高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案第o0374期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案单项选择题(精选试题名师出品)1、are kept on the firm for their meat or milk.A. 200 head cattleB. 200 head of cattleC. 200 head cattlesD. 200 heads of cattle答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：该公司饲养了 200头牛以获取肉或奶。表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head,单复数同形， cattle牛”是集体名词,单复数同形，200 head of cattle表示“200头牛”。应选B。2 Genius is one percent and ni

2、nety-nine percent perspiration.A. collectionB. orientationC. inspirationD. resource答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B.orientation 方向；信仰;C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。根据and ninety-nine percent perspiration.“可知, 天才需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C.3、Not knowing what the future will bring har

3、dly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A. arguments. resourceC. performanceD. authority答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument理由；B.resource 资源;C. performance表演;D. authority当权者。根据for doing nothing.”可知,不知道未来会发生什么并不 是什么都不做的理由。应选A项。小提示:30、Lily, why dont join us for camping?Thank you, Jack. Its a ve

4、ry kind, but I have to finish my task.A. decisionB. promiseC. choiceD. offer答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一莉莉，为什么不和我们一起露营呢？谢谢，杰克。这是一个很好的提议，但 我必须完成我的任务。A.decision决定;B.promise允诺；C.choice选择；D.offer提议。根据上文“Lily, why dont join us for camping?z,可知这时一个提议，应选 D。31、You must read the on the bottle and take the right amou

5、nt of medicine.A. explanationsB. introductionsC. constrictionsD. instructions答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B. introductions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩;D. instructions 说明。根据句中“take the right amount of medicine/rT 推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用更数形式，表示“说明，说明书，符合句意。应选D项。32、Sometim

6、es a strong others attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A. passion for, adjustment todevotion to; compassion inB. fascination with; approach todesire for; lack of答案：D解析：考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A.passion for对.10的强烈爱好,adjustment to 对的调整;B.devotion to 致力于，compassion in 对的同情;C. f

7、ascination with对.的迷恋，approach to做.的方法;D.desirefor对.的强烈渴望，lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识, 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。33、Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangement答案:C解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B. tailor裁剪；C. guarantee保证;担保;D. a

8、rrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知,此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为在保修期内。应选C,Finding information in todays world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is usefulor not.A. contexts. challengeC. competitionD. stress答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A. context 语境，上下文；B. challeng

9、e 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.可知，如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选B。35、The coach has in his athletes.A. confidenceB. competenceC. convenienceD. expectation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对他的运发动有信心。A.confidence信心;B petence能力；C.convenience 方便;D.expectati

10、on期望。由The coach和his athletes可知，句子表示“教练对他的运发动有信心,have11 confidence in sb.是固定短语,意为“对某人有信心，应选A。36、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidates答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险

11、之中。A.representatives代表; B. operators经营者；C.generations世代；D.candidates候选人。结合句意，后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。37、Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.-OK, I will.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD. attention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。一一好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B. habit习惯；C. power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在

12、你的能力范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。 abHity意为能力，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。38、J.K. Rowling, the of Harry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB. hintC. posterD. author答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者J.K.罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B. hint暗示; C poster海报;D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知，JK Rowling是哈利波特的作者，用名词author, 意为“作者”。应选D

13、项。39、My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.12A. driverB. dancerC. teacherD. writer答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B. dancer舞蹈演员；C. teacher教师;D. writer作家。根据句中She teaches history very well可知，我妈妈历史教得非常好,因此她 是一名教师。应选C项。40、Citizens are braving the to get nucleic

14、acid tests as COVID-19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.A. elementsB. seasonC. factorsD. climate答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着新型冠状病毒在哈尔滨再次爆发，市民们正勇敢地接受核酸检测。A.elements 要素；B. season 季节；C. factors 因素;D. climate 气候。根据后文“to get nucleic acid tests表示勇敢 做某事”应用 brave the elements to 应选 A。41、The Great Wall is a great

15、tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attentions. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangement答案：B解析:考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。A. attention注意力；B. attraction 有吸引力的事物;C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。根据drawing millions of visitors every yea-可知，应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attrac

16、tion,意为“旅游景点使 应选B项。42、To solve the problem, the engineers tried out different, but none seemed to work well.A. approachesB. statementsC. ranksD. associations答案：A13解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A. approaches方法;B. statements陈述;声明；C. ranks等级；级别：D. associations协会；联盟。根据前文目的 状语To solve

17、the problem（为了解决问题）”可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。43、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approach答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个项H目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触：B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据access to （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选 Aa44、In a

18、, two or more speakers express two or more opposing views.A. challenges. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点。A.challenge 挑战；B. schedule 计划表;C. opportunity 机会；D. debate 辩论。根据后文“two or more speakers express two or more opposing views”提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相

