英语公开课优质课件推选——英语被动语态.ppt

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1、Passivevoice,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,

2、had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,arewashed,by,hisbrother,everyday.,改为被动语态,TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinChina.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.,Footballisplayedbythem

3、onSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadebyusinChina.,EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.,你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,Helookedafterthe

4、littlebabyyesterday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Thelittlebaby,waslookedafter,by,him,yesterday.,Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwasta

5、kengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.,Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomo

6、rrow.,Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosontheplaygroundtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.,Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenontheplaygrou

7、ndtomorrow.,Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.,TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.,3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词,4AmycantakegoodcareofTina,Tinacanbetakengoodca

8、reofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,It

9、couldbedonebyJimyesterday.,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,EXERCISES,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toret

10、urnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Werema

11、nytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdo

12、ne,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,b

13、ythem,下列时态的被动语态构成Wehavefinishedourcompositions.,看一看想一想,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词,总结：各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在完成时：情态动词：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done,各种时态的被动语态构成,主动语态变被动语态口

14、诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。,何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：Mybikewasstolen我的自行车被盗了。,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissu

15、pposedthat,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaulTina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989,主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况:一、使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。1)Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.2)Wesawhimwalkintothebuilding.Hewass

16、eentowalkintothebuilding.3)Thebossmadethemwork10hoursaday.Theyweremadetowork10hoursaday.,makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowatchsb.do,bemadetodobeseentodosb.beheardtodobelettodobewatchedtodo,主动,被动,考点三含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态1)Someonegavetheboyanapple.(间接宾语)(直接宾语)Anapple(物)wasgiven_theboy.Theboy（人）wasgivenana

17、pple.2)Hisfatherboughthimapresent.Apresent（物）wasbought_him.He（人）wasboughtapresent.,to,for,givesb.sth.passsb.sth.sellsb.sth.makesb.sth.buysb.sth.,begiventosb.bepassedtosb.besoldtosb.Sthbemadeforsb.beboughtforsb.,主动,被动,【考点四】,lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeakto,belookedforbelookedafterbetake

18、ncareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento,不要漏掉介词.,Lilytookcareofthebaby.,ThebabywastakencareofbyLily.,主动,被动,小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时，不能丢掉其中的_。,介词或副词,中考挑战,历届中考试题小试身手,1Whatanicegarden!-It_everyday.AiscleaningBhascleanedCmustcleanDiscleaned2Thecomputers_tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.AaregivenBgivenCweregi

19、venDgave3ItisreportedthattheUndergroundLineNo.3_inNanjingin2016.AwillbuildBhasbuiltCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt,4.Theletteris_inFrench.Icantreadit.AwritingBwrittenCwroteDwrites5.When_thiskindofcomputer_?-Lastyear.Adid,useBwas,usedCis,usedDare,used,6.Thousandsoftreesoverthemountains_bythefarmerslastyear

20、.AplantedBwasplantedCwereplantedDwillplant,7.Themedicine_inadryandcoolplaceAkeepBmustkeepCmustbekeptDmustbekeep8.Thisdictionarymustnt_fromthelibraryAtakeawayBtakenawayCaretakenawayDbetakenaway9.Nooneknowshowthehugerocks_and_withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsagoAarecut；movedBwerecut；moveCarecu

21、t；movingDwerecut；moved,10.Lookatthesignontheright.Oh,parking_here.AdoesntallowBisntallowedCdidntallowDwasntallowed11.DidyougotoSamsweekendparty?No,I_.AamnotinvitedBwasntinvitedChaventinvitedDdidntinvited12.Thetelephone_byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.AwasinventedBhasbeeninventedCisinventedDwillbeinvente

22、d13.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,_toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBischosenCwaschoosingDwaschosen,14.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor_.AwaslockedBislockedCwillbelockedDshouldbelocked15.IwanttobeaChineseteacherwhenIgrowup.Thatsgreat.Chineseteachers_inChinaandsomeforeigncountries.AneedBarenee

23、dingCareneededDwillneed,16.English_inmanycountries,butChinese_theirownlanguage.Aisspoken,speaksBspeaks,isspokenCisspoken,isspokenDisspoken,speak17.Theskirtlooksdifferentfromothersanditisnice.Thanks.It_bymymotherlastmonth.AmadeBismadeChasbeenmadeDwasmade18.Thechildren_toswimlastmonthandtheycanswimver

24、ywellnow.AaretaughtBweretaughtChavetaughtDtaught,19.Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?-Alotofnewroads_,Ithink.AhavetobuildBmustbuildChavebuiltDmustbebuilt20.Jamesismyfriend.He_Jimforshort.AcallsBiscalledCcalledDiscalling21.TwentystudentsinthisUniversity_toAustraliatostudylastyear,andmorestudentsareexpectingtohavethechancenextyear.AaresentBweresentCwillsendD.send,Thatsall.,