2022年人教版新目标八年级英语上册1-5单元知识点 .pdf

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1、姓名： _ 新目标八年级英语上册期中复习资料Unit 1.How often do you exercise? I. 重点短语归纳：1. go to the movies 去看电影2. look after=take care of 照顾3. surf the internet 上网4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skateboarding 去滑滑板watch TV 看电视6. keep healthy=stay healthy = keep in good health 保持健康keep + 形容词表保持某种状态do some reading 阅读7. e

2、xercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports锻炼8. eating habits 饮食习惯9. take more exercise 做更多的运动10. the same as 与什么相同11. once a month一月一次12. be different from 不同13. twice a week 一周两次 .three times a week一周三次15. how often 多久一次，询问动作发生的频率how many times 多少次，用来提问做某事的次数16. although=though 虽然 17. most of the s

3、tudents=most students大多数学生18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物19. as for 至于20. activity survey 活动调查21. do homework 做家庭作业22. do housework 做家务事23. eat less meat吃更少的肉24. junk food 垃圾食物25. be good for 对什么有益26. be bad for 对什么有害27. want to do sth 想做某事28. want sb to do sth 想某人做某事29. try to do sth 尽量做某事

4、30. come home from school 放学回家31. of course=certainly=sure 当然32. get good grades取得好成绩33. some advice 一些建议some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词a piece of advice 一条建议take one s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议34. help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 =help sb with sth 35. a lot of vegetables=many vegetables 许多蔬菜36. hardly= almost not 几乎

5、不 hardly ever 很少，几乎不，从不37. keep/be in good health 保持健康38. your favorite program 你最喜欢的节目39. Animal World 动物世界40. play soccer踢足球41.every day 每天 everyday 日常的42.once or twice a week 每周一两次43. three or four times a week 每周三四次44. at Green High School 在格林高中45. all students 所有的学生46. most students 大多数学生47. so

6、me students 一些学生48. no students 没有学生49.the result of a survey 调查结果50.the result for “watch TV ”“看电视 ” 的调查结果51. improve your English 提高你的英语52. drink milk 喝牛奶53. pretty healthy 相当健康pretty adv. 相当，非常Pretty（用作副词时）=rather=very=quite 非常，相当54. kind of = a little 有点I think Im kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。二.

7、重点句子：1.How often do you exercise? 你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？How often + 助动词 do(does 或 did) + 主语 + do sth.? 疑问词 how often 是问频率 (多久一次 ), （在这里助动词do(does或 did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用） 与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times , sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three

8、 times a month , three or four times a month 等。2“What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”“ 周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。”第一个 do 为助动词 , 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do 则是实义动词。3. “Whats your favorite program?” “It s Animal World.”“ 你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。 ”4. As for homework , most students do homework every

9、day . as for.意思是 “ 至于；关于 ” ，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式（即动名词）。如：5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth. 意思是 “ 想要做某事 ” ；want sb. to do sth.意思是 “ 想要某人做某事” 。如：有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

10、6. She says its good for my health. be good for.表示“ 对 有益（有好处） ”;其反义为： be bad for.（这里 for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）7. How many hours do you sleep every night? 8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school . 9. My eating habits are pretty good .这里 pretty 相当于 very 。10.I try to eat a lot of vege

11、tables , usually ten to eleven times a week . try to do sth.表示 “ 尽力做某事” ，不包含是否成功的意思11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 这里 better 是 well 的比较级，而不是good 的比较级13.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?Is

12、 her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 17. That sounds interesting.这是 “ 主语 +系动词 +表

13、语 ” 结构的简单句。sound（听起来）， look（看起来）， smell（闻起来）， taste（尝起来）， feel（觉得），seem （好象）， grow（变得） ,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。三知识结构how often / how long / how soon / how farhow often: “ 隔多久一次 ” ，指动作的频率，答语常用often, never, twice a week 等表示频率的副词或短语。（用于一般现在时或一般过去时）How often do you go to the movies? Once a week. /

