汉译英例句.ppt

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1、汉译英例句现在学习的是第1页，共46页TEM，：，：世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性成果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传明带来的各种阶段性成果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播文明的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观播文明的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。者。世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，世界上第三代博物馆

2、是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样他们可以观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学的奥妙。更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学的奥妙。现在学习的是第2页，共46页The first-generation museums in the world are natural ones,which show people the evolutionary history of the earth and all kinds of species of with fossils,specimens and the like.M

3、useums of the second-generation are those of industrial technology,which demonstrate the fruits of industrial civilization at various stages.现在学习的是第3页，共46页 Despite their contribution to the dissemination of scientific knowledge,these museums treat the visitors as passive onlookers.The third-generati

4、on museums in the world are ones full of completely new concepts.Here,the visitors can handle operations and make careful observations all by themselves,whereby they can 现在学习的是第4页，共46页 come closer to the advanced science and technology and explore their mystery._ TEM8 2001 Translate the following un

5、derlined part of the text into English.乔羽的歌大家都熟悉，但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人乔羽的歌大家都熟悉，但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说：“有水有鱼的地方大有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好的环境便会给都是有好环境的，好的环境便会给现在学习的是第5页，共46页 人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所

6、。”钓鱼钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说：康。乔羽说：“钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼抛到一边，使自己的身心得到充分忧心烦恼抛到一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。休息。”现在学习的是第6页，共46页 In his later life,Qiao Yu was fond of fishing.As he once said,a place where there i

7、s water and fish generally provides a good environment that can make one feel good.To me,the ideal places for fishing are not the cozy fishing gardens where hungry fish is in store,but the most fascinating natural places.”Fishing is a sport that modeled ones temperament and benefited ones 现在学习的是第7页，

8、共46页 health both physically and spiritually.As Qiao Yu put it:“fishing falls into three stages.At the first stage,one fishes to eat.The second stage is for enjoying the pleasure of fishing as well as eating.At the third stage,one mainly desires temperament.Facing a pool of blue water,one casts all w

9、orries aside so that his body and mind can have a good rest.”现在学习的是第8页，共46页 2002年：大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等，所以人们对于大自然，全部一致一律平等，所以人们对于大自然，全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，除草和栽花萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，除草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广

10、场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就沿传下来了。传说，风俗也就沿传下来了。现在学习的是第9页，共46页 Nature favors the rich and poor alike.Thus,all people depend on it,unanimously and profoundly.Especially in the countryside,people have been living a changeless life for thousands of

11、years:planting crops and grapes,brewing and drinking wine,raising and milking cows,weeding and cultivating flowers,going to church on现在学习的是第10页，共46页 weekends for prayers and religious services;playing the musical instrument,dancing and singing on the square during the holidays.The countryside of the

12、 past days remains to be the beloved homeland of today.Thus,each place has its own legend and subsequently,its customs pass on from one generation to the next.现在学习的是第11页，共46页 2003年 得病以前，我受父母的宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，得病以前，我受父母的宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上的一幢小房子里，我顿感打入了冷宫，拘禁在花园山坡上的一幢小房子里，我顿感打入了冷宫，十分抑郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚

13、，园中百花怒放，十分抑郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表兄弟，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋，一自己的哥姐，堂表兄弟，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋，一霎时，一阵被人摈弃，为世所遗的悲愤用上心头，禁不住霎时，一阵被人摈弃，为世所遗的悲愤用上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。痛哭起来。现在学习的是第12页，共46页 Before I fell ill,my parents doted on me

14、a lot.I could have my way at home.Once I was isolated and confined in a chamber on the hillside of the garden.I suddenly felt neglected and became very depressed.One spring evening,my parents held a banquet in the garden,where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.For a time,guests gathered there,

15、cheering and laughing.I quietly lifted the curtain of the 现在学习的是第13页，共46页 chamber and caught a glimpse of the wonderful and bustling scene in the garden.I saw my brothers,sisters and cousins were all there,radiant with joy.All of a sudden,I was possessed by the feeling of being abandoned.Stuck by th

16、e grief and indignation,I couldnt help crying bitterly.现在学习的是第14页，共46页2004:在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是愈趋于冷

17、静，吃完了这顿宴席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你如初到一个餐馆，开始第二，你如初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时又新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做举筷时又新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应陌生化效应”吧。吧。现在学习的是第15页，共46页2004 It is advisable not to be too romantic on inter

18、personal natters.Humans are peculiarly interesting.In their contact with a person,they tend to see nothing but his or her merits first.This is rather analogous to our experience of dining in a restaurant.At the beginning,when we take the starter or cold dishes,we are very much impressed.For the firs

19、t two main courses,现在学习的是第16页，共46页 we are also profuse in praise.However,we calm down as we eat on.After we finish the feast,all sorts of fault is found.Then we are no longer pleased but angry;we are no longer complimentary but complaining and fastidious;we no longer nod our satisfaction but keep sh

