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1、Period Using languageGrammar & Vocabulary Grammar(动词常用时态)课前自主预习观察句子，总结规律Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.People respect lawyers and you can have a good income.I have decided not to go to university. . you said that you wanted to be a professional soccer player. . you wi
2、ll have two options for your future.我的发现通过观察可知：(1)句使用了 ，表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态；谓语动词的构成为： 。(2)句使用了 ，表示经常或习惯性发生的动作；谓语动词一般用 ；当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用 。(3)句使用了 ，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在或表示动作已经完成；谓语动词的构成为： 。(4)句使用了 ，表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为： 。(5)句使用了 ，表示将要发生的事，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为： 。答案：(1)现在进行时；am/is/aredoing(2)一般现在时；动
3、词原形；第三人称单数形式(3)现在完成时；have/hasdone(4)一般过去时；did(5)一般将来时；will/be going to do精讲课时语法1.一般现在时(1)构成：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式。(2)基本用法一般现在时表示经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week, rarely, seldom, hardly, ever, never等表示频率的副词连用。I often read books in my spare time.业余时间我经常看书。一般现在时用于
4、描述主语的特征、性格、能力等。Mary is good at music.玛丽擅长音乐。He knows a lot of English.他英语懂得很多。一般现在时用于陈述客观事实或普遍真理。The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国的东部。在主从复合句中，当描述将来的事情时，主句用一般将来时，条件状语从句、时间状语从句和让步状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Youll make great progress if you work hard!你如果努力学习，就会取得很大进
5、步。一般现在时表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常限于表示“位置转移”的非延续性动词(词组)，如go, come, leave, start, begin, open, close, arrive, take off等，其后常跟有表示将来的时间状语。The train leaves at 7：25 this evening.火车今晚7：25开。Our summer vacation begins in early July.我们的暑假七月初开始。小说故事、电影、文学作品等的情节介绍、评论等一般使用一般现在时。新闻报道类的内容，为了体现其“新鲜性”，也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。H
6、arry Potter is set in the modern world.哈利波特以现代世界为背景。一般现在时常用于格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。2现在进行时(1)构成：is/am/are现在分词。(2)基本用法现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与now, at present, at this moment, these days, this week/month等时间状语连用。All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now. 同学们正在教室里复
7、习功课。These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.这些天我们一直在农场帮农民们干活。现在进行时常与always, continually, constantly, forever等表示频度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、责备、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。She is always thinking of others instead of herself.她总是想着别人而不是她自己。The boy is constantly asking such silly questions.那个男孩老是提这类愚蠢的问题。现
8、在进行时可以表示将来的动作，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。常与come, go, leave, depart, arrive, stay, start/begin, take off等动词(词组)连用。Mr Smith is leaving for Nanjing tonight.史密斯先生今晚去南京。The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.会议在下午三点开始。3现在完成时(1)构成：have/has过去分词。(2)基本用法现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果，常与already, yet, never,
9、before, so far, up to now等连用。I have already made a plan for my study ahead of time.我已经提前制订了学习计划。Have you finished your homework yet?Yes, I have already finished it.你做完作业了吗？是的，我已经做完了。现在完成时所表示的动作从过去开始持续到现在，也许还会继续下去。常用的时间状语有：for时间段，since过去的时间点，so far, recently, lately, this week, this month, this year,
10、 these days, during/in the last/past few years等。We have learned English for eight years.我们学英语八年了。He has lived in London since three years ago.自从三年前他就住在伦敦。注意：当现在完成时表示动作持续时，谓语动词应该使用延续性动词。He has left for ten minutes.()He has been away for ten minutes. ()他已经离开十分钟了。He has bought this book for two months.
