概念意义和关联意义.ppt

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1、GROUP NO.1（08英D）李金娇陈雅萍郭丽君叶 慧张家贝Lexical Meaning(Lexical Meaning(词汇意义）词汇意义）Lexical Meaning(Lexical Meaning(词汇意义）词汇意义）Lexical meaningAssociative meaning(关联意义）Conceptual meaning(概念意义)/Referential meaning(所指意义)The lexical meaning of English words consists of conceptual（概念意义）meaning and associative meanin

2、g（关联意义）.Conceptual meaning is the core of words meaning.It refers to the object directly and clearly.So it is also called referential meaning.The The difference difference and and connection connection between between conceptual meaning and associative meaningconceptual meaning and associative meani

3、nglWhen conceptual meaning is settled,this meaning is relatively stable and clear.It has relative stability.lAssociative meaning is the added meaning(附带意义）of the word,including personal affections(感情色彩)and style meaning(文体意义）.It has to correspond personal understandings of the speaker.Associative me

4、aning is very unstable,and can change easily according to the situation.ExamplesExamplesFather：父亲Dad:父亲，爸爸(informal)Daddy:often used by young childrenPapa:(old-fashioned),used by children to talk about and address their father The old man:某人的父亲Male parent:男性家长（formal)They have the same conceptual me

5、aning”father”,but their usages are different according to the different situations.ExamplesExamplesThe same concept”伤害”.lInjury：to harm yourself or sb.else physically,especially in accidents.e.g.In the traffic accident,two were killed and three get injured.lWound:an injury to part of the body,especi

6、ally one in which a hole is made in the skin using a weapon.e.g.The soldier was badly wounded in the head.lHurt:less informal than injury,often used orally,referring to the physical harm.e.g.The girl fell off her bike,and one of her legs hurt.lHarm:often used orally,physically or mentally,can cause

7、upset e.g.Getting up early wont harm you!早起对你没有害处!Conceptual meaning Conceptual meaning Words conceptual meaning is virtually the definition given by dictionaries.A word can be used to indicate not only the collectivity but also the individual.Thats to say,a word can has both the generic and specifi

8、c reference.These are some examples to demonstrate this point.Hound refers to any dog in the past,but in modern English,it is used to express a special kind of dog.Dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears girl:young person of either sex young people of female sex deer:any animal a p

9、articular kind of animalmeat:food edible part of an animalcorn:grain a particular grainlWhile we are learning a word,firstly we should have a mastery of its conceptual meaning,especially learning foreign languages.lA words meaning can be quite different from what you guess it is.For example:Cooker i

10、s not a person who cooks but cooking utensil.Typewriter also doesnt indicate a person but the device used for typing.Many words only have conceptual meaning Many words only have conceptual meaning but no associative but no associative meaningsmeaningsExamples:Statisticiann.统计学家；统计员Baileen.【法律】(财物的)(

11、保管)受托人Steakhouse n.(专门供应牛排的)牛排餐馆bedstead n.床架Bedclothesn.床上用品；铺盖Many words only have conceptual meaning Many words only have conceptual meaning but no associative meanings,especially but no associative meanings,especially Scientific Scientific and and Technical TermsTechnical Terms：Germicide n.杀菌剂In

12、dustrial Psychology 工业心理学Astrionics 宇航电子学Guided Missile 导弹Aircraft Carrier 航空母舰Videophone 可视电话E-mail 电子邮件Some English words have several different Some English words have several different conceptual meanings,i.e.conceptual meanings,i.e.PolysemyPolysemy.Polysemy 一词多义Polysemy is a common feature pecu

13、liar to all natural languages that one word may have two or more senses or different meanings.Example:Example:mechanicsn.1、力学；机械学、力学；机械学2、用作复数用作复数(机械等机械等)结构；构成结构；构成3、用作复数用作复数技术性细节；例行手续；例行方法技术性细节；例行手续；例行方法BeautyBeauty is but skin deep.美貌美貌(抽象意义抽象意义)She is a real beauty.美女美女(具体意义具体意义)When in speech,wo

14、rds not only can be used toWhen in speech,words not only can be used toConvey information,Convey information,Describe and explain,Describe and explain,Narrate,Narrate,andandShow attitudes,Show attitudes,Express feelings,Express feelings,Give instructions etc.Give instructions etc.Associative meaningAssociative meaning：Connotative meaning 内涵意义Stylistic meaning 文体意义Affective meaning 情感意义Collocative meaning 搭配意义Thank you!Thank you!