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《全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4》第四册(Unit 1-6)课后练习答案
Unit 1 Text A
Key to Exercises
P14
I.
1. 1. alliance 2. at the cost of 3. stroke 4. limp 5. minus 6. regions 7. declarations
8. siege 9. raw 10. bide his time 11. have taken their toll 12. in the case of
P15
2.
1. is faced with 2. get bogged down 3. is pressing on/pressed on 4. drag on
5. get by 6. dine out 7. have cut back 8. get through
3.
1). lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.
2). has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’strike.
3). will/should never get in the way of her career.
4). caught the foreign minister off guard.
5). of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete.
4.
1) Being faced with, the occupation, regions
2).crucial to, efficient, to reckon with, weaken, be brought to a halt
3).a heroic, the decisive, turned the tide, siege, by launching
II.
1) During the First world war, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy tranches of France and Belgium .
2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.
3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.
4) Pnuemonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.
III. Usage
1) fall ill
2) lay dead at home for 2 weeks
3) dropped dead from a heart attack
4) fell asleep
5) marrying young
6) to sit still for longer than a few minutes
Comprehensive Exercises
1 text-related
1 invasion 2. stand in the way 3. Conquest 4. catching… off his guard
5. launching 6. declaration 7. campaign 8. drag on
9. reckon with 10. bringing… to a halt
2 Theme-related
1. allow 2. reckoned 3. highly 4. forecasts 5.rapidly
6. instant 7. delivery 8. advantage 9. observing 10. powerful
Translation
1.
1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.
2) We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.
3) Having been out of a job/Not having a job for 3 months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.
4) Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgement.
5) Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of population, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.
2. The offensive had really lasted 3 days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack.. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshand and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Lucky enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marshland freeze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered
Unit 2 Text A
Key to Exercises
P41
I.
1. 1. expansion 2. automated 3. Vapor 4. take control of 5. hazards 6. satellite
7. vibrated 8. magnetic 9. bunched 10. in the air 11. Got/was stuck in
12. approximately
P42
2.
1. send out 2. stand up for 3. pass for 4. were closing in on
5. starting up 6. went through 7. fill out 8. fall into
3.
1). incorporate all the latest safety features.
2). two trees ten feet apart.
3). awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm.
4). the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.
5). are correlated in all racial groups.
4.
1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to
2).that vibrate, can detect, frequency
3).lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard
II.
kilogram medical care
memorandum electronic mail
gymnasium communications satellite
liberation news broadcast
doctor sky hijack
veterinarian European dollar
preparatory breakfast and lunch
automobile television broadcast
influenza Oxford and Cambridge
III. Usage
1) swimming pool
2) drawing board
3) enriched Middle Engish
4) disturbing change
5) fully developed prototype
6) Canned foods
7) working population
8) puzzling differences
Comprehensive Exercises
A
1 computerized 2. start up 3. be poised to 4. alert 5. hazards
6. monotonous 7. take control of 8. steer 9. lane
10. decrease 11. calculate 12. eliminate 13. getting stuck in
14. mounted 15.detect 16. vapor
B
1. generates 2. related 3. revolutionized 4.enabled 5.opportunities
6. overall 7. manufacturing 8. dependent 9. interact 10. fatalities
Translation
1. There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.
2. The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems.
3. The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.
4. The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently.
5. The diver stood on the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.
Automobiles have, sine their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the
way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of the computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.
Unit 3
Text A
Text Organization 1.
Parts
Paragraphs
Main Ideas
Part One
Paras 1-6
An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview
Part Two
Paras 7-27
Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee
Part Three
Paras 28-31
Make your own tracks in whatever you do.
2.
Suggestions
Examples
1) Prepare to win.
1) Michael Jordan
2) Never stop learning.
2) a 90-year-old tennis player
3) Believe in yourself, even when no one else does.
3) the four-minute mile, the New York
Marathon and the Vietnam veteran
4) Find a way to make a difference.
4) New York cabdrivers
Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) rude 2) physically
3) structure 4) made a difference
5) blurted out 6) chuckling
7) measurable 8) prospective
9) preparations 10) sparkled
11) took a crack at 12) partner
2. 1) go after 2) look back on/at
3) be put up 4) stood for
5)build in 6) follow up
7) be hooked up to 8) closed up
3. 1) Marys parents grilled her about where she had been all night.