20、aking our heads.All this happens because,first,you were in a state of hunger at the time you现在学习的是第17页，共46页 began to eat.When hungry,one may feel even the taste of chaff especially delicious,but may not feel the sweetness of honey after his or her fill.Second,you have the sense of freshness when you

21、 hold up your chopsticks for the first time in a restaurant.A newly built toilet may smell good for three days,which may be called“the effect of strangeness”.现在学习的是第18页，共46页 2005 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难，但是，大体上衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难，但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、看一

22、个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。的估计了。古来一切又成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，古来一切又成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。现在学习的是第19页，共46页 How significant can ones

23、life be at all?Is there a criterion of judgment?Of course,it is difficult to come up with an absolute one,but a general look at whether he takes life seriously and how he treats his work and life will make it easier to duly evaluate the significance of his being.现在学习的是第20页，共46页 Throughout history,me

24、n with great achievements all treated their life seriously.While alive,they always tried to do more work and study,never allowing their youthful days to slip for nothing.Our working people through the ages as well as great politicians and great thinkers are all cases in point.现在学习的是第21页，共46页2006 中华民

25、族自古以来从不把人看作高于一中华民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此我们的苦闷基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强闷基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多，况中国古代素来以不滞于物欲望也小得多，况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为

26、物役为最主要的人生哲学。，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。现在学习的是第22页，共46页 We Chinese people have,since remotest times,never viewed man as superior to everything.We have assigned him not a role of absolute dominance over all things but a status of proportionate importance relative to them in the natural world,as manifested in our

27、philosophy,literature and art.For this reason,our sorrows are generally fewer and lesser than those of 现在学习的是第23页，共46页 the westerners,for the intensity of ones sorrowfulness depends essentially on the extent of ones desire and ambition.Inhabitants of the agricultural society are less entertained tha

28、n those of the industrial society,and correspondingly they have less strong desires.Whats more,in ancient China,the belief that one should not be held back or enslaved by material things was always the mainstream philosophy of life.现在学习的是第24页，共46页 2007 暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不

29、清哪里是流云哪里是水湾。一起，分不清哪里是流云哪里是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧人不见的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些生灵自由自在地享受了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。如着这个黄昏。这儿水

30、草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。如果走近了，你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单果走近了，你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。纯的表情。现在学习的是第25页，共46页 Right beside this gorgeous picture,a flock of sheep are hanging their heads in search of food by the riverside.Almost none of them have raised their heads to have a glance at the beautiful dusk.Perhaps,they want

31、 to make use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home.This is a scene of the Yellow River bank,where the shepherd has disappeared and现在学习的是第26页，共46页 no one knows where he is resting himself.Only these creatures are appreciating the dust freely.Here,the exuberant water and gr

32、ass have nourished them,with each of them growing very fat.When approaching,you will find their white teeth and rich but innocent facial expressions.现在学习的是第27页，共46页 正确选词是保证译文质量的前提。词的正确选词是保证译文质量的前提。词的 正确选择首先取决于对原文词义的确切理解正确选择首先取决于对原文词义的确切理解，而对原文词义的确切理解又取决于对原文，而对原文词义的确切理解又取决于对原文上下文的推敲。所以我们查词典时一定要注上下文的推

33、敲。所以我们查词典时一定要注意看例句，准确理解词的广义与狭义，语气意看例句，准确理解词的广义与狭义，语气的强与弱、褒与贬和文体色彩。的强与弱、褒与贬和文体色彩。这里用如下例句来说明这个问题。这里用如下例句来说明这个问题。现在学习的是第28页，共46页 他因为出色表现而受到表彰。He was praised due to his outstanding performance.一个艺术家通过作品表现自己的内心感受。An artist reveals his innermost feelings through his works.面试者对我的工作经历表现出极大的兴趣。现在学习的是第29页，共46

34、页 The interviewer showed a great interest in my work experience.他一有机会就表现自己。He is always trying to show off.反动派的暴行激起了人民的极大愤怒。The atrocities of the reactionaries roused the people to great indignation.(not anger)现在学习的是第30页，共46页 农业是国民经济的基础。Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy.(not farm

35、ing)他们讲唯心主义，我们讲唯物主义。They preach idealism whereas we advocate materialism.别了，司徒雷登。Farewell,Leighton Stuart.(not goodbye)现在学习的是第31页，共46页 翻译下列句子，注意划线部分词的译法。1.我们应该教育孩子们讲文明、懂礼貌。We should teach the children to be polite and well mannered.2.中国是四大文明古国之一。China is one of the four ancient civilizations in the

36、world.3.他的言谈举止很不文明，让我们感到震惊。现在学习的是第32页，共46页 We were shocked by the rudeness of their speech and conduct.这种情况必须改变。The state of affairs must change.现在情况不同了。Now things are different.他们的情况怎么样？How do matters stand with them.现在学习的是第33页，共46页 前面有情况，做好战斗准备。There is enemy activity ahead.Prepare for combat.他醉心于