19、反的观点，可知是在 辩论中。应选D。45 Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt答案：A 解析:14 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？ 一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀:B. record 记录;C. range 范围，界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文for happiness and a long life及Living

20、 every day to the full, definitely”可知，此处指秘诀应选 A 项。46、In the process of getting rid of racial, the USA is left far behind.A. discriminationB. compromiseC. substituteD. investigation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。Adscrimination歧视；B promise 妥协：C.substitute 代替；D.investigation 调查。根据空前的getting r

21、id of racial”可知,此处指摆 脱种族歧视，应选A项。47、Thank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A. senseB. effortC. attentionD. rescue答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我；否那么，我可能淹死了！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力；C. attention注意力；D. rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to ones rescue为固定 搭配，意为“营救某人。应选D项。小

22、提示：48、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的15一种装饰。A. analysis 分析：B. appetite 兴趣，欲望；C. incident 事件;D. apprec

23、iation 欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house”可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。49、- I have decided to take the entrance examinations to college.Wish you.A. a luckB. a good luckC. luckD. a success答案：C解析：考查名词的数。句意：一一我已经决定参加大学入学考试了。一一祝你好运。success表示“成功时，为抽象概 念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D

24、选项。wish you luck祝你好运。应选Co50、We waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C. sign标志；D. mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，signal意为信号，名词词性，符合语境。应选B项。51、If the temperature is below 0 C, water will turn into in the open air.A.

25、 iceB. steamC. fogD. rain答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果温度低于0摄氏度，水在户外就会结冰。A. ice冰：B. steam蒸气：C. fog雾;D. rain雨。根据常识可知，在户外，气温低于0度，水就会结冰。应选A。52、I hope my teacher will take into the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she my paper.16A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked答案：A

26、解析：考查固定短语和时态。句意：当老师在批改我的试卷时，我希望她会把我考前生病了这个事实考虑在内。account账户，解释，表达；count计算，总数。take sth into account考虑到，顾及，是固定短语；根据my teacher will take into”使用的一般将来时可知，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，应选A项。53、The to success is to make good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句

27、意：成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B. fountain喷泉；C. potential 潜力；D. document 文件。the access to.（.的途径）符合句意。应选 A 项。54、The ability to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.A. basesB. challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此

28、，她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础,基地;B. challenges挑战；C. benefits好处;D. strengths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众 多优点之一*, strength符合题意。应选D。55、 I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefitB. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：C 解析:17考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B.relief

29、慰藉；C. preference爱好,偏好;D. defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断,这是“我喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。184、During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Pauls Cathedral built many years ago.A. impressionB. panicC. resourceD. impact答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.impression 印象；B. panic 恐慌；C.

30、 resource 资源；D. impact 影响。根据句中the trip to London和St. PaulsCathedral可知，句中陈述的是“圣保罗大教堂”是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点，“impression意为 “印象，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。5 Weve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional.A. interests. attitudeC. competenceD. reputation答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直，专

31、业能力强。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知,Smith博士专业能力强。应选C项。6、In of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives.A. defendB. defendsC. defenceD. defending答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：为了保卫祖国，许多人献出了生命。固定短语in defence。片保护，为了保卫，后常接名词 作宾语。应选C项。7、 I want to k

32、now the sporting that catch the peoples attention in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasion答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在中国引起人们关注的体育赛事。A.accident意外、意外事故；B.event 大事、公开活动、比赛工程；C.incident事故、事件；D.occasion场合。分析句子可知，本句所谈到的是体育 赛事、体育活动，应选B。8、Our class held a fierce as to whether to reduce the amount o

33、f homework or not.A. bargainB. contestC. debateD. campaign答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们班就是否减少家庭作业进行了激烈的辩论。A. bargain减价品，廉价货；B.contest比赛,竞赛;C. debate辩论，讨论;D. campaign侑计划的）活动，运动。根据主语为Our class（我们班）” 以及后文“whether to reduce the amount of homework or not（是否要减少作业量）”可知，此处应是一场班级内部 的辩论。应选C项。9、 Its a pity that her su

34、ggestion met with.A. rejectionB. expectationC. distinctionD. cooperation答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:太遗憾了，她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对;B.expectation期待;C.distinction差异；D.cooperation合作。根据lt，s a pity that可知建议遭到反对。应选A。10、I want to buy as a birthday gift for my sister.A. some jewelB. a piece of jewelC. a jewelleryD. a p

35、iece of jewellery答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我想买一件珠宝作为我妹妹的生日礼物。jewel指宝石，珍宝，一般指的仅仅是宝石； jewellery珠宝首饰，侧重指首饰，为不可数名词，表示一件珠宝应用a piece of jewellery。应选D。11、People who do not smoke have less of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.A. potentials. causeC. hopeD. choice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:不吸烟的人比吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性小。A. po