14、I never go to the movies. how long: 1) “（延续） 多长时间 ” ，回答用 for时间段或since时间点。（用于各种时态）；2) 询问物体的长度。How long is the Yellow River? How long have you learned English? I have learned it for 5 years. I have learned it since 5 years ago. how soon : “ 还要多久才 ，多久以后 ” ，答语常用 “in 时间段 ” 。（用于一般将来时）How soon will she com

15、e back? Shell come back in an hour. how far: “ 多远” ，询问距离。Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home? How far is it from your home to our school? It s 2 kilometers away. Unit 2 whats the matter?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页一重点短语归纳1. foot-feet 脚 tooth-teeth 牙齿 2. h

16、ave a cold 感冒3. have a stomachache 胃疼4. have a sore back背疼5. have a sore throat喉咙疼6. have a fever发烧7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息have a rest 休息8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶9. see a dentist 看牙医see a doctor 看医生10.drink lots of water 多喝水11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用

17、在肯定句中。：There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一个副词词组， 跟动词连用； 表示十分的意思； Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼13. Thats a good idea好主意14. go to bed 去睡觉go to bed early 早上床睡觉15. feel well 感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服I don t feel well= Im not feeling well我感觉不

18、舒服 . 16. start doing/ to do sth 开始做某事TO DO 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情DOING 是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。17. two days ago 两天前18. get some rest 多休息 , 休息一会儿19. I think so 我认为是这样20. be thirsty 口渴21. be hungry 饥饿22. be stressed out紧张23. listen to music 听音乐24. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式25. traditional Chinese docto

19、rs 传统中医26. need to do sth 需要做某事27. a balance of yin and yang 阴阳平衡28. for example 例如29. too much yin 太多的阴 , 阴气太盛too much + 不可数名词太多的 much too +形/副实在太 极其，非常too many + 可数名词复数太多的 30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益，对什么有好处be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害be good to 对好be good at =do well in 在 方面好，擅长31.ge

20、t good grades 取得好成绩32.angry 用法be angry with sb 生某人的气be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气33.Chinese medicine 中药34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行 Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。35.in western countries 在西方国家36.Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It s important to do sth . 做某

21、事很重要。37.balanced diet 平衡饮食38.get tired 感到疲倦be/get tired 39.go out at night 在晚上出去40.stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health 41.at the moment 此时，此刻 = now 42.enjoy sth. =like sth. ( 名词 )喜欢某物 , enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 =like dong sth enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves,

22、 ourselves, itself（反身代词 ) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun 43. conversation practice 会话练习44. host family 寄宿家庭45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛I m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。46. a few + 可数名词复数少许 a little + 不可数名词 /形/副一点 47.He shouldnt eat anything=He sho

23、uld eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. 48.sleep 8 hours a night 每晚睡眠八小时50.take medicine 吃药 服药二 固定结构It s +形 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是的。It s important to do sth .做某事很重要。It s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的 .It s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来

24、说是容易的三重点句子1.What s the matter ? Whats the matter with you ? 你怎么啦？=Whats the trouble with you?=Whats wrong with you?I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2.That s too bad. You should / shouldnt那太糟糕了 . 你应该 /不该 He shouldn t eat anything = He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西 . 3.I m not fell

25、ing well . 这里 well 表示身体状况，不能用good 代替I don t feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒服 . 4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始 ?大约两天前5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来这里 better 是 well 的比较级6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为我们需要阴

26、阳调和以保持身体健康。这里 to be healthy 是动词不定式短语，作目的状语7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang. 太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much 后跟不可数名词，而too many 后跟可数名词

27、复数10.Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。 It s easy to do sth . 做某事容易/ It s important to do sth . 做某事重要11.You should rest for a few nights. 你应该休息几个晚上12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I dont think I m improving.

