick it up.,解析解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格前提到，散步时随身带个小垃圾袋；空格后提到，这个小小的举动会让你的邻居知道你关心这个区域。因此此处要填E项“如果你碰到从路过的车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来”。,答案,解析,34 If a neighbor is going to be out of town，offer to collect mail and newspapers.If a neighbor suffers an illness，offer to do t

6、he grocery shopping.Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable，while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.,答案,解析,答案B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.,解析解本题可用词汇锁定法。由本段中的“you are there to help in any way”可知，选B项“一个好邻居也是一个在小的方面乐于助人的人”。

7、,35 By following the basic rules of respecting others，taking care of what belongs to you，and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general，you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.,答案C.Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.,解析解本题可用关

8、联逻辑法。空后的“respecting others，taking care of what belongs to you，taking pride in the appearance of neighborhood in general”都是一些体贴的行为，故C项符合语境。,答案,解析,A.In general，keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C.Being a good neighbor is

9、 more or less about considerate behavior.D.Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E.Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car，pick it up.F.People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G.Here are a few tips to h

10、elp you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.,语篇解读,语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个帮你迅速赢得新邻居欣赏的小技巧。本文为“总分”结构，从四个方面说明了如何做个好邻居。,名师点津,一、题型解读段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空前后的逻辑关系和行文逻辑及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文具体的事实、事例和说明。,二、解题技巧1.根据并列或递进关系解题并列或递进关系主要指行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有first(第

11、一)，second(第二)，third(第三)；firstly(第一，首先)，secondly(第二，其次)，thirdly(第三)；first(首先) ，next(其次)，then(那么，然后)；in the first place(第一，首先)，for another(其次)；to begin with(首先，第一)，to conclude(最后)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。,如果空格前后两句之间有also(也，而且)，further(进一步地，而且)，furthermore(而且，此外)，likewise(同样地，也)，similarl

12、y(相同地，类似地)，moreover(而且，此外)，in addition(另外)，whats more(更重要的是)，not only.but also(不但而且)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系，空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。,2.根据转折或让步关系解题转折或让步关系主要指行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，still(还，仍然)，though(可是，不过，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(与此相反，相比之下)，in compari

13、son(比较起来，与比较)，by comparison(相比之下)等连接词，则表明前后两句话是逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折或让步关系。,3.根据因果关系解题如果前后的句子之间出现as a result(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)，so/such.that(如此以至于)等标志性词语，表明前后句有着因果关系。4.根据解释例证关系解题前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例子)。,随堂限时练,解析根据空格后的“Hope they can transform the way you pack.”可知，前

14、面是提供一些技巧，E项(这就是为什么我将打包的艺术浓缩成一些有用的技巧)符合题意。故选E。,A(2018河北衡水中学八模)Do you have the experience of digging out your suitcase，deciding what to bring and being afraid that youve forgotten something? 1 Hope they can transform the way you pack.,答案,解析,答案E.Thats why Ive distilled(提炼) the art of packing down to so

15、me essential tips.,解析根据空格前的内容“把一个篮子放在你的卧室、客厅或浴室里，你能将你随时遇到的需要打包的东西扔进去。”可知，前面是提供的技巧，接下来就要讲这样做的好处：这样至少你不会忘记带什么。故选A。,Keep a Basket HandyDo you wait until the last minute to pack？Keep a basket in your bedroom，living room，or bath room that you can use to throw in items youll need to pack as you 5come acro

16、ss them. 2 Besides，you can just put the contents of the basket into your suitcase if you are in a hurry to leave for the airport.,答案,解析,答案A.This makes you less likely to forget the 1stuff.,解析根据空格前的内容“假如你的衣服是由抗皱布艺制成的，你就不用小心翼翼的打包了。”可知，你可以将它们滚成球或是折成任意形状来填补箱子底部。这样当到达目的地换了衣服，你看上去还是清爽整洁。故选F。,Buy Wrinkle-f

17、ree ClothingYou wont need to worry about carefully packing your items of clothing if theyre made from 7wrinkle-free materials. 3 Youll still look fresh and bright when you are in them at your destination.,答案,解析,答案F.Just ball them up or put them at the bottom of the suitcase.,Keep Old Packing ListsCh

18、ances are that you end up taking trips that require you to pack similar items.Keep old packing lists from former vacations to the beach，ski resort，and citythat way，youll always have a list of at least the basics. 4 So you dont need to waste your effort to remember where you left your hand-written pa

19、cking lists.,答案,解析,答案B.The best way to do this is to save them on your computer.,解析根据空格后的内容“这样你就不用费力去记你将手写清单放在哪里了。”可知，前面是提供技巧：最好是将清单保存到电脑中。故选B。,答案D.Determine a night well in advance of 2departure to pack.,解析根据空格后的内容“这样，你就不会在你最后要走的那天凌晨一点疯狂的收拾行李。”可知，前面是提供技巧：定下一个出发前的晚上来打包行李。故选D。,Schedule a Packing Time

20、Time can slip away from you before a tripyou may be caught up at work，at home，or be 8occupied with other responsibilities of daily life. 5 That way，you will not need to do your packing frantically(狂乱地) from the last minute to 1 oclock on the day you leave.,答案,解析,A.This makes you less likely to forge

21、t the 1stuff.B.The best way to do this is to save them on your computer.C.Buy necessary stuff when you arrive.D.Determine a night well in advance of 2departure to pack.E.Thats why Ive distilled(提炼) the art of packing down to some essential tips.F.Just ball them up or put them at the bottom of the su

