宾语和宾语从句(7页).doc

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1、-宾语和宾语从句-第 6 页宾语（object）一 划出下列句子的宾语。1. We love China.2. I know him.3. 3 plus 3 is six.4. He likes swimming.5. He likes to walk after supper.6. I know who she is.宾语是表诉动作的对象。1. Give me a cup of tea.直接宾语 间接宾语 2.Her uncle bought her an English-Chinese dictionary yesterday.直接宾语 间接宾语 2. Mother cooks break

2、fast for us every day.直接宾语 间接宾语 1.We call her Luna.我们选他作为班长。 2.I found Chinese hard.跑步使他暖和。 3.The boy found his pen on the floor. 我们发现他在201房间。 4.In the country, he can hear birds singing. 老师发现一个学生考试作弊。5.Tell them to hurry up.我劝他不要这样做。 6.The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.我们这家商铺是开

3、着的。宾语从句1. I know him (简单句)主语 谓语 宾语2. I know who he is (主从复合句)主语 谓语 从句宾语 从句主语 从句谓语 宾 语1.他告诉我要尽快完成作业。2.他们被允许在教室里讲话。3. 医生劝我爸爸戒烟。4. 有人听到他们唱了一首歌。5. 他们给那个男孩取名为查理。6. 我们看见学生们在打篮球。7. 我觉得很奇怪竟然没有人能回答这个问题。8. 你会发现这幅地图对你游览英国是很有价值的。宾语从句种类（1）动词的宾语从句（2）介词的宾语从句（3）形容词的宾语从句 一动词的宾语从句1. 大多数动词都可以带宾语从句。1.I think that he wi

4、ll go to Poland next year.2.I dont know if there will be a bus any more.3.He said that he hadnt seen the film.2.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句1.I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.2. 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?3.动词短语也可以带宾语从句。常见的这些词有:make sure确保 make up ones mind下决心

5、 keep in mind牢记1.Make sure that the door is locked when you leave the classroom.(确保，务必做到)2. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误4.动词find, feel, consider, make, believe 等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 谓 形式宾语 宾语补足语 真正的宾语（宾语从句）我们都认为对这件事马上

6、做出决定很重要.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.我每天写日记成了习惯.5. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词主要有like, love，would appreciate(不胜感激), take1.I like it when it rains in spring.春天我喜欢下雨的时候。2. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说

7、话.二介词的宾语从句介词之后一般用wh-类的宾语从句1.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.2. 这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无

8、所知.I dont want to go; besides, Im too tire. 我不想去，再说我也太累了。Its too late to go to the cinema; besides, its beginning to rain.现在去看电影已经太晚了。再说又开始下雨了。三 形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have tro

9、ubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.Im very surprised that he failed the exam.Were happy that well visit the museum tomorrow.Im afraid that he wont come tomorrow.四宾语从句的引导词1. that引导1.We believe that he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。 医生坚持要我

10、戒烟。 从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。2. whether / if引导I dont know whether hell arrive in time. 我不知道他是否能及时到。I didnt know whether they liked the place. 我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。 我问她是否同意。 我不知道它是否够大。注意：if,whether在宾语从句中的区别 if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句

11、常用whether. whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether. （如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。） 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if. 3. 连接代词引导I dont know who whom you mean. 我不知道你指谁。 告诉我你喜欢哪一个。 你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。 你把它爱给谁就给谁。 你在说什么，你自己也不知道。 她要的东西得到了。4. 连接副词引导He asked why he had to go alone. 他问他为什么必须一个人去。 你身在福中不知福。 他知

12、道他们住哪里。 我们不明白他为什么这样回答。五连词that的省略问题引导宾语从句的连词that 通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去。I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。 六 宾语从句的时态。七 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:1)She s

13、ays that she is a student.She said that she was a student.2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She says that she has finished her homework already.She said that she had finished her homework already.4)She says that she can sing a song in En

14、glish.She said that she could sing a song in English.l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.He told me that Japan is an island country.Could you tell me是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。例：Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum?注意事项：由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。例：She said: “I have been to England before.”She said that she had been to England before.She asked me: “Do you like Math?”She asked me if I liked Math.