北欧野生小动物.docx

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1、北欧野生风情录-Nordic Wild之小动物年轻的掠食者勇敢地面对一月里凛冽的寒风。北极狐和大个的家猫差不多大，不过厚厚的外衣把它显得大很多。短粗的鼻子和短耳朵有助于贮存珍贵的热量。它还有个神奇的能力即减少暴露在外的身体部分的血流。但成功的真正秘密，则在于它那覆盖全身的绒毛连脚底也都被保护起来。冬季，狐狸毛长到原来的三倍长，是动物王国中最保暖的外衣。它能挺过大部分哺乳动物挺不了几分钟的天气。如果情况很糟糕，它可以干脆蜷成一个毛绒球等着天气好转。北欧遭受冬季侵袭最强烈的地方位于最北边的北极圈之内。这一地区极为辽阔。从冰冻的北美海岸到俄罗斯边境，五个国家将近十万公里的海岸线围成了斯堪的纳维亚。千

2、年来这里的地形是由巨大的冰廊冲凿摧残而成，还有地壳的相互撞击。环境严酷之极，只可勉强生存。冰岛大地本身仍是一派奔涌的景象。当地下水波遇到隐秘的熔岩流时，过热的水变成蒸气，然后突然迸发出来，形成间歇喷泉。A young predator braves the bitter January winds.The Arctic fox is about the same size as a large domestic cat, but its thick coat makes it look much bigger.A stubby nose and short ears help conserve

3、 precious heat.So does its amazing ability to reduce blood flow to exposed body parts.But the real secret of its success is its fur which covers its entire body including the soles of its feet.In winter, the foxs fur trebles in length giving it the warmest coat in the animal kingdom.It can survive w

4、eather that will kill most mammals within minutes.If the going gets tough, the fox can just curl up into a furry ball and wait for conditions to improve.The Nordic lands bearing the brunt of winter lie furthest north inside the Arctic Circle.This area is vast.Spanning the globe from the frozen shore

5、s of North America to the Russian border,five countries of nearly 100,000 kilometers of coast line make up Scandinavia.Over the millennium, the landscape has been gouged and crumpled by colossal corridors of ice and collisions of the earth crust.Its a cruel place to eke out an existence.In Iceland t

6、he landscape itself is still in a state of flux.Where underground water waves meet hidden lava flows, super heated water turns to steam and explodes as high pressure geysers.Sunkissed beaches are ice blasted and exposed right through winter.For grey seals in the Baltic Sea, thats no problem.This is

7、when female seals give birth.But the huge males are here too, with one thing on their minds - mating.The mothers need to nurture and protect their babies, but they also need to mate.The huge marauding males weigh up to 300 kilos.and the infants can be crushed if they get in the way.Mating preoccupie

8、s both sexes.And males battle for access to the best females.They can cause terrible injuries with their formidable canines to each other and sometimes to the pups.There are often casualties, or even fatalities.But the death of a seal pup can be a lifeline for others.Scavenging is the sea eagles lot

9、 during the big freeze.With the ice now forming off shore, winter penetrates the land too.有阳光照射的沙滩则被冰覆没直接遭受冬天的摧残。对波罗的海的灰海豹来说，这并不是问题。此时是雌性生产的时候。然而大块头的雄性也来了，它们只想着一件事交配。妈妈们要养育并保护孩子们，不过它们也需要交配。又大又凶的雄性体重高达三百公斤。如果小海豹碍事的话就有可能被压扁。交配时，雌雄双方都很投入。雄性还会为夺取最好的雌性而打斗。它们那令人畏惧的犬齿能够造成巨大的伤害，不光伤害对方，有时还会伤到小海豹。经常会有意外事故甚至死亡

10、。小海豹的死可能是其它动物的救生索。天寒地冻之时，食腐是海雕的特长。海面上正在结冰同样，冬天也深入内陆。It uses acute hearing and keen sense of smell to pinpoint its prey.Lynx are one of the few animals who dont lose the trail under snow.There is nowhere to hide.The ice pack continues its advance, finally reaching the shore.For the polar bear, the go

11、od times have returned.It is in its elements again.And ringed seals are back on the menu.Once more the ice bear reigns supreme until the ocean melts again.The Scandinavian coast is an ever shifting world.The ocean shapes the land and the destinies of all animals that live here where the land meets t