37、医学研究。He is deeply engrossed in medical research.那个人醉心于名利。That chap is infatuated with fame and gain.人们传说他要出国了。He is said to be going abroad.对于这类传说不要太当真。现在学习的是第34页，共46页 Dont take such stories too seriously.这家商店由黄先生经营。The shop is managed by Mr.Huang.这家商店只经营高档服装。The shop only sells high-quality clothin

38、g.广泛阅读外文报刊有助于提高翻译水平。Extensive reading of foreign language newspapers and journals can help improve ones skills in translation.现在学习的是第35页，共46页 这一届学生的学习水平普遍比上一届要好。One the whole,this years students are better than last years in terms of academic performance.他原来是个聪明好学的学生。He used to be a bright and dilig

39、ent student.你不要跟我耍小聪明。Dont play your little tricks on me.现在学习的是第36页，共46页 汉英两种语言由于用词造句的规律不同，汉英两种语言由于用词造句的规律不同，因此在汉英翻译时需要在译文中增补一些原因此在汉英翻译时需要在译文中增补一些原文中没有的词语，有时又要省去原文中多余文中没有的词语，有时又要省去原文中多余的词语。需要增补的词主要有：代词、连词的词语。需要增补的词主要有：代词、连词、介词和冠词。需要省略的词主要有：原文、介词和冠词。需要省略的词主要有：原文中重复出现的词和范畴词，如常见的：时期中重复出现的词和范畴词，如常见的：时期、

40、任务、工作、情况、状态、问题、制度、任务、工作、情况、状态、问题、制度、事业、局面、范围等。事业、局面、范围等。现在学习的是第37页，共46页 海外侨胞常说：“我们的心永远向着祖国。”The overseas Chinese usually say,“Our hearts are always toward our motherland.”有人来电话，你就说我12点回来。Whoever calls,tell them I will be back by twelve oclock.请把这张表填一下，填完给我。Please fill in this form,and give it to me

41、when you finish.现在学习的是第38页，共46页 我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。We should gradually eliminate the differences between town and country.我们都知道边疆是很艰苦的。We all know that the life on the bother area is rather hard.结婚大办酒席，实在可以免去了。The custom of giving lavish feasts at weddings can well be dispended with.现在学习的是第39页，共46页 班门弄斧。S

42、how off ones proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter.我们能够去掉不良作风，保持优良作风。We can get rid of a bad style and keep the good.他的朋友们听说他的困难情况后，都伸出了援助之手。His friends offered him helping hands after they heard about his difficulty.现在学习的是第40页，共46页1.如果你想知道你有多富有，那就请数一数你用钱买不到的东西吧。If you want to

43、know how rich you are,just count up all the things you have that money cannot buy.2.理解是记忆的基础，背诵是说写的根本，重复是巩固的窍门，实践是升华的捷径。Memorization is based on understanding,recitation is believed the essence of speaking and writing,repetition acts as the knack to consolidation and the sublimated shortcut is paved

44、 by practice.现在学习的是第41页，共46页3.把复杂的事情弄简单了，非常复杂；把简单的事情弄复杂了，非常简单。It is the simplest to make simple things complicated;it is the simplest to make the simple complicated.4.生活是不公平的，要适应它。/时间是宝贵资源，成功只能来自对它的精心策划。Life is not fair but you have to get used to it.Time is a valuable resource and success only come

45、s from carefully planning it.现在学习的是第42页，共46页5.一定犯错误是个耻辱，但不把错误加以利用就更耻辱。It is a shame that mistakes have to happen,but it compounds the shame not use them to advantage.6.我不想睡觉，因为我知道在坟墓里有足够的时间睡。I dont want to sleep as I know I have enough time to do it in my tomb.7.哪里有困难，哪里就有解放军。Where there are difficu

46、lties,there are PLA men.现在学习的是第43页，共46页8.你的人生是否有意义，衡量的标准不是外在的成功，而是你对人生意义的独特感悟和坚守，从而使你的自我放出个性的光华。The measurement if your life is meaningful or not is not your worldly success but your peculiar insight into the meaning of life and your commitment to it,which add luster to your own personality.现在学习的是第4

47、4页，共46页9.人人心中有一台天线，只有你从天上人间接收美好、希望、欢乐、勇气和力量的信号，你就会永远青春永驻，风华长存。In the bottom of anyones heart,there is an antenna and so long as it receives signals of beauty,hope,cheer,courage and power from the world and the heaven,you are young and vigorous for ever.现在学习的是第45页，共46页10.名声、财产等等都是身外之物，人人都可求而得之，但没有人能代

48、替你感受人生。Fame,wealth and others are merely worldly possessions that within the reach of anybody striving for them,but your experience of and feelings about life are your own and not to be shared.11.努力还是不努力学习已不是个问题，因为我知道社会不相信眼泪。To study hard or not is not a question as I know the society doesnt believe tears.现在学习的是第46页，共46页