新概念英语第三册笔记第37课(12页).doc

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1、-新概念英语第三册笔记第37课-第 12 页Lesson37 The Westhaven Express 开往威斯特海温的快车New words and expression 生词和短语1. Express n.快车；a.高速的 （ad. 快递地 send it vt 1、表达 2、(想法、情感) 流露; 呈现）Express way 高速公路 / Express train快车 Special express特快 / express coach长途汽车express service快车 express post快件 express mail快件express delivery快递expres

2、s company 快递公司2. Punctual a. 准时的( = neither early nor late )Be punctual in doing sth在做。事方面相当准时-In the modern society, we must be punctual in what we are doing . Be punctual to the minute 非常的准时-He is a man who is punctual to the minute. 副词：Punctually反义词：Unpunctual名词：Punctuality ,pktjltPromptly adv.准时

3、地 prmptli 1、迅速地（quickly）；立即（immediately） 2、及时地；准时地- Hewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.ontime准时intime及时punctual（adj.严守时刻的, 准时的） pktul punctually adv.守时地prompt 1、引起、促使、推动、导致 to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happenprovoke 1、VN 激起；引起；引发 to cause a particular reaction or have a particula

4、r effect 2、 sb (into sth/into doing sth) 挑衅；激怒；刺激3. Condition vt.使习惯于(=Form a habit in)（习惯于 (以某种方式做事或思考) usu passive 使适应；以为条件）-Society has conditioned each one of us. 这个社会已经使我们大家都适应了。Be condition to sth-Each one of us has been conditioned to society.-the plants have been conditioned to the cold weat

5、her here. ( plant 做主语) -The cold weather has conditioned the plants here. (cold weather 做主语) 1) (专业或贬义)训练，使有反应condition to do stheg. The animals are conditioned to expect food at the sound of the bell. 被训练得习惯一听到铃声就想吃食物。 eg. People are conditioned by the society they live in. 人们都习惯于适应所生活的社会空间。2) to c

6、ontrol or decide 决定，取决eg. The amount of money I spend is conditioned by the amount I earn. 我花多少钱要看我收入多少而定。adapt v.渐渐适应adapt to 适应eg. It is hard for a person who lives in northern countries to adopt to octopus.adapt for 改编，改作（他用）eg. The original has been adapted for a soap opera. 原著被改编成了一部肥皂剧。eg. An

7、old house was adapted for a garage. 一间旧房子被改成了车库。adjust v. 调整，校准，以适应（to make small changes especially to its position to make it more effective）eg. My eyes havent adjusted to the dark yet. 介词toeg. The desks and seats must be adjusted to the height of any child. 桌椅必须调整以适应孩子们得高度。 settle in/settle into

8、适应，融入新环境（to become used to a new home, job, surroundings）eg. It took me 3 weeks to settle into life at college.n. 条件（情况，状态，条件）on condition that在条件下如果on no condition在任何情况下都不 (用在句首句子必须采用倒装)-On no condition must you be late. 在任何情况下都不能迟到。 in good/bad condition情况良好(不好)in condition 健康状况好（可以特指健康）out of con

9、dition 健康状况不好（可以特指健康）4. unshakable a. 不可动摇的 （坚定不移的）adj. 不可动摇的；坚定不移的 unalterable , unpersuadableshakable 可动摇的；可震动的；可摇动的shake ( shaking, shook, shaken, shakes ) vt. 动摇；摇动；震动；握手 vi. 动摇；摇动；发抖 n. 摇动；哆嗦 milk shaketremble 颤抖，发抖，指因寒冷、情绪变化、体弱多病而不由自主轻微地抖动。如：A poor old woman stood at the corner, trembling with

10、 age.shake 颤抖，颤动，指任何短促而急促的摇动，有时喻指对决心，信念的动摇。如：He was shaking with fear.(他吓得发抖。) Nothing can shake our determination. shiver 战栗，寒战，指因寒冷，恐惧或体弱多病而引起的抖动。如：The old man stood shivering in the wind-swept street.(这位老人站在寒风凛冽的街上发抖。)5. faith n.信任=strong belief/trust 深信不疑，信仰，信心 （n. 信仰；信念；信任；忠实）keep faith with sb