28、我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨2点钟，但我认为我没有提高。13.believe in 信任某人，强调品质，believe sb.相信某人的话I believe him, but I cant believe in him.他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。四知识结构1. few、a few、little、a little 的区别和联系：1.few / a few 用来修饰可数名词，few 表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有； a few 表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友 ,他感觉寂寞。There are

29、a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。2.little / a little 用来修饰不可数名词，little 表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？2. notuntil直到( 否定句 ) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词She didn t leave until we came.He went shopping after he got up. =He

30、didn t go shopping until /before he got up. until/till直到 （肯定句）动词为延续性动词精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页We stayed here till/until 12 oclock.Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?一重点短语归纳1. go camping 去野营2. go shopping 去购物3. go skateboarding 去滑滑板4. go swimming 去游泳5. go boating 去

31、划船6. go skating 去滑冰7. go hiking (in the mountains) 去山上徒步旅行 /远足8. go climbing 去登山9. go fishing 去钓鱼10. go bike riding / cycling 骑自行车旅行11. go sightseeing 去观光12. visit my grandma/ cousins/ my friends in Hong Kong 拜访我的祖母 /堂兄弟 /香港的朋友13. spend time with friends 和朋友度过14. babysit her sister 照顾她的妹妹15. relax a

32、t home 在家休息16. go to sports camp 去运动野营17. go to the beach 去沙滩18. take a vacation 去度假19. go to Tibet for a week 去西藏一个星期20. go away 离开，走开21. (for) too long 太久22. how long 多长（时间）23. have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，玩得开心24. get back to school/ home 回学校 /回家go back= come back= get back 回来 get

33、back to +some where 回到某地get back home/ here /there 回家、这、那儿go back to school 回到学校 =return to school go back home 回到家 =return home 25. stay for three weeks 呆三个星期26. take walks / take a walk 散步 take walks=have walks=go for a walk 散步27. rent videos 租录像带28. a famous French singer 一个著名的法籍歌手29. take a long

34、 vacation 度长假30. take vacations in Europe 在欧洲度假31. think about/ of 考虑 /思考32. something different/ interesting/ important 一些不同的 / 有趣的/ 重要的东西33. spend time in the beautiful countryside 在美丽的乡村度过34. forget all the problems 忘记所有的问题 (烦恼 ) 35. sleep a lot 多睡觉 ,睡个够36. cant wait 迫不及待 cant wait to do sth 迫不及待

35、做某事37. a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方38. leave for Italy/ Greece/ Spain/ Europe 离开 /出发去意大利 /希腊 /西班牙 /欧洲39. places to visit in China 在中国参观的地方40. plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假41. the first week in June 六月的第一周42. leave for 离开 /出发去 leave的用法1. “leave+地点 ” 表示 “ 离开某地 ” 。例如：When did you leave

36、Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？2. “leave for+ 地点 ” 表示 “ 动身去某地 ” 。例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。3. “leave+地点 +for+ 地点 ” 表示 “ 离开某地去某地 ” 。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？43. rent videos to sb. 租碟片给某人rent videos from sb. 从某人那租碟片44. make a movie 拍电影45. ask sb a

37、bout sth 问某人某事46. at night =in the evening 在晚上47.What/How about+ doing 怎么样呢 ? 48 on Monday 在星期一49.next week 下周50.the Great Wall 长城二固定结构1. show sb. sth. 让某人看某物 = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看He showed me a postcard from Hong Kong yesterday. = He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday. 类似的结构还有： g

38、ive sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物2. send sb. sth. 寄给某人某物 = send sth. to sb. 寄某物给某人My friends sent me a letter just now. = My friends sent a letter to me just now. 3. think about/ of sth./ doing sth. 考虑某事 /考虑做某事He often thinks about going to Europe for vaca

39、tion. 4. decide on sth. 决定某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事They will decide on the case(案件 ) tomorrow. He decided to go sightseeing at last. 5. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 (过去式 ) planned （现在分词） planning She planned to go to Greece for vacation. vacation plans 假期计划make plans 制定计划6. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事forget d

40、oing sth. 忘记做过某事 7. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 = remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 8. finish sth./ finish doing sth. 完成某事 /完成做某事 9. need to do sth. 需要做某事 We need to go home early. 10. leave for + 地名 离开 /出发去 leave A for B 离开 A 地去 B 地My parents and I are leaving (here) for Beijing tomorrow. My uncle will lea

