定语从句高三总复习ppt课件.ppt

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1、定语从句高三总复习ppt课件 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望定语从句：是指在复合句中，定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰修饰 或或 的从句的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做词叫做“”.”.引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫“”名词名词代词代词先行词先行词关系词关系词定定语语从从句句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttribu

2、tiveClause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代人指代事物指代事物所属关系所属关系指地点指地点指时间指时间指原因指原因who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw

3、 her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomThe girl注意避免重复注意避免重复Correctthemistakes1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.3.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.4.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.whomwhoseitwho 1.that

4、1.that 与与whichwhich1.Nothing_canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,nonesomething,much,little,none等不定代词，引等不定代词，引导定语从句用导定语从句用thatthatthatthat1.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_hevis

5、itedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。2.that 2.that 与与whichwhichIvereadallthebooks_youlentme.that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last very,only,last 修饰时修饰时,引导引导定语从句用定语从句用that that。3.that 3.that 与与whichwhich1

6、.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that.that.thatthat 4.that 4.that 与与whichwhich1.Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?WhoWho做先行词时，做先行词时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用th

7、atthatthat 5.that 5.that 与与whichwhich1.Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物在介词后面，指事物用用whichwhich，指人用，指人用whomwhom 6.that 6.that 与与whichwhich1)Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?2)Theo

8、nlything_wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，_broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thisisthebook_whichyouasked注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前 forTheoldmanwhomIamlookingafteris

9、better.如何判断介词如何判断介词2）、看定语从句中形容词与介）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with如何判断介词如何判断介词3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词与先行词搭配搭配Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.inthefrontof如何判断介词如何判断介词1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3

10、.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudythestars.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.7.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.8.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhi

11、chaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichtowhomofwhich考点考点3：介词：介词+关系代词关系代词whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句表示所属关系表示所属关系Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whose3Whose的使用的使用Thereareinthisclass20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhoseWhose的使用的

12、使用Theearthisround,_weallknow._isknowntoall,theearthisround_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.as AsIt定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as,as as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的词一般是固定的4as的使用的使用ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as的使用的使用Thisissuc

13、haninterestingbook_wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllike.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。本书。定语从句定语从句as的使用的使用Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllikeit.thatthat这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。结果状语从句结果状语从句as的使用的使用1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_hasbeen

14、saidbefore.which2_everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，句末，而而which引导定语从句不能引导定语从句不能放在句首放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，译为正如，好像。，which which 则没有此义。则没有此义。as的使用的使用5when,where,why与与that,which的区分的区分）Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.）Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentwithyou.）Illn

15、everforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.）Thisisthemuseum_Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat5when,where,why与与that,which的区分的区分Thisisthereason_(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.whythatwhich/that指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用中作主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语引导定语从句。从句。填上

16、合适的关系词并分析原因：填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填不填that/inwhich/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语 the way用做先行词用做先行词3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.（04湖北）湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich高考题链接：高考题链

17、接：6定语从句中的动词的数定语从句中的动词的数Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraisehashave关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词1.IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正

18、处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点一：一些特殊词之后的难点一：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition,stage,activity和和case等表示抽等表示抽象意义的词，常用象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了到了某种地步，在某种境况中某种地步，在某种境况中”。1.Wearetryingtorea

19、chapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山东）山东）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.-Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?-Yes,theresonepoint_wemustinsiston.（06江西）江西）A.whyB.whereC.howD./高考题链接：高考题链接：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。关系词。wherethat1.Thisisthelibrary_Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthisli

20、brary_Iborrowedthebook.where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句综合考查一：定语从句与强调句3.-WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?-Itwasinthehotel_Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when难点二难点二.综合考查综合考查近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综

21、合分析能力。友情提示友情提示综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.2.Wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.thatthat/which综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏）江苏）A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD

