定语从句中关系副词的用法(3页).doc

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1、-定语从句中关系副词的用法-第 3 页定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when,where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：表时间的名词+when+定语从句time,day,hour,yearwhen指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例句：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.表地点的名词+where+定语从句place,room,housewhere指地点

2、，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.(在现代英语中why可以省略)上句也可以这样表示：ThatisthereasonIdidthejob.又如：Thiswasthereason(why)weraisedthetemperature.关系副词在定语从

3、句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1）当先行词是时间，地点，原因时，并不是一定对应使用when，where，whyThe factory _ I visited is not far from here.诀窍：1.先找定语从句：_I visited, 2.假设可填入which，which I visited, which指代factory 3.看定语从句是否完整；I visited the factory。 很完整，which正确，或thatThe factory _ I work is not far from here. 1. _I work 2. which I work,whic

4、h指代factory 3.看定语从句是否完整I work the factory. I work in the factory，可见缺少in 4.因此应该是 in which I work=where I work*IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyouontheseashore.*Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool.*Thisisthehospitalwheremymotherworks.*Thisisthehospitalwhich/thatwevis

5、itedthedaybeforeyesterday.*Thereasonwhyhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.*Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegavehisbossintheoffice.2)“when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong?(onwhich=when)Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.(inwhich=wher

6、e)This is the park _you took photos last Sunday.That was the reason_he was late for school.DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMarysbirthdayparty.(forwhich=why) The house which he lives in needs repairing.The house in which he lives needs repairing.The house where he lives needs repairingThe da

7、y when Mandela helped him was the happiest day for Jim?The day on which Mandela helped him was the happiest day for Jim有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词+which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：Mymotherworksinafactory,infrontofwhichthereisasmallriver.Atnightthesoldiersgottoasmallhill,atthefootofwhichstoodafa

8、rmhouse.3） 以下名词之后也通常用where/in which引导的定语从句：situation(形势), case（情况,病例，案例）, position（位置，境地）。occasion（场合）等等。 This is the point where I dont agree.They are in such a situation where everything is out of order.The police are looking into the case where two VIPs were killed.They were some occasions where

9、we have to tell some white lies.4)“that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when,where、why”和“介词+which”结构，尤其在“thetimewhen”等结构中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。ImayleavehereanytimeIwantto.DuringthetimeIwasthereIvisitedhimtwice.ThisismysecondtimeIhavecometoyourcountry.5)“which”有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which”在非限制性定语从句中的特殊使用，如：Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveupsmoking,whichadvicehedidnotfollow.