介词加关系代词与关系副词精选PPT.ppt

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1、关于介词加关系代词与关系副词第1页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject(主语主语)object(宾语宾语)attribute（定（定语）语）whomwhowhichthatwhose何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略第2页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一The Attributive Clause 2-Relative Adverbs第3页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一Learning Aims1.介词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句2.定语从句中关系副词的用法定

2、语从句中关系副词的用法第4页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一1.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用 which/that(指指物物),who/whom/that(指人指人)作从句中介词的宾语作从句中介词的宾语.而且而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dad is a person_ I can easily talk to.Is this the play _ you were talking about just now?介词介词+which/whom引导的定语从句引导的定语从句第5页，讲

3、稿共41张，创作于星期一2.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指指人人)或或which(指物指物)，且关系代词不能省略。，且关系代词不能省略。The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.I cant find the pen with which I was writing.介词介词+关系代词引导定语从句情况关系代词引导定语从句情况1第6页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一介词介词+关系代词引导定语从句情况关系代词引导定语从句情况1The man whom you spoke was

4、 a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin第7页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况The man you spoke was a scientist.The city she lives is far away.toin 2Are these two sentences right?whomwhichwhothat 在介词之后不能用在介词之后不能用who that第8页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一I saw the watch which you are looking?The old man w

5、hom I am looking is better.在在短语动词短语动词中介词不能提前中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?for after 第9页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一注意注意:在介词在介词+which/whom引导定语引导定语从句结构中，有时从句结构中，有时在其前可加名词，代词，在其前可加名词，代词，数词等数词等。如：。如：No one wants the room the windows of which are broken.(“的的”，所属关，所属关系系)The old man has three sons,all of whom are doct

6、ors.(整体的一部分或全整体的一部分或全部部)Last Sunday I bought several books from the bookstore,three of which were English novels.(整体的一部分或整体的一部分或全部全部)第10页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一(2)根据根据先行词先行词的习惯搭配来决定。的习惯搭配来决定。I remember the day on which I joined the Party.I remember the days during which I lived there.3.介词的选用原则：介词的选用原则：(1)根据定

7、语从句根据定语从句谓语动词，形容词谓语动词，形容词的习惯搭配来决定。的习惯搭配来决定。(2)This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.(3)This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.(4)The thing about/of which Mr.Smith was not sure(5)was the young mans honesty.第11页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一(3)根据定语从句的意义来决定根据定语从句的意义来决定Wu Song was the man by whom the tiger w

8、as shot.第12页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一第13页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts_whichyourargumentisbased.2.Thesong,_whichhewasinterested,willneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason_whichheoftencomestoschoollate.oninfor第14页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一4.Iwanttofindtheverypen_whichIwrotethatletter.

9、5.Theyarethestudents_whomourteachersarethinkinghighly.6.Itisimportanttochoosegoodfriends_whomyoucanshareyourfeelingsandthoughts.7.Itwillnotbenecessarytonametheperson_whomthecardbelongs.8.Iwouldalwaysliketodobusinesswiththosepeople_whomIcanrely.withofwithtoon/upon第15页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一1.Iwillneverforgett

10、heday_westudiedtogether.2.Thatwasthepenhewrotetheletter.onwhichwithwhichforwhich3.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?4.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?5.Thisistheheroweareproud.6.Therearethreethings_sheisnotsure.ofwhom介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习onwhichaboutwhich第16页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一5.先行词是先行词是the way，意为，意为“方式，方法方式，方法”

11、时，且在从句时，且在从句中做方式状语时，引导定语从句的关系词用中做方式状语时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/in which或省略或省略。I didnt like the way _she talked to me.（she talked to me in the way）The way _he teaches English is interesting.(he teaches English in the way)（that/in which）（that/in which）Pay attention to this sentence:I didnt like the way_ he to

12、ld to me.（he told the way to me）which/that/省略省略第17页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一关系副词关系副词：在定语从句中，当表示在定语从句中，当表示时间、地时间、地点、原因点、原因的名词作先行词时，的名词作先行词时，且且先行词在定语从句中先行词在定语从句中作状语作状语，应，应用关系副词用关系副词when,where,why.第18页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一关系副词的用法关系副词的用法 关系副关系副词词 指代先指代先行行词词在从句中的成分在从句中的成分When(=at/in/on/during等介词+which)Where(=in/at 等介词+whi

13、ch)why(=for which)表时间表时间时间状语时间状语表地点表地点地点状语地点状语表原因表原因原因状语原因状语第19页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一关系副词关系副词-when,where,why1.when 表示时间表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名的名词词（如（如:time,day,year,week,month,morning,evening等）等）,在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语when可换成可换成“at/in/on/during等介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。e.g.I still remember the day when(=on which)

14、I first came to Nanjing.My father was born in the year when(=in which)World War broke out.第20页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一2.where 表示地点，其先行词往往表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地是表示地点的名词点的名词(如如:place,room,house,hotel,school,city等等)，在从句当中作地点状语。，在从句当中作地点状语。when可换成可换成“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。如：。如：oThis is the farm where(=on which)we worked when w

15、e were young.oMy father was born in the place where(=in which)World War broke out.第21页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一3.why 表示原因，常用在先行词表示原因，常用在先行词reason 后后,表表示原因，在从句当中做原因状语，示原因，在从句当中做原因状语，相当于相当于 for+whichThere are several reasons why(=for which)the boys should be punished.Tom couldnt give the teacher the reason why(=