22、itcase.G.Rolling your clothes is the best way to save space for the suitcase.,语篇解读,语篇解读你有没有出行前总是翻看行李箱、思考要带些什么、唯恐忘带某些东西？本文就此给提供了四个打包技巧。,B(2018湖南三湘名校教育联盟第三次联考)A Memorable Science ProjectIf someone tells you to remember a phone number or address，it feels like an easy task at first.You repeat the number

23、s to yourself，either aloud or in your mind.But after just a few seconds you might find yourself starting to doubt your own memory. 6 Thus，it will try to throw away information that seems old or irrelevant.There are ways of helping our minds retain(记住) information，however，and in this activity you wil

24、l explore ways that we lose and keep memories.,答案,解析,答案B.Our brain is always 6seeking new and useful information.,解析根据下文内容“因此，它将试图丢弃那些看起来过时或无关紧要的信息。”可知，我们的大脑总是在寻找新的和有用的信息。故选B。,Short-term，or working memory，is a way of describing most peoples abilities to store a small amount of information for a brie

25、f period of time in a readily accessible form. 7 People dont have to stop and think to remember something in short-term memory.,答案,解析,答案C.Short-term memory has a short 4duration but is quickly and easily accessed.,解析根据下文内容“人们不需要停下来，想在短期记忆中记住一些东西。”可知，短期记忆的持续时间很短，但很快并且很容易获取。故选C。,解析根据下文内容“这些技术包括以一种令人惊讶

26、的方式使信息形象化或将信息连接在一起，目的是一条信息会让你想起了另一条。”可知，有许多提高记忆的技术。选项A中的many techniques与空后的such techniques呼应。故选A。,8 Such techniques include visualizing(观察) the information in a surprising way or linking pieces of information together so that one reminds you of the other.In the case of visualizing information，this c

27、ould be as simple as remembering you parked your car on the fifth floor in the D section by picturing five dogs sitting in your car！,答案,解析,答案A.There are many techniques for improving memory.,9 If you need to purchase cereal(谷物)，milk，fruit，cheese and eggs，you could imagine the cereal in a bowl，with m

28、ilk pouring over it and pieces of fruit on top.Then imagine 3cracking an egg over everything，and its full of melted cheese! These may seem simple or even silly.,答案,解析,答案D.In addition，linking information could help you remember your grocery list.,解析根据下句内容“如果你需要购买谷物、牛奶、水果、奶酪和鸡蛋，你可以想象谷物放在一个碗里，牛奶倒在上面，上面

29、有水果切片。”可知，此外，链接信息可以帮助你记住你的购物清单。故选D。,10 In this activity youll test the recall of a few friends or family members，and learn a few tricks for improving memory!,答案,解析,答案G.However，they are proved to be good ways for improving memory by scientists.,解析根据上句内容“这些看起来很简单，甚至有些愚蠢。”可知，下句应该是与上句转折的内容，“然而，事实证明，它们是科

30、学家提高记忆力的好方法。”故选G。此处however表示转折；G项中的they指上文中的these。,A.There are many techniques for improving memory.B.Our brain is always 6seeking new and useful information.C.Short-term memory has a short 4duration but is quickly and easily accessed.D.In addition，linking information could help you remember your gr

31、ocery list.E.Retaining that information over longer periods of time becomes difficult yet.F.Your short-term memory has a limited amount of space to store information.G.However，they are proved to be good ways for improving memory by scientists.,语篇解读,语篇解读本文介绍了关于提高记忆的技巧。,素材提炼再拓展,做完以上两篇七选五后，巧妙运用语境，解决障碍词

32、和长难句,.障碍词汇突破 (一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1.He pointed to a bag and said，“Thats my stuff.” 2.They has received no news of him since his departure from the island.3.Dont pour hot water into the glass or it will crack. 4.The duration of the service can be one hour or more，so you can use it to generate noti

33、ces while you are in a meeting.,东西,离开,裂开,持续,(二)同义词语替换5.When you come across something important，write it down.6.Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even seek to find the answer to that question. _(三)一词多义 7.wrinkle n.皱纹；vi.起皱；vt.使起皱纹(1)From where we are in the orchestra，you can see every wr

34、inkle on her face. _,meet up with,explore,皱纹,(2)Lighter cloths wrinkle easily while those heavy sweaters will fare just fine in the dresser drawer. _(3)Donna wrinkled her nose at her daughter._8.occupy占据，占领；居住；使忙碌(1)The building was purchased and occupied by its new owners last year._(2)The soldiers

35、 occupy nearby homes，so that residents will not peek through their windows or go outside to witness the raid. _(3)He occupied himself with packing the car. _,起皱,使起皱纹,居住,占据，占领,使忙碌,.长难句理解1.Keep a basket in your bedroom，living room，or bath room that you can use to throw in items youll need to pack as y

36、ou come across them.句式分析本句话是复合句，主干为祈使句，that you can use to throw in items youll need to pack as you come across them为 从句，修饰 ；youll need to pack为 从句，修饰 ；as you come across them为 从句。精美译文_,定语,a basket,定语,items,时间状语,把一个篮子放在你的卧室、客厅或浴室里，你能将你随时遇到的需要打包的东西扔进去。,2.In the case of visualizing information，this could be as simple as remembering you parked your car on the fifth floor in the D section by picturing five dogs sitting in your car!句式分析本句是简单句，包含一个as.as.结构，by picturing five dogs sitting in your car是 状语，sitting in your car为现在分词短语作 。精美译文_,方式,后置定语,至于使信息形象化，这可能就和你通过画五条坐在你车里的小狗而记住你把车停在D区的五楼一样简单。,