11、 对某人守信用put ones faith in sth对有信心on the faith of 在保证下，凭信用faithful忠实的，忠诚的；如实的；准确可靠的faithless不忠实的；无信的；无宗教信仰的词汇比较：faith 语气较强，深信不疑，有时也能仅凭感觉产生的相信。信仰(比belief 程度更重一些)belief 可信赖，可接受，普通用词，指单纯从主观上的相信，不着重这种相信是否有根据。 conviction坚定的信念，根据长期交往或实践，对某人某事有了认识和了解后产生的信心和相信，侧重其坚定性。trust 相信，依赖（强调相信、信任的完全可靠。）credit 语气最弱，着重以声

12、誉为信任的基础。 -I have full credit in your ability to do this job. 6. cancel v.取消 （to stop sth. planned from happening）事先计划好的事物 reschedulecancel an appointment -we have to cancel the appointment.cancel a meeting词汇比较：Call off 取消，解除 (可以替换cancel)Abolish 废除（to officially end a law, system especially one that

13、has existed for a long time） -The law was abolished. abolish racial segregation 废除种族隔离Rescind rsnd vt撤销，废止，废除 ,比abolish正式（非常正式的一个词，文件，公约常用）Write off 注销，勾销 -Write off the name. 注销这个名字。Cross out 划掉 -The word here is useless, please cross it out.deprive sb of sth 剥夺，取消，丧失eg. The criminal was deprived o

14、f his political rights.eg. The kid was deprived of parents in a train accident.7. exceptionally adv. 例外地 （异常地；特殊地；例外地）词根： exceptadj. exceptional 异常的，例外的conj. except 除了；要不是 except that 除了之外上节课学的：assuming 特殊的连词 conj.假定认为 assuming that considering that given that等prep.except 除之外8. dislocate dslket v. 打

15、乱(计划等) （本意是vt. 使脱臼（不能正常运转发挥功能）；然后，使混乱，扰乱）1) to spoil a plan, system, service etc., so that it cannot work normallydislocate a plan 打乱计划 dislocate a system dislocate service put a plan out of order 打乱一个计划dislocate business 破坏生意 dislocate machinery 2)to put a bone out of place 使关节脱臼eg. He fell from hi

16、s horse and dislocated his collar bone. 他从马上跌下而使锁骨脱臼了。9. blame v. 责怪 （vt. 责备；归咎于 n. 责备；责任；过失）1、归咎于Blame sb for sth 归咎于（for后加结果for something bad）blame the army for the chaosBlame sth on sth 归咎于（on后加原因blame something bad on sb/sth）blame the breakdown on the schedule2、责备，责怪 blame sb for sth/doing sth I

17、 do not blame them for trying to make some money.3、动词词组：该受责备 be to blame (for)（主动表被动）If their forces were not involved, then who is to blame?4、n. 责备，及引申出“严重或程度高时”的“(事故、过失等的) 责任” take the blame for 承担责任Im not going to take the blame for a mistake he made.10. consult v.请教，查阅1) to ask sb. for informati

18、on or advice as a professional who is supposed to know about it请教，征求意consult his doctor找医生诊治 consult a dictionary 查字典 consult a map 查地图2) to ask for someones permission or to discuss sth. with someone so that you can make a decision togetherconsult with 和商议 eg. Ill consult with my parents before I m

19、ake a decision.11. direct adv.径直地（without stopping or changing direction or without dealing with anyone else first）fly direct to Chicago 直飞芝加哥 contact the manager direct 直接与经理联系eg. Its usually cheaper to buy the goods direct from the wholesaler.directly直率地，直截了当地speak directly ask directly answer dir

20、ectlyeg. She seems to have something on her mind, but wouldnt speak directly.这两个副词都有“直接地”之意。direct : 指去目的地/人不中断，不停步、不绕道、直奔目的地/人。（直达目标物/人）The mayor goes direct to the people to listen to their complaints.（市长亲自深入群众倾听他们的怨言。）directly : 指抽象方式的“直接，正对，正面刚，直接干”以一种直接的方式。表时间时，指立刻，不拖延之意。 Ill be there directly.