16、for which)he was late for school.第22页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一reason 作先行词时关系词的使用作先行词时关系词的使用Im not clear about the reason for which he did it.why he did it that he did it.先行词先行词 the reason for which why that 第23页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一The house where he lives needs repairing ThereasonwhyJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpin

17、gothers.ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.下面我们学习一下关系副词下面我们学习一下关系副词whenwherewhy的用法的用法第24页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一The house which he lives in needs repairing.The house in which he lives needs repairing.The house where he lives needs repairing Comparing and discovering第25页，讲稿共41张

18、，创作于星期一Thereasonwhy JimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers.The reason for which Jim was happy to help Mandela was helping others.第26页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一.ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.The day on which Mandela told me what to do and helped him was the happiest day for

19、 Jim第27页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一4.关系副词的用法注意点关系副词的用法注意点(1)当先行词为当先行词为time，表示，表示“次数次数”时，应用关系词时，应用关系词that 或省略。如：或省略。如：This is the first time(that)the president has visited the country.4.关系副词的用法注意点第28页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一(2)当当point,situation,case,position,stage,condition等词作先行词表示等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合情况，境地，场合”等等抽象意思时，其后常由抽象意思

20、时，其后常由where引导定语从句，引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：在句中作状语。如：oIve come to the point where I cant stand him.我已经到了我已经到了无法容忍他无法容忍他的地步了的地步了oWe are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我们正处在我们正处在可能损失一笔钱可能损失一笔钱的境地。的境地。Can you think of a situation where this phrase can be used?你能想到一种你能想到一种使用这个短语使用这个短语的情

21、况吗？的情况吗？第29页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一小结小结:关系词的选择关系词的选择1.找先行词找先行词2.先行词在从句中作什么成分先行词在从句中作什么成分（1）主语、宾语、表语、定语）主语、宾语、表语、定语-关系代词关系代词 状语状语-关系副词关系副词（2）先行词前是否需要介词）先行词前是否需要介词 要要-关系副词关系副词 不要不要-关系代词关系代词第30页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一关系词关系词及其用法小结及其用法小结关系代词关系代词指代指代在定从中在定从中省略否省略否 who whom whose which that 人人作作主主语语不省不省人人作作宾宾语语可省可省人人/物物(的的)

22、作作定定语语(+n)不省不省事事/物物作作主主语语/宾宾语语作宾语时可省作宾语时可省人人/物物作作主主语语/宾宾语语作宾语时可省作宾语时可省关系代词在定关系代词在定语从句中语从句中作宾作宾语时语时可以可以省略省略 that 关系副词关系副词指代指代在定从中在定从中省略否省略否 when where why介词介词+which作作时间时间状语状语介词介词+which介词介词for+which作作地点地点状语状语作作原因原因状语状语不省不省不省不省不省不省不可以不可以省省略略第31页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一辨析辨析which or where/when/why在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状

23、语还是还是作主语作主语/宾语宾语第32页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一which or where/when/why 1.This is the museum _ my mother worked 10 years ago.(worked in the museum 地点状语地点状语)This is the museum _ was built in 1950.(the museum was build)（museum 主语主语）在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语还是还是作主语作主语/宾语宾语wherewhich第33页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一2.July 1,1921 was the d

24、ay _ our Party was founded(成立成立).(our Party was founded on the day 作状语）作状语）July 1,1921 was the day _ we will not forget.（we will never forget the day作宾语）作宾语）whenwhichwhich or where/when/why在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语还是还是作主语作主语/宾语宾语及物动词第34页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一3.I remember the days _ I lived in my home town.(I lived

25、 in my home town during the days 作状作状语）语）I remember the days _ I spent with my grandpa.（I spent the days with.the days作宾语作宾语）whenwhichwhich or where/when/why在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语还是还是作主语作主语/宾语宾语第35页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一4.The house _ were going to visit was built a century ago.(visit the house)The house _ used

26、to be a temple is a school now.(the house used to be a temple)The house _ he used to live was flooded.(he used to live in the house)(which /that)which /that where 第36页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一5.A bookstore is a place_ you can get books.(you can get the books in the place)A bookstore is a place _ books are sold

27、.(books are sold in the place)A bookstore is a place _ sell books.(the place sells books)wherewhich/thatwhere第37页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一6.I cant find the card _ I wrote your address.(I wrote your address on the card)I cant find the card _ _ I wrote your address.7.The box _ he put his photos is gone.(he put h

28、is photo into the box)The box _ he is carrying is heavy.(he is carrying the box)wherewhereonwhich(that/which)第38页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一8.The hotel _ we stayed during our holiday stands by the seaside.(we stayed in the hotel)The hotel _ stands by the seaside is quite comfortable.(the hotel stands by the seas

29、ide)wherewhich/thatwhich or where/when/why在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语还是还是作主语作主语/宾语宾语第39页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一9.The reason _ he did it is not clear.(he did it for.reason 作状语作状语)The reason _ he gave to the teacher is unbelievable.(he gave the reason(宾语宾语)to the teacher)whywhichwhich or where/when/why在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语还是还是作主语作主语/宾语宾语第40页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一感谢大家观看第41页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期一