修辞手法移就TransferredEpithet.ppt

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1、Transferred Epithet(移就),Definition：A transferred epithet is，as its name implies, a figure of speech where an epithet( an adjective or descriptive phrase )is transferred from the none it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really belong. Generally, the epithet is transferred from a

2、person to a thing or idea.,Transferred Epithet,移就,Transferred Epithet是英语中常用的一种修辞格，汉译“移就修饰”，亦称“转移修饰”，“移位修饰”或简称“移就”。这种修辞格一是把本来应该用来修饰甲事物性质或状态的词用来修饰了乙事物，转个弯子击表示甲事物给人的感觉。在现代英语中，最常见的是把本来用以修饰人的词组甩来修饰事物。二是从形式上看，修饰语修饰的是某个中心名词，然而在意义上，修饰语中的名词却是被修饰的对象。,（一）Definition Transferred epithet is a figure of speech whe

3、re an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really belong. （二）The classification of transferred epithet Group1: adj.+ sb. adj.+ sth. A knife used by a murderous villain A murderous（杀气） knife Those days when I fe

4、lt purposeless Those purposeless days The big man crashed down on a protesting chair. 这个大个子一屁股坐了下来，椅子吱嘎噶地响，好像发出抗议声。 The sailors swarmed into a laughing and cheering ring around the two man. 水手们蜂拥而至，汇成欢笑与欢呼的一圈，把那两人围在中间。 The sailors，laughing and cheering ，surrounded the two man in a ring.,Group2:adj.+

5、 sth. adj.+another thing The white silence seemed to sneer, and a great fear came upon him. 寂静的茫茫雪野好像在冷笑，一阵恐惧朝他袭来。 The white silencethe boundless fields covered with snow was silent White fox/ shoes/silk/clouds His stories achieved nothing but cheap laughs.他的故事仅仅赚了点廉价的笑声。 Letting that goal in was an

6、 expensive mistake. It cost us the championship. Group3: adj.+ sth. adj.+ sb. He is not an easy writer. The child was noisy in the morning. Peaceful people are not violent.,(三)The characteristics of Transferred Epithet 1 It relies on the deep structure of the sentence. It is illogical（不合逻辑的） and unr

7、easonable in surface structure but reasonable and just in deep structure. Eg. The thief made a trembling（恐惧的、焦虑的） confession of his wrong doing. 2 There is a close relationship between the transferred epithet and the modified word. Eg. The big man crashed down on a protesting（抗议的） chair. 3Transferre

8、d epithet is suitable for the new context. Eg. After several acid（酸的） years. She broke up with the man.（和某人绝交）,The logic relations between the transferred epithet and modified words. （1）Causal relation(因果) Puzzled frown 因困惑而皱眉 Delighted smile 因高兴而微笑 Terrified despair 由于恐惧而感到绝望 Thoughtful silence 因沉思

9、而沉默 Ignorant nonsense 由于无知而胡说 （2）Coordinate or parallel relation(平行或并列关系) She sat there with embarrassed delight. 她坐在那里，即尴尬又高兴。 We listened with smiling attention. 我们一边笑一边注意地听着。 （3）disjunctive relation（纯修饰关系） Laughing eyes 笑眼 Sleepy corner 沉静的角落 A passionate throat 热情的歌喉,Examples,That was a stupid p

10、lace to keep your money. 你真蠢，怎么把钱放在那种地方呢？ I buried my head under the miserable sheet and rug, and cried like a child. 我一头扎进被单和毯子里面，像孩子一样伤心地哭了起来。 He said “Yes” to the question in an unthinking moment. 他对这个问题不假思索地回答“是” He passed a dreary thoughtful day. 他在忧郁和沉思中度过了一天。 The old man put a reassuring hand

11、 on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。 They prolonged the clasp for the photographer, exchanging smiling words.他们边笑边谈，以此延长握手时间，好让摄影师拍照。,什么叫移就,甲乙两项关联，就把原来属于形容甲事物的修饰语移属乙事物，叫移就。 移就是一种超乎常格的语言现象，也是词语搭配的创造性运用。 通过词语的移用，将人的情绪、状态同事物联系起来，不需要耗费更多的笔墨，极简练地把人的情绪、思想、性格鲜明地表达出来，或将事物的形状、本质突出出来，而且使语言出奇制胜，富于变化，饶有情趣。,移就的种

12、类,移人于物和移物于物 移人于物，就是把原来形容人的修饰语移用于物。 郁达夫还乡记中：“我女人经过的悲哀的足迹，现在有我一步步的践踏过去！”“悲哀”原是表现人的心情悲凉、哀伤，这里用来修饰“足迹”。 朱自清荷塘月色中：“叶子底下是脉脉的流水。”“脉脉”是指默默地用眼神或行动表达情意，形容人含情的样子，有“脉脉含情”“盈盈一水间，脉脉不得语”之词句，这里却用来修饰“流水”。 陆游过采石有感：“明日重寻石头路，醉鞍谁与共联翩。”“醉”的本是放翁，表现其情态，这里却移用于“鞍”。,移物于物，把形容甲事物的修饰语移用于乙事物。,如： 鲁迅纪念刘和珍君中把描摹颜色的“浓黑”用来修饰“悲凉”，表现“悲凉”的沉重浓烈： “我将深味这非人间的浓黑的悲凉” 峻青海滨仲夏夜中“晚霞”原不会“燃烧”，这里却把此词移用来形容“晚霞”的形态和色彩。 “西边的天空，还燃烧着一片橘红色的晚霞。” 李瑛一月的哀思中把描摹颜色的“苍白”同来修饰“日子”，表现“日子”让人伤恸： “我不相信，一九七六年的日历，会埋藏着这样苍白的日子。”,Thank you,