英语五种基本句型结构讲稿.ppt

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1、关于英语五种基本句型结构第一页，讲稿共十九页哦二.主谓宾二、句型二、句型3：Subject(主语主语)Verb(谓语谓语)Object(宾语宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词,所谓及物动词，就是这所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例：词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例：1)Hetookmyarms.2)LiLeialwayshelpsmewhenIhavedifficulties.3)SheplanstotravelinthecomingMayD

2、ay.（不定式）她打算在即将到来的（不定式）她打算在即将到来的“五一五一”外出旅游。外出旅游。4)IdontknowwhatIshoulddonext.(从句从句)第二页，讲稿共十九页哦常见及物动词bat29.concentrate30.conduct31.confirm32.confront33.consume34.control35.convey38.cut39.damage40.debate41.delay42.deliver43.demonstrate44.deny45.deserve46.destroy47.determine48.develop49.discuss第三页，讲稿共十九

3、页哦50.dismiss51.display52.disregard53.disrupt54.distract55.distribute56.earn57.ease58.eliminate59.emphasise60.employ61.encounter62.enforce63.enhance64.enrich65.establish66.examine/exam67.exercise68.exhibit69.expand70.exploit71.explore72.express73.extend75.facilitate76.follow77.form79.foster80.fulfil8

4、1.gain82.gather83.generate84.guarantee86.handle88.hold89.ignore90.imitate93.impose94.improve95.increase98.lay99.limit100.lose第四页，讲稿共十九页哦101.maintain102.make103.match104.meet107.obey108.obtain109.offer111.oppose112.overcome113.overlook114.perform115.place116.play117.pose118.possess119.predict120.pres

5、erve121.prohibit122.promote123.protect124.provide126.pursue127.raise128.reach129.receive130.recognise131.reduce132.reform133.reject134.relieve135.remove136.repair137.repeat138.replace139.resist140.resolve141.respect142.restore143.retain144.reverse145.review146.satisfy147.set148.share149.shift150.sol

6、ve151.spend152.spoil154.strengthen155.supply156.support158.suspend159.sustain160.take161.teach162.transfer163.transform164.trigger165.understand166.undergo(经历)167.undertake168.utilise169.win170.withdraw第五页，讲稿共十九页哦三.主系表三、句型2：Subject(主语)Link.V(系动词词)Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状

7、态。这样的词有：be,keep,stay,remain,look,seem,smell,taste,sound,等。如：1)Thiskindoffoodtastesdelicious.2)Helookedworriedjustnow.(2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become,get,turn,grow,go等。：1)Springcomes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.2)Thetreehasgrownmuchtallerthanbefore.第六页，讲稿共十九页哦grow,turn,go变成，成为 1.grow常指逐渐地变成新状态，强调渐变的过程。growtall长

8、高；growlouder（声音）大起来 2.1)turn后面多接表示颜色的形容词作表语，也可以接表示天气的形容词作表语侧重指变得与原来截然不同。Themanturnedbluewithfear.Theweathersuddenlyturnedmuchcolder.2)注意turn后接名词作表语不带冠词turndoctor=becomeadoctor=makeadoctor成为一名医生3.1)go作为连系动词，通常与形容词连用，通常表示由好变坏或由正常情况变成特殊情况。gomad/crazy/blind/bad/hungry/wrong2)go也可以接表示颜色的形容词作表语Hearingthis

9、,shewentred.第七页，讲稿共十九页哦四.主谓间宾直宾句型4：Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Indirectobject(间接宾语)Directobject(直接宾语)这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。1)Herfatherboughtheradictionaryasabirthdaypresent.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。2）Theoldmanalwaystellsthechildrenstoriesa

10、bouttheheroesintheLongMarch.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。上述句子还可以表达为：1）Herfatherboughtadictionaryforherasabirthdaypresent.2）TheoldmanalwaystellsstoriesabouttheheroestothechildrenintheLongMarch.第八页，讲稿共十九页哦英语中接双宾语的动词awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.颁奖给某人bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人handsb.sth.=handsth.tosb.把某物

11、递给某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借给某人mailsb.sth.=mailsth.tosb.把某物寄给某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.将某物给某人owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物递给某人paysb.sth.=paysth.tosb.付给某人某物（钱）postsb.sth.=poststh.tosb.把某物寄给某人readsb.sth.=readsth.tosb.把某物读给某人听returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.把某物还给某人第九页，讲稿

12、共十九页哦英语中接双宾语的动词1.双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.拿某物给某人看takesb.sth.=takesth.tosb.把某物拿给某人teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.教某人某物tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某情况throwsb.sth.=throwsth.tosb.把某物扔给某人writesb.sth.=writesth.tosb.给某人写信sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物送给某人sellsb.sth.=sellsth.tosb.把某物卖给某人servesb

13、.sth.=servesth.tosb.拿某物招待某人第十页，讲稿共十九页哦2.双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词booksb.sth.=booksth.forsb.为某人预定某物buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.为某人买某物choosesb.sth.=choosesth.forsb.为某人选某物cooksb.sth.=cooksth.forsb.为某人煮某物drawsb.sth.=drawsth.forsb.为某人画某物fetchsb.sth.=fetchsth.forsb.为某人去取某物findsb.sth.=findsth.forsb.为某人找到某物fixsb.sth.

