英语的语音、语调.ppt

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1、1 英语的语音、语调英语的语音、语调23Consonant clustersInitial sequences play/pry/climb/blow/bread/glass/fly/sky/smoke smile/snow/throw/three/stupid/splendidFinal sequences slept/fact/drugged/kept/cups/jobs/eggs/drives fields/jumped/shelves/films/closed/six/booked4 The GREENS will never agree to that. The Greens wil

2、l NEVER agree to that. The Greens will never AGREE to that. The Greens will never agree to THAT.5Example: coming letter beautifulreport myself forgetremember explosion modernization Word Stress6 Sentence stressIn a normal English sentence certain words are stressed and certain words are unstressed.N

3、ormally stressed are content words. Normally unstressed are form words.7Sentence stressExamples: 1. Janet has gone to the Bakers. 2. I saw your brother yesterday. 3. Would you like a glass of beer? 4. I must be going. My wifes waiting for me at the corner of the street. 8Stress gives a natural rhyth

4、m to spoken English. Rhythm9Rhythmvoccurrence of stressed syllables vat more or less equal intervalsvThe other syllables reduced or blended to accommodate the regular beat of the stressed syllables10 English tends to avoid having stresses too close togetherEnglish stresses tend to recur at regular i

5、ntervals.11 Stress patterns1. Sing a song.2. Id love to.3. Ive heard of it.4. I want to know.5. She asked me to go.6. I think it will be fine.12Example:Go homeGoing homeGoing back homeGoing straight back home Stress timed language13Example:A cup of tea Johns at home.A glass of water I can speak Engl

6、ish.A block of flats Id like some potatoes. The book that I want Ive been to France.Bread and butter We were leaving the house. Weak forms14Weak Forms The weak form or forms of a word are used only in unstressed positions. The weak forms of the words are of much more frequent occurrence than their s

7、trong forms.15 And 弱读bread and butter ladies and gentlemen16The average learner uses far too many strong forms;To speak English fluently， the phenomenon of weak forms must be properly understood and their use acquired17vPlease read it.v Please keep it a secret.v Eve is Peters niece.vDo you see the g

8、reen leaves of each tree in the field?vA friend indeed is a friend indeed.18See the breeze Teasing the tree,Weaving the leaves Or shaking them free.19 Tossing the fleece of sheep, that keepOn peacefully feeding, half asleep.20ChantsvA B C D E F G .vFather , mother and me .vC D E F G A B .vSing and d

9、ance under the tree!21A B C , follow me.Its easy as 1 2 3.1 2 3, A B C.Its easy as you see!22vA A A , say OK!vB B B, touch your knee.vC C C , look and see.vD D D , make a D.vE E E ,drink some tea.vA B C D E , come and follow me.23Father and mother,Help each other.Sister and brother,Play together!24v

10、One finger, one finger, turn, turn, turn.vTurn into a caterpillar, crawl, crawl, crawl.vTwo finger, two finger, turn, turn, turn,vTurn into a rabbit, jump, jump, jump.vThree finger, three finger, turn ,turn,turn,vTurn into a cat, mieow, mieow, mieow.vFour finger, four finger , turn, turn, turn,vTurn

11、 into a butterfly, fly, fly, fly.vFive finger, five finger , turn ,turn, turn,vTurn into a tiger, arwo.25I have one , you have one,Two little children see a big man.I have two, you have two,Four little children go to school.I have three, you have three,Six little children plant a tree.26重音节奏模式、重音模式、

12、节奏型vo OvI think he knowsvwe oughtvHe is.vo O ovI think so.vHe knows it. vWe ought to.27vO Ovtake outvput off vTry hard. vRead this.vLook out. vTimes up.vMake haste.vNext week.vWork hard.vGood work.vWell done.vThats true.vHold on.vAll right.vThats all. vNot yet.vPlease do.vOh, no.vYes, please.vNo, th

13、anks.28vO o Ovout of datevhard and fast vheart and soulvtake awayvput asidevTry again.vRead again.vLook inside. vNever mind.vWait and See.vLeave at once.Come along.Hurry up.Practice hard.Word by word.Try it out.Carry on.Let me see.Good idea.Ring me up.What a crowd.Quite a bit.Thanks a lot.29vO o o O

14、vTry it again. vRead it again. vLook at the book.vTake it away. vPut it aside.vLots to be done.vLend me a handvGet in the crops. vClear it away.vBring him along.vOnce in a while.vHardly enough.vNothing at all.vJust for a while.vDrop me a line.vSend it by mail.vRight over there.vNot in the least. 30v

15、o O o Ovthe latest newsva waste of timeva lot of noiseva better chancevI want to know.vWe thought it was.vHe told me this.vI think he will.vI think it is.vHe knows it all. vWe ought to know.vYoure late for lunch.vId like to come.vIm sure you will.vIll see you off.vIts hard to say.vIt doesnt work.vIv

