英语国家社会与文化知识学习进步基础学习知识入门基础上册第三版.doc

// 判断题 第一单元 1、Britain is no longer an imperial（帝国） country(T) 2、The Commonwealth（英联邦） of Nations includes all European countries(F) 3、1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity（种族）(F) 4、The stereotype（刻板印象） of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people(T) 5、When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes(T) 6、The Scots and Welsh（苏格兰和威尔士） have a strong sense of being British(F) 7、Scotland（苏格兰） was never conquered by the Romans（罗马人）(T) 8、Most people in Scotland speak the Celtic（凯尔特） language, called “Gaelic”(F) 9、Scotland was unified with England through peaceful means(T) 10、Wales（威尔士） is rich in coal（煤炭） deposits（存款）(T) 11、Cardiff（卡迪夫）, the capital of Wales, is a large city(F) 12、The title of Prince（王子） of Wales is held by a held by a Welsh according to tradition(F) 第二单元 1、Ireland is part of Great Britain(F) 2、“Ulster（阿尔斯特）”, referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom（王国）(T) 3、The capital of Belfast（贝尔法斯特） is a large city with half a million people(F) 4、Northern Ireland is significant（重要的） because of its manufacturing（制造业） industry(F) 5、The majority of Irish people were descendants（后代） of the original Celtic（凯尔特） people who inhabited British Isles（群岛） before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago(T) 6、Most British people are Protestants（新教徒） while most Irish people are Catholics（天主教徒）(T) 7、The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland(T) 8、Sinn Fein（新芬党） is a legal political party in Northern Ireland(T) 9、The Anglo-Irish（岗格鲁-爱尔兰） Agreement of 1985 guaranteed the loyalist（政府军） Protestant community（社区） their to decide their future in Northern Ireland(T) 10、The Good Friday Agreement（协议） was approved on 10 April 1998(T) 11、Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions（司法管辖区）: thatf Republic（共和国） of Ireland that of Great Britain(F) 第三单元 1、It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy（民主） in the world(F) 2、In Britain, the process of state-building（国家建设） has been one of evolution rather than revolution, contrast to France and the US（与法国和美国相比）(T) 3、The oldest institution（机构） of government in Britain is the Monarchy（君主政体）(T) 4、The divine（神圣的） right of the king means the sovereign（主权） derived（派生的） his authority（权威） from his subjects（主题）(F) 5、As the king in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute（绝对） power(F) 6、The term “parliament（议会）” was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons（封建贵族） and representatives from counties and towns(F) 7、Britain is both a parliamentary democracy（议会民主制） and a constitutional monarchy（君主立宪制）(T) 8、Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have(F) 9、Common laws are laws which have been established（建立） through common practice（实践） in the courts（法院）(T) 第四单元 1、In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances（情况下）(T) 2、Anyone who is eligible（符合条件的） to vote with 500 pounds as deposit（存款） can stand as an MP（国会议员）(F) 3、Each main party is given some time on national TV to “sell” their policies. The time is not given free and has to be paid by the party(T) 4、The amount spent in national campaign（运动） is not limited other than that on TV(F) 5、Secrecy（保密） is not an important part of the voting process(T) 6、There are two major national parties in the U.K. according to the text(F) 7、Liberal Democratic（自由民主） party is the newest of the major national parties(F) 8、Children from the upper-middle-class（中上层阶级） usually have a better education than those from the working or middle-class(T) 9、The majority of middle-class people today have working class parents or grandparents(T) 10、One of the distinctive features（独特的特征） about the British class-system is that it has also retained（保留） a hereditary aristocracy（世袭的贵族）(T) 11、The majority of Britain’s recent immigrants have mainly come from North Asia（北亚） and Caribbean（加勒比） countries(F) 12、Most immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants or becoming musicians(F) 13、The majority have problems of unemployment published its Household Energy Management Strategy（家庭能源管理策略）(T) 14、On March 2, 2010, the British government publish its Household Energy Management Strategy(T) 15、On December 27, 2009 the TN Climate（气候） Change Conference was held in Copenhagen(T) 16、According to the Kyoto Protocol（京都议定书）, the government has agreed that the UK will meet tough targets（艰难的目标） to reduce carbon emissions incrementally（增量） between now and 2020(F) 第五单元 1、By the 1880’s the British economy was dominant（主导） in the world(T) 2、Both the US and Canada overtook Britain in economy by 1900(F) 3、By the end of World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt（债务） in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amounts from the US and France(F) 4、Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies（殖民地）, especially