2) …it was beyond Cinderella’s wildest dreams that she could one day in the king’s palace.
3) The translation of the popular novel has just finished and a Chinese version will be in readers hands soon.
4) As with anything else, it is important to do your homework before going on an interview.
5) Jims car broke down last week and the repair cost was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.
4. 1) The director of the Urban Development Office will interview the two local applicants, as
well as the two veteran landscapers recommended by the staff committee this afternoon, to pick out the prospective designer for the construction of the city square.
2) From his standpoint, the project manager has made every endeavor to go after the best engineer for the work of cleaning up the river before the deadline set by the mayor.
3) Life is short, as the saying goes. People in my age bracket often want to have a crack at everything they think is interesting, but the problem is they barely have the time or energy for such endeavor.
II. Words with Multiple Meanings
1. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. (behave)
2. Richard suggested I keep all my friends addresses on my computer, as he does his. (keep: used to avoid repetition)
3. Elizabeth told her daughter that if she did the bathroom, the kitchen and the living room, she
would get $10.00 every week, (clean)
4. Since the Smiths business is doing well, they are thinking of starting a similar type of busi ness in Canada, (get along)
5. If you are prepared, you can certainly do the job. (perform or complete
)
6. Knowing what you cannot do is more important than knowing what you can. (perform or complete )
7. When I asked John why he does philosophy, he said that he does it simply because he finds it interesting, (study)
8. A small piece of cake will do for me, thanks, (be enough)
9. Leisure is a beautiful garment, but it will not do for constant wear, (be acceptable)
III. Usage
1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk about myself first.
2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way. I have some thing here for you.
3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?
4. Im going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way. I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.
5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?
6. Chris has been back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
2. As I see it
4. beforehand
6. structure
8. Respond
10. from the standpoint
12. follow UP
(A)
1. prospective
3. done your homework
5. endeavor
7. partners
9. take a crack
11. make a difference
(B)
1. encouraging
2.inquiring
3.relevant
4. samples
5. references
6. advice
7. preparing
8. seriously
9.probably
10. exhibit
II. Translation
1.) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot manage to stop the plane after taxing for only a short while.
2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out)
That she had undergone two plastic surgeries.
3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.
4) I f I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks.
5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.
2．
Well begin, half done, as the old saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.
I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much as about his prospective employers as possible don’t have much of a chance of success.
Part III Text B
Comprehension Check
1. b 2. c
3. a 4. a
5. a 6. b
Translation
1. 父母亲都觉得我不会被录用。“你要有后台才行。那可是一家美国机构，洛克菲勒基金会。你一定要有后台。”
2. 当然， 不工作就没饭吃，除非嫁人，那叫做“终于有了归宿。”
3. 她留着新式的发型，是我所喜欢的那种满头卷发竖立着的式样，穿着下摆印有花纹的裙子。由于她怀孕已快足月，所以她向我走过来时似乎是她的肚子最先到达我的面前。
4. 我跟哈内德先生说了，你刚才是因为害羞不安而没法做记录的。他挺不错的，只要慢慢习惯起来就性了。
Language practice
1.
1) g
2) f
3) a
4) e
5) h
6) b
7) c
8) d
2.
1) intricate
2) came at
3) administration
4) benign
5) get in
6) scaps
7) brand
8) carved
9) coiled
10) quivered
11) take on
12) put in a (good ) word
Unit 4
Text A
Text rganization 1.
Parts
Paragraphs
Main Ideas
Part One
Paras 1-3
Introduction to Davos Man and the World Economic Forum
Part Two
Paras 4-5
Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culture
Part Three ppppPTThreeThree
Paras 6-8
History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospects
Part Four
Paras. 9-11
Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces
2.
Main Events
1. Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.
2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not an accident of birth.
3. Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.
4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.
Vocabulary
I.
1) advantageous 2) let alone
3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark
5) entitled 6) displace
7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen
9) contradictions 10) aspires
11) divorced 12) pendulums
2. 1) come to 2) dozed off
3) believed in 4) was set apart
5) take in 6) sucks in
7) clean up 8) turn away
3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.
2) Toyata has
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