11、 ()He has had this book for two months. ()他买这本书已有两个月了。在“It/This is the first/second . last time从句”与“It/This is the序数词或形容词最高级名词that从句”这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。It is the first time I have driven a car.这是我第一次开车。This is the most interesting film that he has made.这是他拍的最有趣的电影。现在完成时可用在状语从句中代替将来完成时，这时从句的动作要先于主句
12、的动作发生。Ill go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework.我一完成作业就去参加聚会。4一般将来时(1)构成：shall/will动词原形，be going to动词原形，be (about) to do sth.(2)基本用法shall/will动词原形，表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态，特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下临时决定去做的事情只能用此结构。I will/shall go to visit him next week.下周我将去拜访他。Tom was injured badly in the accident y
13、esterday.Oh, I didnt know. I will see him after work.汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。噢，我不知道。我下班后去看他。will动词原形，表示习惯性动作或未来的倾向。Wherever he goes, he will take an umbrella with him.无论到哪儿，他总是带着一把伞。Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水上。be going to动词原形，表示即将发生的事情或近期准备、打算、有迹象表明要做某事。What are you going to do next Sunday?下星期天你打算干什么？Loo
14、k at the black clouds！It is going to rain.瞧那些乌云！要下雨了。be (just) about to动词原形，表示即将发生的事，常译为“刚要，就要”，不能与表示将来的具体时间状语连用，但常与when连用。Please get everything ready. The experiment is about to start.请准备好。实验就要开始了。be to do表示按计划、职责、义务、约定要发生的动作。Who is to clean the classroom today?今天该谁打扫教室了？5一般过去时(1)构成：动词过去式。(2)基本用法一般
15、过去时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语，如：yesterday, last week, in 1949, in the past, a few days ago等连用。I graduated from No.1 Middle School three years ago.三年前我从一中毕业。I had two eggs and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning.今天早上我吃了两个鸡蛋，喝了一杯牛奶。注意：有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态时，也要用一般
16、过去时。如：Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it.再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没听见。一般过去时表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。She got up, washed her face, cleaned her teeth, had her breakfast and then went to work.她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后就去上班了。一般过去时表示过去一段时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often, usually, sometimes等表示频度的词连用。When I was a teenager, I pla
17、yed table tennis almost every day.我十几岁时，几乎每天都打乒乓球。Her father usually did some housework at home last year.她爸爸去年常常在家做些家务。一般过去时表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。I didnt know you were here. How long have you been here?我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时，表示过去将要发生的动作。He said he would not go if it rained.他说如果下雨他
18、就不去了。名师点津一般过去时与现在完成时的区别概念不同一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关，属于“过去”的时态范畴；现在完成时的动作虽然发生在过去，但强调的是对现在造成的影响和结果，属于“现在时”范畴。时间状语不同一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, two days ago, last year等。现在完成时往往不与表示过去的时间状语连用，而是多与before, already, ever, never, ever since, since, for时间段等连用。Have you seen my dictionary?Yes, I saw it on your
19、 bed yesterday.你见过我的词典吗？是的，我昨天看见它在你床上。.单句语法填空1The old man often (take) a walk after supper in the park with his pet dog following him.答案：takes2What did the teacher say just now?He said that the earth (move) around the sun.答案：moves3Listen! Who (knock) at the front door?答案：is knocking4Hurry up, Peter!
20、 The taxi (wait) for us at the gate of the hotel.答案：is waiting5His first novel (receive) good reviews since it came out last month.答案：has received6This is the first time I (come) to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed with its delicious food.答案：have come7I often (study) late into the night when I was
21、in Senior Three.答案：studied8Sorry, Helen, I (not know) you were here.答案：didnt know9Mary has been in hospital for a week.Really? I (go) to see her this afternoon.答案：will go10We are (meet) at the school gate at six in the morning.答案：to meet.单句写作1除非我亲眼看到，否则我不会相信你的。I unless I have seen it with my own eye
22、s.答案：will not believe you2哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。Columbus proved that .答案：the earth is round3在过去的三年里我经历了很多事情。I in the past three years.答案：have experienced many things4今天早晨汤姆自己做饭，因为他的父母不在家。This morning Tom because his parents werent at home. 答案：cooked by himself5我不能帮助你做家务，因为我现在在做作业。I cant help you with the hous
23、ework because I now.答案：am doing my homework Vocabulary1responsible adj. (对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的(P29)归纳拓展(1)be responsible for sth. 对某事负责任；是某事的原因be responsible to sb. 向某人负责任(2)responsibility n. 责任，义务It is ones responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任take responsibility for 为负责The pilot of the plane shoul
24、d be responsible for the passengers safety.飞行员应对乘客的安全负责。You are an adult now and you need to take responsibility for your actions.现在你是成年人了，你需要对自己的行为负责。It is your responsibility to look after the children.照看这些孩子是你的责任。单句语法填空Its your responsibility (inform) us of any changes.Cigarette smoking takes (re
25、sponsible) for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer.You can leave the children with Jane, and she is very responsible them.The storm is thought to be responsible as many as four deaths.答案：to informresponsibilitytofor2observe v. 庆祝，过(节日，生日等)；观察(P31)归纳拓展(1)observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程)observe sb. d
26、oing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事(2)observation n. 观察Do they observe Christmas?他们过圣诞节吗？The teacher observed that the girl was not listening and was lost in thought.老师注意到那个女孩没有在听课，陷入了沉思。The police observed him enter the bank with a short gun.警察看到他带着短枪进了银行。When I passed by his house, I observed him playing in the