16、e no idea.vOur time is up.vIt sounds so strange.31vO o O ovquite a lot ofvWait a moment.vLets get started.vWait a minute.vTime is precious.vLet me help you.vGlad to see you.vCome and help me.vGlad to hear it.vGo and get it.vJust imagine.32vo O o o O vI wanted to know.vWe left it behind.vHe told me t

17、o come.vI think he will come.33vo O o o OvI wanted you to know.vWe thought it would be fine. vHe told me he could come. vI think he will be there.34o O o O ovI think he wants to. vYoull get it later. vIve thought it over. vRepeat the sentence.vIm glad to see you.vYoure always welcome.vI hope you lik

18、e it.vId like to hear it.vI beg your pardon.vYoud better hurry.vIm very sorry.vIt doesnt matter.35o O o o O o ovI think that he wants us to. vYoull get it on Saturday. vIve thought the thing over. vRepeat it again for me.vIll borrow another one.vYoull get it on Saturday.vTheyve all gone on holiday.v

19、Its very unfortunate.vPerhaps youve heard of it.vLets open the other one.vThe price has gone up again.36o O o o o O o oI wanted you to write about them. Its not the one I borrowed from you. Its interesting to read about them. o O o o o o o O o She wants us to be there tomorrow.37o O o o o O o o oHe

20、didnt think it interesting.Remember what your teacher told you.I took it to a watch repairer.He didnt want to talk about it.38O o O o OCarry it away.Everything is clear.Follow my advice.Bring along your friend.See you in a week.Try to be in time.Come and have a look.Leave it on the desk.Cut it with

21、a knife.39o O o O o O o OI told him not to go away.He left the room without a word.I saw him standing all alone.They said they had to leave at once.40o O o o o O o o o OvI think it was an excellent idea.vThere isnt really quite enough for two.vThe bus is more convenient than the train.vThey finished

22、 it the day before she came.vWe havent got an envelope to match.vI shouldnt be surprised if she forgot.41o O o O o o O o o OvYou know we ought to discuss it today.vIts not what I wanted to ask you about.vI told you not to allow him to go.vWe havent got time to arrange for it now.42Your TurnvTake it

23、to them.vGive it to him.vRead it with me.vShow it to him.vStudy it with them.vHold it for me.vDo it for me.vGet some for us.vOpen it for me.vBring them to her.vLet me see them.Take them away from me.Where did you see them?Why didnt you give them to me?Go to him and tell him about it.Let me have a lo

24、ok at you.When did he tell you about it?43Nursery Rhymes and PoemsGood, better, best,Never let it rest,Till good is better,And better best.44Humpty Dumpty Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall. Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the kings horses and all the kings men Couldnt put Humpty together again. 45Jack

25、 and Jill Jack and Jill went up the hill To fetch a pail of waterJack fell down and broke his crownAnd Jill came tumbling after.Up got Jack, and home did trot As fast as he could caperHe went to bed and bound his headWith vinegar and brown paper.46Sing a song of sixpence Sing a song of sixpence A po

26、cket full of rye,Four and twenty blackbirds Baked in a pie.When the pie was opened The birds began to sing,Oh wasnt that a dainty dish To set before the king?47vThe king was in his counting house vCounting out his money,vThe queen was in the parlour vEating bread and honeyvThe maid was in the garden

27、 vHanging out the clothes,vWhen down came a blackbird vAnd pecked off her nose!48Pease pudding hot Pease pudding hot, Pease pudding cold,Pease pudding in the pot Nine days old.Some like it hot, Some like it cold,Some like it in the potNine days old.49Mondays Child Mondays child is fair of face. Tues

28、days child is full of grace. Wednesdays child is full of woe. Thursdays child has far to go. Fridays child is loving and giving. Saturdays child works hard for a living, But the child who is born on the Sabbath DayIs bonny and blithe and good and gay. 50Baa Baa Black Sheep Baa baa black sheep, have

29、you any wool?Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full!One for the master, one for the dame,And one for the little boy who lives down the lane.51Three Blind Mice Three blind mice, three blind mice,See how they run, see how they run,They all ran after the farmers wife,Who cut off their tails with a carving k

30、nife,Did you ever see such a thing in your life,As three blind mice?52Mary had a little lamb Mary had a little lambits fleece was white as snow;And everywhere that Mary went,the lamb was sure to go.It followed her to school one day,which was against the rule;It made the children laugh and play,to se

31、e a lamb at school.53And so the teacher turned it out,but still it lingered near,And waited patiently abouttill Mary did appear.“Why does the lamb love Mary so?”the eager children cry;Why, Mary loves the lamb, you know“the teacher did reply.54The Swing (Robert Louis Stevenson,18501894) How do you li

32、ke to go up in a swing,Up in the air so blue？Oh, I do think it the pleasantest thing Ever a child can do.Up in the air and over the wall,Till I can see so wide,River and trees and cattle and allOver the countryside.Till I look down on the garden greenDown on the roof so brown.Up in the air I go flyi

