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Unit 1 Changes in the Way We Live
Text A
Content Questions ( P10 )
1. Write and live on a farm.
2. Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter.
3. No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough.
4. They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March.
5. When the first spring came, it brought two floods. The second flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season.
6. He decided to quit his job and start to freelance.
7. He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian” magazine, c
8. heck out the Lake Champlain “monster” for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”.
9. As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars.
10. They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. They still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year. They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies.
11. A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy.
12. They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they have been able to accomplish.
13. They chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives. Yes, they have finally realized their dreams.
Text Organization ( P11 )
Part One (paragraphs 1—3) The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one.
Part Two (paragraphs 4—7 ) Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.
Part Three (paragraphs 8—11) After quitting his job, the writer’s income was reduced, but he and his family were able to manage to get by.
Part Four (paragraphs 12—15 ) A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.
Happy Moments and Events
1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables
2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.
3) keeping warm inside the house in winter
4) writing freelance articles
5) earning enough money while maintaining a happy family life
Hardships
1) working hard both in winter and in summer
2) harsh environment and weather condition
3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job
4) cutting back on daily expenses
5) solitude
Vocabulary
1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. ( P15 )
1) on balance 2) resist 3) haul 4) wicked
5) illustrated 6) budget 7) lowering 8) boundary
9) involved 10)economic 11) blasting 12) just about
2. Now use the verb in brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it. ( P16 )
1) cut back / down 2）pick up
3）get by 4) get through
5）face up to 6）turn in
7）making up for 8）think up
3. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. （P17 ）
1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.
2) often generate misleading thoughts.
3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work.
4) be suspected of doing everything for money.
5) before he gets through life.
4. Complete the sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets ( P17 )
1. their indoor a profit to invest in
2. device the improvement on a global scale
3. stacked temptation never dined out
Confusable Use ( P18 )
1. house
2. home
3. home family
4. household
1. doubt
2. suspected
3. doubted
4. suspected
5. suspect
Word Formation ( P19 )
1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows and whys
6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) search
Cloze
1. Text-related ( P20 )
1) gets by 2) temptation 3) get through
4) improvement 5) aside from 6) suspect
7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking
2. Theme-related ( P21 )
1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit
4) world 5) tough 6) fuels
7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance
10) ideal
Translation
1. Translate the sentences into English ( P21 )
1) We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it is fairly minor.
2) My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.
3) the toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children.
4) Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of new and opinion.
5) When it comes to this magazine, it is a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.
2. Translate the passage into English ( P21 )
A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.
But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.
Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.
Text B
1. Choose the best answer for each of the following. ( P27 )
1—6. a c d b a c
Translate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the essay ( P28 )
1. 什么？ 你说那听起来不像你府上的生活？其实，不仅仅是你一个人这么想。事实上，大多数人可能都跟你一样这么想的。
2. 例如，《交给比弗吧》一剧中妈妈带着珍珠项链，穿着高跟鞋做家务。爸爸整个周末都穿着西装，系着领带。
3. 要是电视网或有线电视没有中意的节目，录像制品商店可以提供好莱坞制作的品质迥异的节目：新近发行的电影、动画片、“成人”电影、体育锻炼节目、旅游、体育及入门指南录像带。
4. 如今，妈妈在看她的有线电视销售服务节目的时候，爸爸可能想租一部动作片。而在姐姐想看《辛普森一家》时，弟弟妹妹却在玩《让我们炸毁土星》的电子游戏。
Match the definitions in Column B with the words and phrases in Column A. ( P28 )
1) g 2) f 3) e 4) d
5) b 6) h 7) a 8) c
Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen from the box. ( P29 )
1) roast 2) cable 3) at one time
4) get along 5) missed out on 6) commute
7) taken over 8) make sense 9) go with
10) dizzy 11) gasped 12) networks
Unit 2 Civil-Rights Heroes
TEXT A
TEXT ORGANIZATION
1.
Part One Paras 1-5 It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.
Part Two Paras 6-23 By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.
2.
Story 1 (Paras 6-10): After winning his own freedom from slavery, John Parker helped other
slaves to escape north to Canada to get freedom.
Story 2 (Paras 11-15): Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves to escape at huge risk to himself.
Story 3 (Paras 16-23): By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last.
VOCABULARY
I.
1.
1) decades 2) historic
3) imposed 4) religious
5) slender 6) web
7) bade 8) site
9) on the side 10) authorized
11) terminal 12) make the best of
2.