27、yard.当我从他房子旁经过时，我看到他正在院子里玩。Art class help develop childrens powers of observation.美术课有助于提高儿童的观察力。名师点津在主动语态中，observe接宾语后跟不定式作补语时，要省去不定式符号to，但变为被动语态时，to不能省去。类似用法的词还有：see， hear， notice， make， have， watch等。单句语法填空The man was observed (enter) the bank by the police.I observed the bird (catch) by the boy.S
28、he observed a man (approach) her quietly.答案：to entercaughtapproaching3range n. 一系列；范围；种类vt. (在一定的范围内)变动/变化(P31)归纳拓展a wide range of 一系列；各种各样的within (the)/in range of 在可及的范围内beyond the/out of range of 超出的范围range from . to . 在和之间变化A wide range of colours and patterns are available.各种颜色和样式都有。Its beyond
29、the range of my ability.这件事超出了我的能力范围。The cat stayed well out of range of the children.这只猫离孩子们远远的。She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor.她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。名师点津range作“变动，变化”讲时，不用于进行时态。单句写作那个学生的兴趣广泛。The student has interests. 那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。The prices o
30、f the dolls range $5 $100. 他的理论在当时超越了人类理解的范围。His theory was human understanding at that time.答案：a wide range offrom; tobeyond the range of4apologise v. 道歉(P31)归纳拓展(1)apologise to sb. 向某人道歉apologise for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而道歉(2)apology n. 道歉make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事而向某人道歉I apologise for ha
31、ving taken too much of your time.我为占用你很多时间而表示歉意。I apologised to her for stepping on her feet.I made an apology to her for stepping on her feet.我因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。(1)单句语法填空Harry apologised his teacher coming to school late.I should make an (apologise) to you.答案：to; forapology(2)句型转换He apologised to me for
32、his delaying inviting me to his home.He to me for delaying inviting me to his home.答案：made an apology.单句语法填空1Ill follow him wherever he (go)答案：goes2Whats the terrible noise?The neighbors (prepare) for a party.答案：are preparing3You owe him an (apologise) for what you said.答案：apology 4A new cinema (bui
33、ld) here. They hope to finish it next month.答案：is being built5Im glad you (make) great progress so far. Keep it up and you must be successful.答案：have made6It is the most useful lecture that I (attend) since I came to this school.答案：have attended7The email she had looked forward to (arrive) yesterday
34、 at last and she was very happy.答案：arrived8Her speech made a profound impact everyone.答案：on9Is your father a teacher of English in No.1 Middle School now?No! But he (teach) English there ten years ago.答案：taught10No one is (leave) this building without the permission of the police.答案：to leave.句型转换1I
35、come to Beijing for the first time.(同义句转换)This is the first time that I to Beijing.答案：have come2He will come back in two days.(对画线部分提问) will he come back?答案：How soon3He has been in the army for 15 years.(同义句转换)It has been 15 years since he .答案：joined the army4What is Jack doing in the classroom？(用do
36、 his homework进行回答)Jack in the classroom.答案：is doing his homework5He often does his homework before school.(变为一般疑问句) his homework before school?答案：Does he often do.单句写作1有120名学生，年龄在10至18岁之间。There were 120 students .答案：whose ages ranged from 10 to 182这些故事讲来讲去无非是这样那样的不幸婚姻。The stories are all variations
37、unhappy marriage.答案：on the theme of3这是我第一次离开家人这么长时间。This is the first time that I for such a long time. 答案：have been away from my family4数年前，在我生日那天，我收到了一个朋友的一份礼物，这个朋友现在居住的很远。Years ago, I from a friend on my birthday, who is now living far away. 答案：received a gift5这首歌听起来很好听。我们上楼去看看谁在唱歌。This song soun
38、ds very pleasant. Lets go upstairs and see . 答案：who is singing6据报道，如果我们不采取措施的话，一些动物将在未来消失。It is reported that some kinds of animals if we dont take any measures. 答案：will disappear7我们力争星期五之前完成。We by Friday.答案：aim to finish8当夏季到来时，他们会邀请他们的学生采摘新鲜的蔬菜。When ， they will invite their students to pick the fr
39、esh vegetables!答案：summer comes课后课时作业An 80yearold man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45yearold son. Suddenly a crow (乌鸦) landed on their window.The father asked his son, “What is that？”The son replied, “That is a crow.”After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second
40、time, “What is this？”The son said, “Father, I told you just now. Its a crow.”After a little while, the father asked his son the same question for the third time, “What is this？”This time, the son said to his father in a low and cold tone, “Its a crow, a crow.”After a moment, the father yet again ask
41、ed his son for the fourth time, “What is this？”This time his son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again? I have told you already, IT IS A CROW. Are you not able to understand this？”A minute later the father went to his room and came back with a diary, whi
42、ch he had kept since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page.Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa when a crow suddenly landed on the window edge. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied him 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged hi
43、m lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I didnt at all feel angry, but instead felt affection for my son.If your parents reach old age, do not look at them as a burden, but speak to them gently, and be kind to them. From today say this aloud, “I want to see my parents happy forever. They have cared for me ever since I was a little child. They have always showered me with love. I will take care of my old parents in the best way no matter how they behave.”篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在故事
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