22、.which;inwhichthat/which综合考查四：定语从句与状语从句综合考查四：定语从句与状语从句试比较：试比较：Heleftthekeywherehehadbeenanhourbefore.(where引导地点状语从句，相当于引导地点状语从句，相当于intheplacewhere)Helefttheplacewherehelivedformanyyears.(where引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰theplace)Heissuchagoodteacherasallofusloveandrespect.(as引导定语从句引导定语从句)Heissuchagoodteachert

23、hatwealllikehim.(that引导结果状语从句引导结果状语从句,suchthat“如此如此以致以致”)综合考查五：定语从句与结果状语从句综合考查五：定语从句与结果状语从句综合考查六：定语从句修饰的先行词综合考查六：定语从句修饰的先行词1.Thisissuchaheavybox_noonecanliftit.2.2.Thisissuchaheavybox_noonecanlift.1.Isthisthefactory_youvisitedyesterday?2.Isthisfactory_youvisitedyesterday?thatas(that/which)theone1.By

24、nineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_appearedararerainbowsoon.（2008福建）福建）A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich.解析：原句应该是这样的：A rare rainbow soon appeared _.这里显然应该填上“above Mount Qomolangma”。我们可以将它改写为above which并用来连接这两个句子2.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_weremadeofsmalld

25、iamonds.(2008陕西卷陕西卷)A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich解析：“表的指针”是用钻石造的。这里涉及到了所有关系。在定语从句中，对于事物的所有关系我们可以使用whose+名词，the+名词+of which 或of which the+名词这三种形式。D项符合 the+名词+of which 结构，所以是正确的。3.Ill give you my friends home address,_ I can be reached most evenings.（08北京卷）A.which

26、B.when C.whom D.where4.All the neighbor admire this family,_the parents are treating their child like a friend.（2008安徽卷）A.why B.where C.which D.that 这两道题非常相似。两句的先行词分别为address和family，后面的从句缺少地点状语，所以要用in which 或where作为关系词连接。第3题稍微有些难度。首先，有些同学没有理解这句话的意思，“我会给你我朋友的家庭住址。在这个地址，大部分的晚上你都可以找到我”。后面的句子如果改写为“you c

27、an reach me most evenings”则更容易理解。5.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_sightmattersmorethanhearing.2007 天津卷A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where6.Weshouldntspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_arehealthy2007北京卷A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom7.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhim

28、selforherself,_canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.2007湖南卷A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that9.Chans restaurant on Baker Street,_ used to be poorly run,is now a successful business.2007 浙江卷 A.that B.which C.who D.where 8.The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad2007 上海春AthatBal

29、l thatCall whatDwhich10.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.2007重庆卷A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich人类的面部表情不同于动物，达到哪种程度可以根据某种目的加以控制。”Ourclassisabigfamily;Itconsistsof12girlsand50boys.Mostofthemaremainlyfromthecountryside.ZhaoQiangisakind-heart

30、edboy.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Heissuchagoodboythatwealllikehim.Ourclassisabigfamilywhichconsistsof12girlsand50boys,mostofwhomaremainlyfromthecountryside.ZhaoQiangisakind-heartedboy,whoisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Heissuchagoodboyaswealllike.定语从句的运用定语从句的运用根据下列句子，完成短文。根据下列句子，完成短文。众所周知，众所周知，20082008年北

31、京成功的举办年北京成功的举办了奥运会。英语作为一种国际语言，了奥运会。英语作为一种国际语言，在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会三学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它。只有这样，才能为祖国努力学好它。只有这样，才能为祖国贡献自己的力量。贡献自己的力量。注意：要使用定语从句注意：要使用定语从句.As is known to all,Beijing hosted As is known to all,Beijing hosted the 2008 Olympic Games.English,the 2008 Olympic Games

32、.English,which is an international language,which is an international language,plays an important part in communicating plays an important part in communicating with foreigners.We Senior Three students with foreigners.We Senior Three students should seize this opportunity to learn it well,should seize this opportunity to learn it well,by which we can make our contributions to by which we can make our contributions to our motherlandour motherland.