41、ve Beijing for Tokyo tomorrow. 12spend意为 “ 度过、花费（时间、金钱等）” 其主语一般是人，常用的句式有：spendon sth.Spend(in) doing sth. 如： How long do you spend on your homework everyday? How long do you spend (in) doing your homework everyday? 你每天花多少时间做作业三重点句子1. What are you doing for vacation? 你假期打算做什么？ I am babysitting my sis

42、ter. 我打算照顾我的妹妹。2. Where is he going? 他要去哪？ He is going to Italy. 他打算去意大利。3. When is he going? 他什么时候要去？He is going on the 11th./ in December. 他打算 11号去 /12月去。4. Who is she going with? 她打算和谁去？She is going with her parents. 她打算和她的父母亲去。5. How long are they staying in Tibet? 他们准备在西藏呆多久？They are staying fo

43、r three weeks. 他们打算呆三个星期6. That sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。sound 为感官动词感官动词后面加形容词感官动词为： look（看起来） , sound（听起来） , feel（感觉起来）, taste（尝起来） , smell（闻起来） 7. I dont like going away for too long. 我不喜欢离开太久。like to do sth./ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页8. I know

44、 there are many people there （who speak French.） 我知道那儿有许多说法语的人。 9. He planned to have a very relaxing vacation. 他计划度过一个轻松的假期。plan to do sth. 计划做某事10. I just finished making my last movie. 我刚制作完了我最后的一部电影。finish doing sth. 完成做某事11. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing. 我听说泰国是个观光的好地方。

45、a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方12. I want to ask you about places to visit in China. 我想问你有关可在中国参观的地方。want to do sth. 想做某事 ask sb. about sth. 问某人有关某事13. I am planning my vacation to Italy this weekend. 我打算这个周末去意大利度假。 plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假= plan to go to Italy for vacation 14. Wha

46、t should tourist take with them? 游客必须带什么（在身上）呢？ take sth with sb. 带某物在身上 /随身带某物Please take an umbrella with you. 请带上一把雨 They take some money with them.他们随身带着些钱。四知识结构1.What are you doing for vacation? 你打算 /准备 /计划假期做些什么？ I am going sightseeing. 我打算 /准备 /计划去观光。这里用了 “ 现在进行时 be doing ”的结构来表示在最近计划或安排将要进行的

47、动作, 有“ 意图 ” 或“ 打算 ” 的含义 .通常与表未来时间的状语连用。I am visiting him tomorrow. 我明天要去拜访他。2.“be + 动词 -ing”） “ be + 动词 -ing ”表示动词的现在进行时，指正在进行或发生的动作或事情。如：He is doing his homework. 他正在做作业。） “ be + 动词 -ing ”也可以表示近期的计划或马上要发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。She is leaving for Shanghai this evening. 他打算今晚动身去上海。3.一般情况下加ing的形容词修饰sth 加 e

48、d的形容词修饰sb relaxing 令人轻松的relaxed 感到轻松的interesting 有趣 interested 感到兴趣surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋解题点拨例1 When I _ home, I ll show you the photos.A.get to B. return to C. get back D. return back 例2I decide _ go fishing with Sally. A.on B.to C.at D.in Unit 4 How do you get t

49、o school?一短语归纳1. take the subway to = go to by subway搭地铁2. take the train to = go to by train坐火车3. take a bus to = go to by bus= go to on a bus乘坐公共汽车4. take a taxi to = go to by taxi坐的士5. ride a bike/ bicycle to = go to by bike/ bicycle骑自行车6. walk to = go to on foot步行7. take a car to = go to in a ca

50、r= go to by car坐汽车8. get to school 到达学校 get to=arrive in/at=reach 到达 (in 加大地方at 加小地方 ) 9. 10 kilometers from school 离学校 10 公里（远）10. fromto 从到from his home to school 从他家到学校11. how （用于提问状态和交通工具）怎样how long 用来询问时间的长度（用于提问时间段多长（时间） 或物体的长度how often （用于提问频率）多久时间一次how far （用于提问距离）多远how many 用于提问数量）多少how muc