中国新闻奖参评作品推荐表_8363.doc

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1、中国新闻奖参评作品推荐表作品标题Chinas Change-4 probe makes historic landing on moons far side中国嫦娥四号创造历史 成功登陆月球背面参评项目国际传播-文字通讯与深度报道体裁文字通讯语种英文作 者（主创人员）喻菲、全晓书、谢佼编辑张崇防、石寿河、赵蔚刊播单位路透社（新华社）刊播日期2019年1月3日刊播版面(名称和版次)英文通稿线路作品字数（时长）1323个单词 采作编品过简程介 2019年1月3日嫦娥四号实现人类探测器首次在月球背面软着陆，具有开创性意义，举世瞩目。这篇英文稿件对中国科技史上这一里程碑事件进行了及时、深入、全面、客观

2、的报道，有力地向海外传播了中国重大科技成就以及中国为全人类科学探索事业做出的贡献。报道在保证准确严谨的前提下，深入浅出地呈现出嫦娥四号的科学内涵和重大意义。记者在对采访素材深刻理解的基础上，对嫦娥四号登陆月球背面的过程做了拟人化介绍，并引用了大量国内外科学家的话阐释了嫦娥四号对于人类探索宇宙发挥的重要作用，稿件内容丰富翔实，表述准确生动优美，是科技报道中的佳作。社会效果稿件被包括华盛顿邮报、纽约时报、金融时报、基督教科学箴言报、BBC、卫报、英国每日邮报、路透社、法新社、澳大利亚人报等西方主流媒体在内的397家英文媒体采用，进入当日新华社海外社交媒体涉华报道阅读量前五名。该报道在海外社交媒体平

3、台推送后，马斯克点赞，美国航天局局长也发推文表示祝贺，产生重大国际影响力，为中国航天营造了有利的国际舆论环境。 初推评荐评理语由 这篇报道时效全面领先、内容详实准确、语言精炼生动，大面积覆盖西方主流媒体，对外有力传达中国声音，体现出中国科学探索的勇气、和平利用太空的立场以及为人类探索宇宙做出的贡献。签名：（盖单位公章） 2020年 月 日（原文）Chinas Change-4 probe makes historic landing on moons far sideby Xinhua writers Yu Fei, QuanXiaoshu, Xie Jiao No wind blows an

4、d no rain falls there. Only crashing meteorites occasionally disrupt the stillness. The desolate landscape on the far side of the moon - never visible from Earth - has waited billions of years to see the first-ever soft landing of a visitor from Earth. After orbiting the moon for more than 20 days,

5、the Change-4 probe, launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China on Dec. 8, 2018, has seen countless craters, mountains and valleys on the moon. Finally, its destination on the far side, the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) Basin, the largest, deepest and oldest crater in the solar sy

6、stem, was illuminated by the rising sun. The developers of Change-4 decided on Thursday it was the time to come down on this barren world. At 10:15 a.m., a variable thrust engine was ignited with the assistance of the relay satellite Queqiao (Magpie Bridge), operating in the halo orbit around the se

7、cond Lagrangian point of the Earth-Moon system, about 65,000 km from the moon, where it can see both Earth and the moons far side. Change-4s relative velocity to the moon was lowered from 1.7 km per second to close to zero, and the probe was adjusted to face the moon and descend vertically towards t

8、he Von Karman Crater in the SPA Basin. When it descended to an altitude of about 2 km, its cameras captured the shadows of the hills and valleys on the lunar surface. Its computer identified and assessed large obstacles such as rocks and craters, so the probe could avoid them. At 100 meters up, the

9、probe hovered to identify smaller obstacles and measured the slopes on the surface. Its computer calculated again and selected the safest site. At 2 meters above the surface, the engine stopped, and then the golden lander with a silver rover on top touched down on the desolate gray surface with four

10、 legs, throwing up some dust. The probe performed the entire landing process, lasting about 12 minutes, with no intervention from ground control, and the relay satellite transmitted the first close-up photos of the moons far side back to a control center in Beijing. The China National Space Administ

11、ration later announced that the probe landed at the preselected landing area at 177.6 degrees east longitude and 45.5 degrees south latitude on the far side of the moon. Its an important milestone for Chinas space exploration, said Wu Weiren, chief designer of Chinas lunar exploration program. It is

12、 a perfect display of human intelligence, said Jia Yang, deputy chief designer of the Change-4 probe, from the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST). Named after Chinese moon goddess Change, Chinas lunar exploration program, which began in 2004, includes orbiting and landing on the moon, and brin

13、ging samples back to Earth. After Change-3 completed Chinas first soft landing on the moon in 2013, Chinese space experts aimed high, hoping Change-4 could carry out unprecedented and more challenging tasks. Landing on the far side of the moon is more risky than landing on the near side. The rugged

14、terrain on the far side has raised many problems, said Sun Zezhou, chief designer of the Change-4 probe, from CAST. But solving those problems might help lay the foundation for future space exploration. High-precision landing is a necessity for further exploring the moon and asteroids. We hope to be