14、=fixsth.forsb.为某人准备某物getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.为某人拿来某物makesb.sth.=makesth.forsb.为某人做某物第十一页，讲稿共十九页哦2.双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词ordersb.sth.=ordersth.forsb.为某人订购某物picksb.sth.=picksth.forsb.为某人采摘某物preparesb.sth.=preparesth.forsb.为某人准备某物savesb.sth.=savesth.forsb.为某人留某物singsb.sth.=singsth.forsb.为某人唱某歌sparesb.sth.

15、=sparesth.forsb.为某人让出某物stealsb.sth.=stealsth.forsb.为某人偷某物3、有的动词后接的双宾语易位时，既可用介词to引出间接宾语，也可用介词for引出间接宾语，含义相同。如bring，play等：Bringmetodayspaper.=Bringtodayspapertoforme.第十二页，讲稿共十九页哦五.主谓宾宾补五、句型5：Subject(主语)Verb(动词)Object(宾语)Complement(补语)这种句型中的“宾语补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补

16、语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：1）Youshouldkeeptheroomcleanandtidy.2)Wemadehimourmonitor.3)Hisfathertoldhimnottoplayinthestreet.4）Myfatherlikestowatchtheboysplayingbasketball.5)YesterdayIhadapicturetakenwithtwoAmericans常见的动词有:tell,ask,advise,help,want,wouldlike,order,force,allow等。注意：动词have,make,let,

17、see,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：1)Thebossmadehimdotheworkallday.老板让他整天做那项工作。第十三页，讲稿共十九页哦接不定式作宾补的接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词个常用动词advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事asksb.todosth.请（叫）某人做某事bearsb.todosth.忍受某人做某事begsb.todosth.请求某人做某事causesb.todosth.导致某人做某事commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事drives

18、b.todosth.驱使某人做某事electsb.todosth.选举某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事第十四页，讲稿共十九页哦forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事getsb.todosth.使（要）某人做某事hatesb.todosth.讨厌某人做某事helpsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事intendsb.todosth.打算要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事leavesb.todosth.留下某人做某事likesb.todo

19、sth.喜欢某人做某事meansb.todosth.打算要某人做某事needsb.todosth.需要某人做某事obligesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事prefersb.todosth.宁愿某人做某事第十五页，讲稿共十九页哦requestsb.todosth.要求某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事trainsb.todosth.训练

20、某人做某事troublesb.todosth.麻烦某人做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事warnsb.todosth.警告某人做某事wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事汉语的“原谅某人做某事”，英语可说成excuseforgivesb.fordoingsth.汉语的“建议某人做某事”，英语可说成advisesb.todosth.汉语的“安排某人做某事”，英语可说成arrangeforsb.todosth.汉语的“要求某人做某事”，英语可说成demandofsb.todosth.汉语的“感谢某人做某事”，英语可说成thanksb.fordoingsth.汉语的“祝贺某人做

21、某事”英语可说成congratulatesb.ondoingsth.汉语的“阻止某人做某事”，英语可说成preventsb.fromdoingsth第十六页，讲稿共十九页哦接现在分词作宾补的接现在分词作宾补的16个常用动词个常用动词catchsb.doingsth.碰上（撞上）某人做某事discoversb.doingsth.发现某人做某事findsb.doingsth.碰上（撞上）某人做某事getsb.doingsth.使某人做某事keepsb.doingsth.使某人不停地做某事havesb.doingsth.使某人做某事feelsb.doingsth.感觉某人做某事hearsb.doin

22、gsth.听见某人做某事listentosb.doingsth.听某人做某事lookatsb.doingsth.看着某人做某事noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人做某事observesb.doingsth.观察某人做某事watchsb.doingsth.看着某人做某事seesb.doingsth.看见某人做某事stopsb.doingsth.阻止某人做某事preventsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事第十七页，讲稿共十九页哦a.主-系-表b.主-谓-宾c.主-谓d.主-谓-间宾-直宾e.主-谓-宾-宾补1.Thepaindrovememad.2.Herexplanationsoundscrazy.3.Shethrewhimakiss.4.Timeflies.5.Thecatcaughtthelittlemouse.6.Manypeopleconsidertheastronautagreathero.7.Hehasgrownveryold.8.Mikeishealthy.9.Architectsdesignbuildings.10.Sheofferedmesomecake.第十八页，讲稿共十九页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第十九页，讲稿共十九页哦