定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法点滴.doc

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1、定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法点滴一，关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，由于在从句中担任逻辑作用不同，须用不同的关系词代替它 This is the place where he work.(关系词作状语，where=in the place ) 这是他工作的地方。 This is the place which we visited.(关系词作宾语which=the place ) 这是我们参观过的地方。二，在口语或非正式场合中，That 可代替where等关系副词 This is the place that he works.(关系词that 作状语，th

2、at=where) 这是他工作的地方。三，有时为了句子的平衡，较短的定语或较短的谓语动词插入定语从句与先行词之间，这叫做分隔定语从句 I was the only person in any office who was invite. 我是我们办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。四，宜用that 的情况1 先行词为all,much,little,everything,anything,nithing,none,few,the one等指物的不定代词时：I mean the one that was taught yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。2 先行词被形容词最高级或被the only,t

3、he very,the just,any,few,little,no,all,one of等修饰时： It is the most important task that should be finished soon. 这是必须马上完成的最重要的任务。3 先行词为数词或被序数词含表顺序的词next,last等修饰时： Look at these flowers ,You can see the two that you give me. 瞧这些花，你能看到你给我的那两朵。4 先行词既有人又有物时： He was deeply impressed by the teachers and sch

4、ools that we had visited. 我们访问过的教师与学校给我们留下了深刻印象。5 先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时： It is a book that will help you a lot. 这是本对你很有帮助的书。 My home town is no longer the place that it used to be. 我的故土现在已不在是过去的那个面貌了。 五，宜用who的情况1 先行词为anyone,all, none,nobody,one等指人的不定代词时： One who doesnt work hard will never succee

5、d. 不努力工作的人是永远不会成功的。2 非限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时：The man,who was murdered in that village ,died the next day.那个在村中被杀的人第二天就死了。3 在被分隔开的定语从句中先行词指人时：I met a boy at the English Corner yesterday who could speak English fluently.昨天我在英语角；上遇到了一个能讲一口流利英语的男孩。4 在以there be 开头的存在句型中，先行词指人时：There was an old lady who wanted t

6、o see you at the gate just now.刚刚大门口有一位老妇人有事找你。5 当一个指人的先行词带两个定语从句时，一个从句用that,另一个用who:The worker that was rewarded at the meeting yesterday is the visitor who invented these machines.那天在会上受到奖励的那位工人是这些机器的创造者。五，宜用which或whom的情况1 关系代词前有介词时，先行词指人用whom,指物用which:This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.这是鲁迅住过

7、的房了。The man about whom we are talking is coming towards us now.我们正谈到的那个人现在正朝我们走来。2 非限制性定语从句中，指物的用which:He has a book,which was written in a hospital.他有一本书，这本书是在一家医院写的。3 先行词本身是that，用which:The clock is that which tells the time.钟表是告诉人们时间的。六，注意以下情况：1 We all know that Mr Smith lives on the second floor

8、that Mr Johnson lives as well.我们都知道，Mr Smith 住在二楼，Mr Johnson 也住在二楼。这里的关系代词that 不能换成where,介词+that=where。2 This is a place which Ive long wanted to visit.这是我长期想支的地方。which不能换成where ,因为where作状语，不能作宾语3 They work in a factory that makes radio parts.他们在一家制造无线电零件的工厂工作。that 不能换成where,因为where作状语，不能作宾语.that makes radio parts=where radio parts are made4 This is the place which she lives in.这是她生活的地方。in which=where,which作in 的宾语，where 不能作in 的宾语第 5 页