India, which gained its independence in 1947(T) 5、In the 1970s, with the soaring（飙升的） price of oil and high rates of inflation（通货膨胀）, Britain went through a bad period. In 1979, the Labour party had to step down（下台） from the government (T) 6、The leader of the Conservatives（保守派）, Margaret Thatcher（玛格丽特-撒切尔） started a series of reforms. An extensive（广泛的） programme of privatization（私有的） was carried out, and she was successful in an all-round（全面的） way (F) 7、Tertiary（三级） industries include banking, insurance（保险）, tourism（旅游）, agriculture and the selling of goods (F) 8、Britain has a large sector（部门） of agriculture producing 11.6% of its national wealth (F) 9、According to the text, the tertiary（三级） industry produces approximately（大约） two-thirds of the national wealth (T) 10、The service industry in the UK employs 70% of the total work force (T) 11、As a member of the World Trade Organization, the UK is playing a very important role in the world trade (T) 12、The UK is the third biggest international investor（投资者） in the world (F) 第六单元 1、Much early British literature was concerned with Christianity（基督教）, and Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁-撒克逊人） produced many versions（版本） of the Bible（圣经） (T) 2、Beowulf（贝奥武夫） was a sea monster（海怪） killed by a Swedish warrior（瑞典战士） (F) 3、“The Wife of Bath（浴的妻子）” is one of the tales（故事） contained in The Canterbury Tales（坎特伯雷故事集） (T) 4、There was a general flowering of culture and intellectual（知识） life in Europe during the 17th and 18th century which is known as “The Renaissance（文艺复兴时期）” (F) 5、William Shakespeare（威廉莎士比亚） is a great poet and much is known of his life (F) 6、Keats, Shelley and Byron（济慈、雪莱和拜伦） brought the Romantic Movement（浪漫主义运动） to its height (T) 7、Robinson Crusoe（鲁宾逊漂流记） tells the story of a shipwreck and solitary survival（海难和孤独的生存） (T) 8、Writers of romantic literature（浪漫主义文化） are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with the power of reason (T) 9、Don Juan（唐璜） is an epic poem（史诗） composed by John Milton（约翰弥尔顿） (F) 10、Thomas Hardy（托马斯哈代）, the author of Tess of the D’Urbervilles（德伯家的苔丝）, was also a first-class（一流的） poet (T) 第七单元 1、The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy（读写能力） and the other basic skills but also to socialize（社交） children (T) 2、The state seldom interferes（干扰） with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught (F) 3、The enduring feature（持久特征） of British education is the continuing debate over what should be taught in schools (F) 4、The 1944 Education Act made entry to secondary schools（中学） and universities “meritocratic（精英）” (T) 5、Public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government (F) 6、British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government (T) 7、All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised（监督） by the government (T) 8、In Oxford and Cambridge the BA converts to an MA several years later, upon payment of a fee (T) 9、Independent schools get money mainly through the private sector（部门） and tuition（学费 ） rates, with some government support (T) 10、Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education (F) 第八单元 1、When the Second World War ended, Britain no longer was the largest military（军事） power in Western Europe (F) 2、The UK was awarded（授予） a seat on the UN（联合国） Security Council（安理会） in recognition（识别） of its contribution in setting up the United Nations (F) 3、According to the text, the most important single factor which influences British policy-maker is its history (T) 4、The Prime Minister and Cabinet（内阁） decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy (T) 5、The main government department involved is the Foreign and Commonwealth Office（外交和联邦事务部）(FCO) (T) 6、Britain is a parliamentary monarch（议会君主） (F) 7、There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth（英联邦） (F) 8、The British host a large American Military（军事） presence and there are 63 American military bases in the UK (T) 9、Britain is not a member of the NATO（北约） due to its disagreement with some European countries on defence policy (F) 第九单元 1、On an average day, an overwhelming（压倒性的） majority of Britons over the age of 15 red a nation or local paper（报纸） (T) 2、The British media play an important role in shaping（塑造） a national culture (T) 3、In the late seventeenth and early 18th century, as the British economy began to industrialise, and as literacy levels rose through the introduction of mass education, more and newspapers began to appear (F) 4、Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog（监管机构） of parliamentary democracy（议会民主制） (T) 5、The Advertising Code（广告代码） ensures that advertisements are legal, decent（体面地）, honest and truthful; have a sense of responsibility for consumer and society; and respect the principles of fair competition（竞争） (T) 