1) went through 2) stood up for
3) laid down 4) take on
5) let (us) down 6) draw on
7) fall into 8) pass for
3.
1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.
2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein , staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.
3) There’s not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drug.
4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.
5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.
4.
1). As for, do not compel, capture of , have forged
2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter
3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racial
II. Words with Multiple Meaning
1. I’ll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hear about your French trip.
2. Most McDonald’s look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs.
3. Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.
4. This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble: it’s always breaking down.
5. In your resume you have mentioned everything but one vital point.
6. Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.
7. I am sorry, but I think you should not have lingered on over coffee and missed the last bus.
8. The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance.
III. USAGE
1. lonely 2. friendly
3. weekly, monthly 4. lovely
5. cowardly 6. kindly/ saintly
7. lively 8. motherly
COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISES
I. CLOZE
1.
1) forged 2) stand up
3) compelled 4) convictions
5) mission 6) abolish
7) intent on 8) risk
9) In the eyes of 10) threats
2.
1) assistance 2) involved
3) estimated 4) coincidence
5) emerged 6) referred
7) numerous 8) stationed
9) concern 10) capture
II. TRANSLATION
1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.
2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.
3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.
4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.
5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.
2.
Shortly after he achieved freedom he became a member of an organization that assisted fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. In addition, later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school where they could learn useful ways of making a living. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, all the slaves would be liberated, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.
TEXT B
COMPREHENSION CHECK
1. b c d b b a
TRANSLATION
1. 这一和平的不服从行为在蒙哥马利引发了抗议， 最终使少数民族权利在法律上发生了变化，开创了美国民权运动的新时代。
2. 后来她解释说，这儿似乎是她结束受人摆布，弄清如果有的话她究竟有何人权的地方。
3. 但是，蒙哥马利的黑人团体认为应该团结在她周围组织抗议活动，她是适合担此重任的公民，因为她是该市最优秀的公民之一。
4. 他说：“只有极少人能说自己的行动和行为改变了国家的面貌。 罗莎帕克斯就是那些人中的一个。”
LANGUAGE PRACTICE
1. d e f b g a h c
2.
1) trial 2) activist
3) equality 4) arrested
5) transportation 6) representatives
7) legal 8) boycotts
9) fame 10) representation
11) ushered in 12) lain in honor / in state
Unit 3 Security
Text A
Content Questions
1. No.
2. No.
3. It has been replaced by an era when people employ various secuirty devices at home.
4. Small notices announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company.
5. The insurance company tries to impress the public that it will ensure your safety by paying for your losses.
6. An atmosphere of fear and distrust.
7. Because they feel threatened and want to keep outsides away.
8. No. They are by now the most sophisticated of security sites.
9. It is a way to hold the terrorists, real and imagined, at bay.
10. To tell whether their friend or client is telling lies.
11. All is done in the name of “security”. But according to the author, America, with all this “security”, is perhaps the most insecure nation in the history of civilization.
12. We may have locked the evils out, but in so doing we have locked ourselves in.
Text Organization
1.
Parts
Paragraphs
Main Ideas
Part One
Paras 1-3
In America, the era of leaving the front door on the latch has drawn to a close.
Part Two
Paras 4-15
A new atmosphere of fear and distrust has crept into every aspect of daily life. As a result, security de vices, in varied forms, are put to use.
Part Three
Paras 16-19
By locking our fears out, we become prisoners of our own making.
2.
1) Doors are not left unlocked either in cities or in rural areas.
2) Dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires are widely in use.
3) Suburban families have steel bars built in sliding glass doors.
4) Small notices warning against burglary are commonly seen pasted on the windows of the most pleasant of homes.
5) Access cards are required of those who work with medium to large-size companies.
6) Airport security uses electronic X-ray equipment to guard against terrorism.
7) Businessmen employ new machines linked up to their telephone to help determine whether the caller is telling lies or not.
Suburban housewives wear rape whistles on their key chains.
Language Sense Enhancement
I. 1) electronic 2) hooked up to
3) suburban 4) built in
5) uncommon 6) announcing
7) survaillance 8) symbol
9) featured 10) attached to
Language Focus
Vocabulary
1.
I. 1. 1) threathens
3) civilize
5) wandered
7) without so much as
9) hook up to
11) chart
2. 1) narrowed down
3) cut off
5) wear (the other) down
7) put up
2) by a small margin
4) closed up
6) paste
8) sideways
10) universal
12) Bathed
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