15、 able to reach the whole moon and even the whole solar system, Sun said. The far side of the moon has unique features never before explored on site, said Zou Yongliao, director of the lunar and deep space exploration division of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The exploration of this virgin land by

16、 Change-4 might bring breakthroughs. The moon is tidally locked to Earth, rotating at the same rate that it orbits Earth, so one side of the moon is seen from Earth, leaving the far side a mystery, until now. About 60 years ago, the Soviet Unions Luna 3 probe sent back the first images of the moons

17、far side. And about 50 years ago, three astronauts of the U.S. Apollo 8 mission became the first people to see it with their own eyes. Lunar orbiters have shown the moons two sides are very different: the near side is relatively flat, while the far side is thickly dotted with impact craters of diffe

18、rent sizes. Scientists believe that the lunar crust on the far side is much thicker than the near side. However, the reason is still a mystery. Only on-site exploration might reveal the secrets. The moon and Earth shared a similar childhood. But traces of the remote past on Earth have been erased by

19、 geological activities. The moon might provide some insights to the early history of Earth, said Lin Yangting, a researcher at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics. Exploring the Von Karman Crater in the SPA Basin is meaningful in another sense. The crater was named after a Hungarian-American mat

20、hematician, aerospace engineer and physicist in the 20th century, who was also the teacher of Qian Xuesen and Guo Yonghuai, the founders of Chinas space industry. Nearly 50 years have passed since people first stood on the moon. Can we return? How will radiation on the moon affect astronauts? How mu

21、ch water is there? Scientists from China, Germany and Sweden hope to find the answers through Change-4 and make preparations for people to return to the moon. Professor Robert Wimmer-Schweingruber, of the Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics of Kiel University in Germany, said that preparin

22、g for future human exploration of the moon was an excellent idea. If astronauts come back to Earth, the radiation on the moon is the only danger that remains in their bodies. So we need to understand that, he said. Johan Koehler, head of Solar System Science and Space Situational Awareness, Swedish

23、National Space Agency, said exploration of the far side of the moon was a great achievement by China. We are very happy to be a part of it. There is a theory that water on the surface of the moon is formed by the interaction of solar wind with the surface regolith. So this is something that Swedish

24、scientists together with Chinese scientists want to answer, said Koehler. The Change-4 mission, including the probe, the relay satellite Queqiao and a micro satellite orbiting the moon, is equipped with four payloads developed through international cooperation, providing more opportunities to the wo

25、rlds scientists and combining human expertise in space exploration. I think one of the beauties of space science is that we do cooperate internationally. Space science to me is something important, also as a message of peace worldwide, Wimmer-Schweingruber said. For astronomers, the far side of the

26、moon is a place of ideal tranquility, as the body of the moon shields against radio interference from Earth. From there, they can study the origins and evolution of stars and galaxies, peering into the dawn of the universe. Change-4 carries low-frequency radio astronomical instruments developed by C

27、hinese and Dutch scientists. Conducting such observation on the moons far side is a long cherished goal of astronomers, and could fill gaps in astronomical observation, said Zou. The probe also took six live species - cotton, rapeseed, potato, arabidopsis, fruit fly and yeast - to the lifeless envir

28、onment to form a mini biosphere, which is expected to produce the first flower on the moon. Chinese space engineers also plan to get data by constantly measuring temperatures on the surface of the moon. Exploring the far side of the moon is one contribution China is making to the world. Although we

29、still dont know what we might find, this exploration might influence several generations, said Shen Zhenrong, a designer of the lunar rover. Wu Weiren said: Exploring the unknown is human nature. The moon is a mysterious world to us. We have a responsibility to explore and to understand it. Explorat

30、ion of the moon will also deepen our understanding of Earth and ourselves. Enditem（倒译稿）中国嫦娥四号创造历史 成功登陆月球背面那里既无风也无雨，除了时不时坠落的大大小小的陨石打破寂静，月球永远背向地球那面的荒原等待了数十亿年，终于迎来第一个翩翩降临的地球访客。2018年12月8日从中国西南部西昌卫星发射中心升空的嫦娥四号探测器，经过20多天的环月飞行，纵览了月球表面星罗棋布的环形山、高山和峡谷，终于等到目的地南极-艾特肯盆地这个太阳系中最大、最深、最古老的陨石坑迎来曙光。周四，嫦娥四号的研制者们决定，是时候让

31、它降落在这片不毛之地。10时15分，在距离月球约6.5万公里、运行在地月系统第二拉格朗日点晕轨道上、能同时看见地球和月球背面的中继星“鹊桥”的协助下，嫦娥四号上的变推力发动机被点燃。探测器的速度从相对月球1.7公里每秒降到接近为零。探测器调整了姿态，朝着艾特肯盆地中冯卡门撞击坑垂直降落下去。当它距离月面约两公里时，月面上山峦峡谷的影子被探测器上的相机捕捉到，计算机处理后识别出大石块和陨石坑，探测器实施了避障。当距离月面100米时，它在空中悬停，识别出月面上更小的障碍物以及坡度，它的“大脑”再次计算，寻找到最安全的着陆点。当距离月面两米时，探测器上的发动机停止工作，头顶银色月球车的金光闪闪的着陆