33、ng again Up in the air and down！ 55How do you like to go up in a swing,Up in the air so blue？_ Oh, I do think it the pleasantest thing Even a child can do. _Up in the air and over the wall,Till I can see so wide, _River and trees and cattle and allOver the countryside. _Till I look down on the garde

34、n greenDown on the roof so brown.Up in the air I go flying again Up in the air and down！ _ 56From a Railway CarriageFaster than fairies, faster than witches,Bridges and houses, hedges and ditches;And charging along like troops in a battle,All through the meadows the horses and cattle:All of the sigh

35、ts of the hill and the plainFly as thick as driving rain;And ever again, in the wink of an eye,Painted stations whistle by.57Here is a child who clambers and scrambles,All by himself and gathering brambles;Here is a tramp who stands and gazes;And there is the green for stringing the daisies!Here is

36、a cart run away in the roadLumping along with man and load;And here is a mill and there is a river:Each a glimpse and gone for ever!58vSeasonsvSpring is green,vSummer is bright,vAutumn is golden,vWinter is white.vYear in year out,vWe work and fight,vFor a new world, of red sunlight.v重音/节奏/语调v弱读v辅音连缀

37、v连读v失去或不完全爆破v语流好，发音好59 Do Re Mi SongLets start at the very beginningA very good place to startWhen you read you begin with ABCWhen you sing you begin with Do Re Mi60RainThe rain is raining all around, It falls in field and tree.It rains on the umbrellas here, And on the ships at sea. -Robert Louis S

38、tevenson61 Bed in Summer In winter I get up at night,And dress by yellow candle-light.In summer quite the other way,I have to go to bed by day. I have to go to bed and see,The birds still hopping on the tree,Or hear the grown-up peoples feet,Still going past me in the street. And does it not seem ha

39、rd to you,When all the sky is clear and blue,And I should like so much to play,To have to go to bed by day? -Robert Louis Stevenson62 Fall Rise /Fall-rise / Rise-fall / Four basic tune movements Example: 1.His name is Peter. (a straightforward statement)2.His name is Peter. (a polite question)3.His

40、name is Peter. (I dont believe you.)4.His name is Peter. (to convey certainty)63英语语调的基本要点v英语句子的音调从第一个重读音节开始，由高到低，依次下降。升降调的变化发生在最后的重读音节上。school go to school - Tom has started school. - Mrs. Smith drove her son to school. - - - . v如句子以重读音节结尾，用升调时即在该音节自然滑动上升，用降调时则在该音节自然滑落下降。64语调表达不同感情v-We must know our

41、 own history. Do you agree?- Yes, I do. (一般表示同意)v-（Enters the office）Professor Wang.- Yes? (什么事？ 亲切)v- May I borrow your camera?- Yes. (But its not here with me. 犹豫) v-You look very tired.- Yes. Didnt sleep a wink last night. (没精打采)v- May I have the next dance with you, Liu?- Yes. (热情，兴奋)65语调表达不同感情v

42、- This afternoon well take on the Russian Department in the semi-final. We will beat them！ -Yes! (狂热)v-Your son seems to be busy all the time.-Yes, busy with computer games. (讽刺)v-Are you free tonight?-Yes. (疑问)-Oh, I just wonder.v-We must take her to the hospital right away.-Yes. (急切)66语调表达不同感情v-Yo

43、u know our boss had a serious heart attack yesterday.-Yes, my heart bleeds for him. He just overworked, with all those banquets and women. (反话)v-Dont forget to take the medicine before you go.-Yes, Ma. Youve said it ten times. (不耐烦)v-Do you like the coat?-Yes, but its too expensive. (保留)v- So you do

44、nt like that movie.- Yes, I do! (强调)67升调的作用v表示疑问，惊讶v- I lost my bike.- Again?v比较客气的口气vOh, its very kind of you. Thank you!v句子未完，还不肯定、不完整、不独立vI bought a pen, a toothbrush, a basin, and some toilet paper.68降调的作用v明确、肯定、果断、干脆、完整、独立vToday everybody knows that the earth moves round the sun.vWe will move a

45、cross the river tomorrow. Thats an order!69长句语调vThis officer was standing across a small counter from a young white boy who was wearing a V-necked sweater.vHe had sandy hair, and I think I was especially aware of him because he looked more like a kid from a prep school than a customer in a bank.70长句

46、语调v“Ive already explained to you,” the officer told him, “that a fourteen-year-old is not allowed to withdraw money without a letter from his parents.”vWe all tend to regard as the center that special place where we are known, where we know others, where things mean much to us, and where we ourselve

47、s have both identity and meaning: family, school, town and local region could all be our center of the world.71vPhoneme-syllable-consonant clusters/loss of plosion-stress-words-liaison/weakening-sense group-primary stress-beat-rhythm-sentence stress intonation imitation the way they speak72vMaking up funny sentences to cover the confusables in one stretchvSentence patterns to cover synonyms and to reinforce grammatical structures: dead, died, Egypt, Egyptian, Arab, Arabian, Arabic, Saudi ArabiavChant教学73We wish you a fresh start in your teaching career.