21、（我马上到那儿。）另外：directly可以用作连词，表示“一就”，只用directly，不用direct。如：Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke. 我一进门就闻到烟味。high adv. fly high （物理）highly adv. speak highly of sb 对某人评价特别的高 （抽象）deep adv. dig deep into the earthdeeply adv. move sb deeply 深深地震撼或打动了某人12. odd a.奇怪的，异常的odd adj.1、古怪的（因为少见而奇怪）（不正常的或超乎预料的

22、，通常让人无法赞同或理解） 2、奇数的；单数的 （反义词even）strange adj.陌生的, 奇怪的（因为陌生而奇怪）（指不同寻常或令人惊讶的）queer adj.奇特的（因为不同于其它的而奇怪，程度非常之高） - Look, heiswearingaqueerhat. 2、娘儿们似的；妖里妖气的 （n.同性恋男）Fantastic adj.奇妙的weird 1、奇异的；不寻常的；怪诞的 a weird dream2、离奇的；诡异的（神秘或可怕） make weird inhuman soundsEccentric ksentrk adj. 怪癖的（- Heisaneccentricpe

23、rson.）13 reflect v 细想 (深思熟虑=consider carefully)深思vi Reflect on sth -Hes reflecting on his idea. We should all give ourselves time to reflect.Reflect upon oneself反省 -Sometimes we need reflect upon ourselves.第二种意思：反射，注意“映出倒影”-She looks at herself reflected in the water/in the mirror （常水，镜子）第三种意思：由反射出，

24、引申出“V-T反映出; 表现出; 显示出”（比如观点等）A newspaper report seems to reflect the view of most members of Congress. 国会多数议员的观点Deliberate 故意的，有意的作为动词V-T/V-I有“仔细思考和商议”的意思，及引申出第二个形容词意“深思熟虑的，从容镇定的”14. Advantage n.优势,长处Take advantage of sb 欺骗，作弄，占某人的便宜（不一定是性别方面的）（欺骗某人并利用）Take advantage of sth利用-We must take advantage o

25、f what we can use.Of great/no advantage to sb/sth 对。大有益处/毫无益处 -Smoking is of no advantage to you.To ones advantage =to the advantage of sb对某人有利turn sth to advantage 使发挥作用，充分利用（把什么变成优势，长处）eg. In seeking a good job, we should turn English to advantage.Have advantage over sb/sth（优于，胜过，比优秀）胜过某人，比某人有优势In

26、 terms of working experience, I have an advantage over him.give an advantage over （使某人）在方面比较有利eg. His university education gave him an advantage over those who had never been to college.词汇比较：Interest 个人的利益，好处-Its to your interest to give up smokingBenefit通过正当手段谋求的好处-Doing exercises will benefit us a

27、 lot.Profit金钱上的获利Good个人或集体的利益15. mighty a. 强大的，有力的（very strong and powerful）书面用语the Mighty King Kang Xi 康熙大帝mighty nation强大的民族super power超级大国high and mighty自高自大eg. People invariably hold those who are high and mighty in despise.hold sth in despise 蔑视2、adv. 很；极；非常 （美国英语，非正式）eg. Im mighty fine and dan

28、dy.3、n. 有势力的人（用的非常少）16. dawdle dd()lv. 慢吞吞地动或做或前进（磨蹭）（另有vt&vi. “混日子，游手好闲”的意思）Eg: Eleanor will be back any moment, if she doesnt dawdle17. chug tg v.咔嚓咔嚓的响（动画片里面的老式汽车）Vi （发动机缓慢运转时）(车辆) 发着嘎嚓声吃力地行驶Vt 一口气喝完 美国英语 非正式eg. The boat chugged out of the harbor at dawn. creak krik v. 吱扭吱扭，咯吱咯吱（门、木地板等）嘎吱作响）eg. T