32、器用四条腿稳稳站立在荒凉的灰色月面，扬起一片月尘。整个降落过程持续了大约12分钟，全部由探测器自主完成，地球上没有做出任何干预，中继卫星将月球背面首批近距离画面传回到位于北京的指挥控制中心。随后，中国国家航天局宣布嫦娥四号降落在月球背面的预定着陆区，东经177.6度，南纬45.5度。中国探月工程总设计师吴伟仁说：“这是中国航天的一个重要里程碑。”中国空间技术研究院嫦娥四号探测器副总设计师贾阳说：“这是人类智慧的一次完美展现。” 以月亮女神“嫦娥”命名的中国探月工程起始于2004年，包括绕、落、回三步。2013年，嫦娥三号实现首次月球软着陆后，中国航天专家志存高远，希望嫦娥四号开展史无前例、更有

33、挑战的任务。“去月球背面比去正面风险增大了很多，崎岖的地形给我们带来很多问题。”中国空间技术研究院嫦娥四号探测器总设计师孙泽洲说。“但是解决这些问题可为将来的深空探测打下基础。高精度着陆是后续月球探测以及小行星探测所必需的技术。我们希望未来具备全月球乃至于全太阳系的到达能力。”孙泽洲说。中科院月球与深空探测总体部主任邹永廖说，月球背面具有独特性质，是从未实地探测过的处女地，或许能获得突破性发现。由于潮汐锁定，月球绕地球公转与自转的周期相同，从地球上只能看到月亮的一面，而月球背面一直是神秘的未知世界。直到大约60年前，苏联的月球3号探测器才传回了首批月球背面影像。大约50年前，美国阿波罗8号的3

34、位宇航员成为最先目睹月球背面的人类。环绕月球的探测器让人们发现，月球背面和正面如此不同：正面相对平坦，而背面遍布大大小小的撞击坑。科学家认为月球背面的月壳比正面厚得多，其原因依然是个谜，只有着陆探测才有可能揭开这个谜。月球与地球有着相似的“童年”。“但由于地质活动，地球早年的痕迹已被抹去。要想了解地球久远的往事，月球或许能给我们答案。”中科院地质与地球物理研究所研究员林杨挺说。对冯卡门撞击坑的探测还有另一层意义，它是以20世纪匈牙利裔美国数学家、航天工程师和物理学家冯卡门命名的。中国航天事业的奠基人钱学森、郭永怀都是他的亲传弟子。距离人类第一次登月过去50年了，人类能否重返月球？月球上的辐射会

35、对宇航员造成怎样的影响？月球上到底有多少水？来自中国、德国、瑞典的科学家希望通过嫦娥四号寻找答案，为人类重返月球做准备。德国基尔大学实验与应用物理研究所温牧教授说，为未来人类登月做准备是非常棒的想法。“当宇航员返回地球后，月球上造成的辐射是唯一存留在他们体内的危险，所以我们必须把这些辐射搞明白。”温牧说。瑞典航天局太阳系统科学部部长科勒说，探索月球背面是中国的巨大成就，“我们非常高兴能成为这次任务的一部分”。他说：“有一种理论认为，月球上的水是由于太阳风与月球表面的风化层相互作用而产生的，这是瑞典和中国科学家想通过探测解答的问题。”包含探测器、“鹊桥”中继星、绕月小卫星在内的嫦娥四号任务上搭载

36、了4台通过国际合作研制的载荷，为全球科学家提供了更多太空探索的机会，集合了人类在宇宙探索方面的各家专长。“我认为空间科学的一个美妙之处就在于许许多多国家一起合作，这很重要，也向全世界传递了和平的信息。”温牧说。对于天文学家来说，月球背面是一片理想的宁静之地，因为月球自身屏蔽了来自地球的无线电信号干扰，在那里他们能够研究星星及星系的诞生与演化，窥见宇宙的黎明时代。嫦娥四号携带了中国和荷兰科学家研制的低频射电天文探测器。“到月球背面开展观测是天文学家梦寐以求的，可以填补天文观测的空白。”邹永廖说。嫦娥四号还将棉花、油菜、土豆、拟南芥、酵母和果蝇6种生物带上了没有生命的月球，它们形成一个微型生物圈。人们期待月亮上能绽放出第一朵花。中国航天工程师还计划持续测量获得月面温度数据。月球车的一位设计师申振荣说，去月球背面探测是中国为世界做出的贡献。“虽然我们现在还不知道最终能探测到什么，但是这一探测有可能会影响好几代人。”“人类的本性就是探索未知。月球对我们来说是一个神秘的世界，我们有责任去探究它。探测月球也会加深我们对地球和对自身的认识。”吴伟仁说。（完）9