6、It is incorrect to say that class and educational differences are reflected in the newspapers people read (F) 7、The Telegraph readers, for example, will be soft on crime（犯罪）, be quite feminist（女权主义） and interested in green politics (F) 8、The tabloids（小报） are smaller format（格式） newspapers with colour photos and catchy headlines（吸引人的标题）. They are often called “the gutter press（黄色小报）” (T) 9、The British Broadcasting Corporation is funded by licence（许可证） fees and viewers must buy a licence each year for their TV set (T) 10、The BBC（英国广播公司） World Service, the international branch of the BBC, broadcasts in English and 42 other languages throughout the world (T) 第十单元 1、The tradition of having Sunday off derived from（来自） the Christian Church（基督教堂） (T) 2、The origin of Bowling（打保龄球） lies in the victory celebration ceremony（仪式） by the ancient warriors (T) 3、Tennis（网球） is usually regarded as a winter and spring sport (F) 4、The game of golf was invented by the Scottish（苏格兰） (T) 5、The animal-lovers’ groups would like to have horse racing banned（禁止） (T) 6、Easter（复活节） is the biggest and best loved British holiday (F) 7、Christmas Pantomime（哑剧） is one of the three Christmas traditions that are particularly British (T) 8、It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing (F) 9、The biggest Bonfire Night（篝火之夜） celebration is held in London (F) 10、In Ireland, New Year’ Eve called Hogma除夕） (December 31st) is the major winter celebration (T) 选择题 第一单元 1、which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London? (D/The sports centre) 2、Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain? (B/Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales（威尔士）) 3、Which of the following is NOT True about Britain? (D/It used to be one of the superpowers in the world) 4、Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the EXCEPTION? (C/London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world) 5、The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by (D/William the Conqueror) 6、Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? (A/The Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁-撒克逊人）) 7、Which is the largest city in Scotland? (C/Glasgow（格拉斯哥）) 8、Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish（奇异的苏格兰） state in the century? (A/They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids（维京人袭击）) 9、Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? (B/In the Lowlands（低地）) 10、Which of the following statements is NOT true? (B/Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁-撒克逊人）) 11、Which of the following parties in Scotland still wants an independent Scotland? (C/The Scottish Nationalist（民族主义） Party) 12、When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments（议会）?(D/In 1701) 13、Llywelyn ap Gruffudd is not a simple historical figure for the Welsh. He is almost considered the legendary（传奇） hero of Welsh nationalism because (D/he unified Wales as an independent nation) 第二单元 1、In the 17th century the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because (A/they wanted to increase its control over Ireland) 2、In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland street. They came first (B/to protect Catholics（天主教徒）) 3、Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for (D/its endless political problems) 4、Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise（妥协） and organized a partition of Ireland in 1921, because (B/the British government intended to satisfy both sides-Catholics（天主教）and Protestants（新教）) 5、Which of the following statements is NOT true? (C/The Social Democratic（社会民主党） and Labour Party（劳动党） is a very important political party in Britain) 6、In the early 1970s, the IRA（爱尔兰共和军） (D/carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security force as their main target) 7、1972 was the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland, because (B/468 people were killed in Northern Ireland) 8、Why did the British government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with “direct-rule（直接统治）” from London? (D/All the above) 9、Which of the following statements is NOT true? (C/Margaret Thatcher（玛格丽特-撒切尔）’s government gave in to their political demand) 10、How many counties are there in Northern Ireland? (B/6) 11、Which of the following agreement is accepted by both Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland? (C/The Good Friday Agreement) 12、According to the Good Friday Agreement, Northern Ireland today should be governed by the following jurisdictions（司法管辖区） except (B/the jurisdiction of loyalist minist(部长)) 第三单元 1、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? (A/It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power) 2、Which of the following kings was executed(执行） in the civil war? (C/Charles（查尔斯） 1) 3、What happened in 1215?