29、he door creaked open and a boy slipped in.chuckle tk()l v.咯咯笑 cluck klk v./n. the sound made by a hen（母鸡）咯咯叫；（表示遗憾或不赞成）发咯咯声；用舌头发出咯咯声的噪音；大惊小怪）18. Lodge ld v.提出 =make a statement officially，to make a formal or official complaint, protest比make 更正式Make/lodge complaint提出抱怨lodge a complaint 提出投诉 lodge a p

30、rotest 提出抗议 lodge an appeal提出上诉lodge against sb/sth with sb 就向提出eg. Some parents lodged a complaint with the headmaster against one of the teachers.向校长提出投诉。eg. The criminal lodged an appeal against the sentence. 罪犯不服判决而提出上诉。charge v.charge sb with sth 指控犯有罪eg. He was charged with forgery and theft.

31、他被指控犯有伪造和偷窃罪。charge sb + money for sth 对收费 eg. I was charged $20 for a hairdo!accuse sb of sth 指责别人犯有错或罪eg. They accused the police of brutality.他们指责警察乱施暴行。eg. Dimitri immediately went to Alkos house and angrily accused him of stealing the plain of sth to sb 抱怨指责别人作了什么eg. She complained to me of her

32、 husbands indifference. 她向我抱怨她的丈夫的冷漠。indict ndat v.起诉，控诉，以罪被起诉indict sb for sth 以罪名起诉某人eg. He was indicted for fraud. 他被起诉犯有诈骗罪。sue v.控诉，起诉，提出索赔eg. He sued the other driver in the crash for $3000 damages. 他向车祸中的肇事司机提出3000英镑的赔款。lodge n.乡下的茅屋和茅舍hut ht n.小屋 a wooden hut 小木屋cabin n. 森林或山中的小木屋shed n. 小木屋

33、shanty nt n. 简陋房屋（(穷人居住的)简陋的小屋; 棚屋） shanty town 贫民窟shack k n. 简陋房屋（简易的棚屋）shanty and shack project 平房改造工程19. complaint n.抱怨 （怨言; 投诉）Complain V-T/V-I 向某人抱怨 complain to sb about sth/doing sth complain to sb of sth/ doing sth但是complain of还有“抗议”和“诉说病痛”的意思，complain about没有。complain of pain or illness 诉说 (

34、病痛) eg: He complained of a headache.20. triumph tramf n.胜利（an important victory or success especially after a different struggle）vi. 获得胜利，成功 All her life, Kelly had stuck with difficult tasks and challenges, and triumpheda triumph of design 伟大的设计a brave mans triumph over adversity 一位勇敢战胜不幸的伟大胜利conqu

35、est 指获取胜利或征服，把败者置于控制之下。victory 普通用词，主要指在战争、斗争或竞赛中获得的胜利，侧重艰辛与成功。sweep to victory 所向披靡triumph 着重胜利或成功的辉煌与彻底。success:（sth as a good result or effect, the gaining of what is aimed at）取得了好的结果，或达成了预想目标make a success of sth 把一件事情做成功21. asterisk strsk n.星号 （n. 星号；星号键 vt. 注上星号；用星号标出）astro- 星，太空(相关)astronaut

36、宇航员 astronomer 天文学家 strnm /star gazer (比较诙谐一点的说法) gaze 注视、凝视22. conduct v. 引向，引导 动词读作kndkt。名词读作kndkt。1、组织并实施 When you conduct an activity or task, you organize it and do it 2、指挥 (交响乐、合唱等)3、VN + adv./prep. 带领；引导；为（某人）导游； conduct sb to=led sb to4、传导 (热、电) Water conducts heat faster than air.5、VN + adv