36、tential可能性；潜在性；B. cause 原因；C.hope希望；D. choice选择。结合语境可知，句中将“不吸烟的人与“吸烟的人在患肺癌方面的可能 性（大小）方面进行了比拟。have potential of doing sth,固定短语，意为有做某事的可能性，符合语境搭 配。应选A项。12、They certainly need a of the fundamentals of playing their instruments, but learning to collaboraterequires understanding how these roles work toge

37、ther.A. stabilityB. graspC. acknowledgementD. manner答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们当然需要掌握演奏乐器的基本知识，但学会合作需要理解这些角色是如何协 同工作的。A. stability坚定；B. grasp掌握、领会；C. acknowledgement成认;D. manner举止。根据空后的“of the fundamentals of playing theihnstruments”可知此处用 a grasp of 表示掌握，应选 B。13、Im writing to ask you to do me a.A. trunkB.

38、 favourC. conceptD. counter答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写信是想请你帮我一个忙。A. trunk树干；B. favour帮助；C. concept概念；D. counter 柜台。根据上文Im writing to ask you to do me a”指帮某人一个忙，应用 do sb. a favouro 应选 Bo14、After a careful survey, the hurricane of the house, which was not that severe, compared withneighboring ones, was asse

39、ssed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.A. effectsB. damageC. ruinsD. crash答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细的调查，飓风对这所房子的破坏，与邻近的房子相比并不严重，估计为1000 美元。A. effects 影响;B. damage 损害、损坏；C. ruins 废墟；D. crash 撞车。根据was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars”可知此处在评估飓风对这所房子的破坏程度，应选8。15、Its not necessary to buy any special. Just a

40、 pair of good running shoes will do.A. entertainmentB. announcementC. equipmentD. disappointment答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了。A.entertainment娱乐； B.announcement 公告；C.equipment 设备；D.disappointment 失望。由“Just a pair of good running shoes will do/, 可知，句子说“不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了”，因此空格处是“设备，即equi

41、pment,应选 Co16、While the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was under construction, how to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top.A. concernsB. trendsC. characteristicsD. preferences答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管青藏铁路在建设中，但是如何保护脆弱的生态环境列在了最大的担忧之列。A. concerns担忧；B. trends潮流；C. characteristics特征；D. preferences偏好。根据常识

42、可知,对生态环境的破 坏问题是公众所担忧的问题，只有A项符合语义逻辑，应选A项。17、In the of proof, the police could not take action against the man.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. failure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有证据的情况下，警方不能对那个人采取行动。A. lack缺少，多用于缺乏信 心、经验缺乏等场景；B. shortage短缺，指缺乏，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或己知应有的数量；C.absence缺席，指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场；D.faW

43、re失败。根据后文“of proof, the police could not take action against the man”表示事物根本不存在或完全短缺,应用 absence,应选 C。18、The lucky man had a narrow in series of accidents the other day.A. escapeB. claimC. lackD. limit答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，这个幸运的人在一系列事故中死里逃生。A. escape逃离；B. claim声称；C. lack缺乏；D. limit限制。根据lucky man,此处描述

44、男人是幸运的，所以是男人逃离了事故，A项符合句意, 应选A项。19、We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.A. distributionB. possessionC. professionD. platform答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distribution分布，分发;possession 拥有,持有;C. profession 职业;D. platform 平台。结合空后的throughout t

45、he country可知,此 处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。20、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualifications. preferenceC. expectationD. blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.preference偏爱；（expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo21、Some cyclists m

46、ake the that traffic laws do not them. It is not true, though.A. assumption; apply toB. thought; apply toassuming; apply forD. idea; apply for答案：A解析：考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.assumption 认为；apply to 适用;B. thought 想法;apply to 适用；C. assuming 认为（动名词）；apply for 申 请；D. idea想法；applyfor申

47、请。根据句意，第空应填名词assumption认为作宾语，that引导的同位语从 句对其进行解释说明；第二空，表示适用为固定短语apply t。应选A。22、Through that “window of the soul”, the eye, I can only see through my fingertips the of a face.A. criticismB. outlineC. gentlenessD. pace答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过灵魂之窗的眼睛，我只能通过指尖看到”一张脸的轮廓。A.criticism批评；B. outline轮廓；C.gentlenes

48、s温柔；D. pace节奏。分析句意可知，此空意为轮廓，名词outline意为轮廓， see为及物动词，后接名词outline作宾语。应选B项。23、No, no injuries.A. deadB. deathC. deathsD. dying答案：C解析: 考查名词。句意：没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的；B. death死亡；C. deaths死亡（复数）；D. dying临死的0分 析句子可知，no为形容词，意为（一个也）没有，后接名词，“death意为“死亡”，为可数名词，根据句中 injuries”可知，空格处应用death的复数形式deaths”。应选C项。24、 We may mee