2018年高考真题——英语(全国卷Ⅰ)+Word版含答案).pdf

《2018年高考真题——英语(全国卷Ⅰ)+Word版含答案).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018年高考真题——英语(全国卷Ⅰ)+Word版含答案).pdf（13页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号(新课标卷)英英 语语注意事项：注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。不密封第一部分第一部分听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内

2、容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.答案是 C。1.what will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.Shes generour.helpful

3、.3.When does the traif leave?P.comB.Shes curious.C.ShesB.Give a talk.C.WriteaB.9.18.C.9.15.此卷只装订-1-A.At 6:30.10:30.B.At8:30.C.At4.How does the wonar sRwr?mA.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.and patient.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面

4、 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changiny her major.7.What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology.B.Education.

5、C.Chemistry.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.C.A taxi driver.9.what is the man doing for the woman?A.looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10.Where d

6、oes the conversation probably take place?A.In an office.B.At homeC.At a restaurant.11.What will the speakers do tomorow evening?A.Goto a concert.B.Visit a friend-2-C.work extra hours.12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike.B.JoanC.Catherine.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13.why does the woman meet the man?A.To

7、 look at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design.C.Its quality.15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.Its a good size.equipped.16.What will the woman probably do next?A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her

8、friend.C.Make payment.B.Its newly painted.C.Itsadequately听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.Movie fans.B.News reporters.C.College students.18.When did the speaker take Engishlclasses?wwnA.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he was 15 years o

9、ld.19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic.C.Hes grateful.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.第二部分第二部分阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分

10、 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。-3-A AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautifulfl

11、owers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famousmonuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourWashington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(4 miles)Jo

12、in a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts andhistory at each stop.Guided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington,D.C.C

13、apital City Bike Tour In Washington,D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers and locals lookingto experience Washington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides willentertain you with the most,interesting stories about Preside

14、nts,Congress,memorials,and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration

15、 in the heart of Washington,D.C.Getup close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the NationalMall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tourincludes bike,helmet,and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflec

16、tive vests and safetylights.21.Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.-4-D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike

17、 Tour?A.Meet famous people.C.Visit well-known museums.B.Go to a national park.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safety lightsBGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morn

18、ing,butshe is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious andnutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes

19、for under 5 perfamily a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shesleant into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeawayrestaurant,she expla

20、ins.I pay 5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,because they are flour,water,sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes werenot aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.The eight-part series(系列节自),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITVsSave

21、 Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range ofhealth products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a differentfamily each week.In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some

22、delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms thefamilys long weekend of celebration withless expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.programme.-5-B.ShehasstartedanewC.She dislikes working early in the morning.her family.25

23、.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.She has had a light budget forB.He prepares food for her kids.D.He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.read

24、ers.C.Add some background information.discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there hasbeen less coming and a lot more going.When the the world was still populated byhunter-g

25、atherers,small,tightly knit(联 系)groups developed their own patterns of speechindependent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world hadjust five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started s

26、ettling down to become farmers,and theirlanguages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centres,trade,industrialisation.the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education.Especiallyglbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all ha

27、ve caused many Languages todisappear,and dominant languages such as EnglishSpanish and Chinese are increasingly takingover.At present,the world has about 6 800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugelyuneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages.Often spoken

28、 by manypeople while hot.wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200Languages:the Americas about 1,000.Africa 2 400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,ofwhich Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数)of-6-B.Provide some advice for t

29、heD.IntroduceanewtopicforB.Balancing Our Daily DietD.Cooking Well for LessC.Making yourself a Perfect Chefspeakers is a mere 6.000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer peoplethan that.Already well over 400 of the total of,6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with onl

30、y afewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150).Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu inAustralia(one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in hunter

31、gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patters.D.They were closely connected29.Which of the following best explainsdominant underlined in paragraph 2？A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people a

32、t present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031.What is the min idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC.Human development results in fewer languagesD.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think were a culture that g

33、ets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of somethingshiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they goout of style.Thats bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devicesconsume much more energy than the newer ones that do the

34、same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at theRochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each productthroughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.Thismethod prov

35、ided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Deviceswere grouped by generation Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined-7-1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVsentered homes in 2002,before tablets an

36、d e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.The living-roomtelevision is replaced and gets planted in the kids room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV inevery room of the house,said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose

37、fromfour per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old devices we continue touse them.According to the analysis of Babbitts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs withcathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution togreenhouse gas emission

38、s（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchersalso explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that servemore than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and

39、TV viewing.They found that moreon-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energyconsumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.C.They cost more to use at home.B.They are no better than the old.D.They go o

40、ut of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.C.The

41、 LCD TV.B.The tablet.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.C.Upgrade them.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)-8-B.Take them apart.D.Recycle them.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll

42、 always have in every room.A graspof how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a room thats full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax aftera long day?36,color is the key to making a room feel the way

43、you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approachthis important point.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere reallyonly three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones,themedium one

44、s,and the large ones.38.Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that most ofus use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensivethan buying a colorful sofa,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of bei

45、ngeasily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables orbookshelves39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have amore powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and

46、floors.Whetheryoure looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it aresignificant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever youre looking forC.If youre experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE.Its not really a good idea t

47、o use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分)第一节完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空

48、白处的-9-最佳选项。During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department wasoffering a freecourse,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I41the idea of taking the classbecause，after all,who doesnt want to42a few dollars?More than that,Id always wanted tolearn chess.And,even if

49、I werent43enough about free credits,news about our44wasappealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster,which45I would be learning fromone of the games46.I could hardly wait to 47him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this48wasno game for him:he mean

50、t business.In his introduction,he made it49that our credits would behard-earned.In order to50the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how weplan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and,52,to our lives.I managedto get an A in that53and learned life lessons th