37、./prep. conduct oneself(formal) 举止；表现to behave in a particular way（宾固为反身代词）He conducted himself far better than expected名词：1、进行实施 The conduct of a task or activity is the way in which it is organized and carried out. 2、（人在某地或某种情况下的）行为，举止execute, conduct, do, perform, fulfil这组词都有“做，执行，实施，完成”的意思，其区别是：

38、execute 指需专门技术熟练技巧去完成某种复杂的任务或表演等，也指用行动把计划或打算付诸实施或执行某项命令。（处决）conduct 和perform一样比较正式，二者意义相近，但conduct含指导、领导或监督等意味。do 最普通常用词，指完成某项具体工作、任务，也指完成某种行为或动作。perform 指完成困难较大、较复杂的任务。较正式用词。fulfil 指履行和实现所许诺的、所期望或要求的事情，含最终完成的意味。Text 课文We have learnt to expect that trains will be punctual.这是文章中的第一句话，大家一定要牢记它，并掌握这个句子

39、的主干：have learnt to expect that 已经习惯于期待-We have learnt to expect that all friends will be helpful in need of danger. After years of conditioning, most of us have developed an unshakable faith in railway timetables.全句译文：经过多年的适应，大多数人对火车时刻表产生了一种不可动摇的信念。(1). 介词of 后接动名词形式，意为：经过多年的适应.(2). Develop an unshak

40、able faith in sth.对于形成了一种不可动摇的信念。develop an unshakable faith in 对产生不可动摇的信心put ones faith in 相信，信任 /have ones faith ineg. My parents put good faith in me, and on no condition can I let them down.lose faith in/destroy faith in/take away faith in 对不再信任，失去信任eg. The public has quite lost faith in the gov

41、ernment after it failed to keep its promise of tax reduction.develop 发展，成长，培养，产生，得病eg. James has developed into a charming young man.eg. Exercises will develop your muscles.develop interest in sth 对慢慢培养出了兴趣develop a cold 患了感冒 develop a cough得了咳嗽 develop cancer 得了癌症timetable 时刻表table: a list of numbe

42、rs arranged in rows across 表格普通用词，一般指易于迅速查阅使用，具有特定编排方法的目录或表格。periodic table 元素周期表 ,prdk adj. 周期的；定期的chart n. 图表 （指把资料制成表格等形式供人看的图表）bar chart条形图 weather chart 天气图 sales chart 销售曲线图 flow chart流量图graph n关系图，相关曲线图（line to show how two or more sets of measurements are related to each other）diagram n.（a d

43、rawing picture that shows where sth is , what sth looks like or how sth works）多指科技书籍或文献中具有概括解说作用的图表、图样或略图diagram of the human body 人体解剖图 a circuit diagram. 电路图form 指上面印有横线或格让人填写规定内容的表格。 填写资料的表格-We have learnt to expect that parents are quite able, after years of pre-conditioning all of us have devel

44、oped such unshakable faith.我们已经习惯于期待父母总是能干的，经过多年的适应，我们每个人都已经养成了这样一个不可动摇的信念。-Most of us have developed an unshakable faith in our teachers.Ships may be delayed by storms; air flights may be cancelled because of bad weather; but trains must be on time. delay 延期 1、推迟（主动）(you do not do it immediately or

45、 at the planned or expected time, but you leave it until later) delay sth/doing sth They had delayed having children2、vt 延误; 耽搁 (make them late or to slow them down) delay sth/sb Can you delay him in some way?3、vi 拖延(you deliberately take longer than necessary) If he delayed any longer, the sun woul

46、d be up.hold up 耽搁 （举起，支撑，(在逆境中) 保持良好状况）block up在狭长的部位或空间不畅通了（to prevent other things from moving through a narrow space）eg. My nose is blocked up with this cold. 我的鼻子因感冒而不透气了。impede mpid v. 妨碍，阻碍（to prevent sth from happening in the normal away, or make it happen more slowly）eg. Storms at sea impeded our journey. 海上风暴阻碍了我们