12、he sea on the edge.它利用灵敏的听觉和嗅觉找到猎物。猞猁是少数不会在雪地里跟丢猎物的动物之一。猎物无处可藏。浮冰群继续前进终于到了岸边。对北极熊来说好时光回来了。又到了它的天下。环斑海豹又重现菜单。北极熊再度称霸，直到大海再次融化。斯堪的纳维亚海岸是个不断变化的世界。大海塑造了陆地以及陆上所有动物的命运，陆地和海洋相连的地方是生命的边缘地带。Summer has reached its peak.And for Scandinavias migrant visitors, time is running out.In Iceland, the cliffs still ech

13、o to the calls of the sea birds.But the puffin chicks have now fledged along with the Guillemots and kittiwakes.This is a new beginning for them.At the end of the summer, the young puffins will leave these fishing grounds.But theyll return in four or five years to raise their own families.Inland, ot

14、her youngsters are venturing from the safety of their nests.The flying squirrels baby is undertaking its first tentative forays, once it makes sure the coast is clear.The three Osprey chicks are seven weeks old and ready to fly the nest.This is their final meal delivery.Their mother will leave now a

15、nd their father will follow in a few weeks.Then the chicks will be entirely on their own.They compete for every morsel.The flying squirrel is still finding its feet.But the Ospreys have already found their wings.They are flexing the muscles that will carry them on their marathon flight to west Afric

16、a.These pre-flight checks are vital for a successful take off.夏天已到高峰阶段。而对斯堪的纳维亚迁徙的来访者来说时间已经不多了。在冰岛，悬崖间仍有海鸟叫声回响。不过角嘴海雀幼雏已经羽毛丰满了，海鸠和三趾鸥也一样。这是它们新的起点。夏天结束时，这些年轻的角嘴海雀将离开这一带捕鱼区。而四、五年后，它们将重返这里哺育它们自己的家庭。在内陆其它的小动物也从安全的巢穴里出来冒险。鼯鼠宝宝确定外面已经安全了，开始初试身手。三只鱼鹰幼鸟已经七周大了，已经准备好要远走高飞了。这是爸爸送来的最后一餐。它们的妈妈现在就要离开，爸爸几周后也会跟着离去。之

17、后，小鹰们就完全靠自己了。每一口食物它们都要争抢。小鼯鼠还没学会走路。小鱼鹰们就已经展开翅膀了。它们在活动筋骨，这对翅膀可是要带它们长途跋涉飞到西非。飞行前的准备工作是成功的关键。The chicks are just a few weeks old and growing fast.In another month or so, they must learn to fly.Then theyll set off alone on a 7,000-kilometer journey to Africa, their first migration.They must leave before

18、 the fish they need are locked beneath the ice.If their father doesnt provide enough food, they wont be strong enough to go the distance.He needs to catch up to 8 fish each day to support his family.Its such a short growing season that the pressure is constant for both parents.While he hunts, she fe

19、eds the chicks and guards the nest.Hes perfectly equipped for the job.A third eyelid acts like built-in goggles for clear underwater vision.Speed, angle and depth are calculated instinctively.His wings stretch a meter and a half.Ultra-flexible shoulder joints, powerful shoulder muscles complete his

20、fishing gear.Once the ferocious talons lock on to a fish, they wont release until the Osprey lands.小鱼鹰只有几周大小，但是长得飞快。大约一个月以后，它们就得学会飞。然后它们将独自出发开始七千公里的旅程，飞往非洲也是它们的第一次迁徙。它们得赶在赖以生存的鱼被封在冰下之前离开。如果爸爸不能带回足够多的食物，它们就没有足够的力气飞那么远。它每天要捉八条鱼才能维持生计。生长季节非常短暂，所以双亲承受着不断的压力。爸爸捕猎时，妈妈则要给幼雏喂食还要保卫巢穴。爸爸的装备完全胜任这一工作。第三付眼睑就像是内置的护目镜，在水下也会有清晰的视线。对速度、角度和深度的把握靠的是直觉。它的翅膀展开来有一米半长。超灵活的肩关节和强力的肩部肌肉使它的捕鱼装备更完美。一旦它凶猛的双爪抓住了鱼，直到降落都不会松开。