大学英语四六级翻译.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date大学英语四六级翻译翻译原文：翻译原文：故宫，又名紫禁城，为明清共二十四位皇帝统治中国近500年的皇宫。它位于北京市中心，在天安门广场的北侧，形状为长方形。南北长960米，东西宽750米，占地72公顷，总建筑面积达15万平方米。故宫是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代木构宫殿。它分为外朝和内廷两部分，外朝是皇帝上朝处理国家大事的地方，内廷是皇帝和皇室的居住地。1987年，

2、故宫被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产。翻译词汇：故宫 the Imperial Palace紫禁城 the Forbidden City天安门广场 Tiananmen Square长方形 rectangular建筑面积 floor space现存 in existence上朝 give audience处理 handle世界文化遗产 World Cultural Heritage参考译文：The Imperial Palace, also called the Forbidden City was the palace where the 24 emperors of the Ming an

3、d Qing Dynasties ruled China for roughly 500 years. The Imperial Palace is located in the center of Beijing, on the northern side of Tiananmen Square, rectangular in shape, 960 meters from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, with an area of 72 hectares and a total floor space of 15

4、0 000 square meters. Its the worlds largest and most integral palace made of wood in existence. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court was the place where the emperors gave audience and handled state affairs, while the inner court was the l

5、iving quarters for the emperors and their families. In 1987 the Imperial Palace was listed by the UNESCO as one of the World Cultural Heritage sites.2.翻译原文：最近，一些地方大学开始将方言列为某些学生的必修课程，学生们要学习当地方言，然后被评分以作为毕业的依据之一。一方面，支持此种做法的人认为，将方言列为必修课可防止其消失，从而使当地传统文化和文化多样性得以弘扬，同时城市独特的个性得以保留。另一方面，反对此种做法的人争论说，当地学生与外地学生相

6、比有很多绝对优势，因此将方言列为必修课会引起教育不公平的问题。而且，将方言列为必修课程还会引起一些其他问题，如教材使用、师资问题和考试标准等。在我看来，方言作为传统文化不可缺少的一部分和一种交流工具，可以让学生自愿学习和使用，而不是强制完成。【翻译词汇】方言 dialect必修课程 compulsory course依据 judging factor支持 approve消失 extinguish文化多样性 cultural diversity弘扬 enhance个性 identity争论说 contend绝对的 absolute引起 give rise to/bring forth考试标准 e

7、xamination standard不可缺少的 indispensable自愿地 voluntarily学习 acquire参考译文：Recently, it has been practiced by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging factors for

8、them to graduate. On the one hand, people approving the practice maintain that it will help to prevent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved simultaneously. On the other hand, pe

9、ople in opposition to the practice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places. Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching ma

10、terial, teachers and examination standards. As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensable part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.3.翻译原文：红楼梦由曹雪芹和高鹗所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了贾家从一个富裕、有权有势的家族沦落为破落家庭的过程。小说成功塑造了100多个

11、经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。红楼梦对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘,如果要了解中国人复杂的价值观,最好先能读懂红楼梦。 毛主席评价道：“红楼梦不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它描述了封建时代的兴败。”【翻译词汇】红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansions由所著 be attributed to家族 clan富裕 affluent权势 prestige沦落为 descend to塑造 portray阶层 rank封建社会 feudal society复杂 complexity参考译文：A Dream of Red Mansions is attributed to Cao Xu

12、eqin and Gao-E. The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting how an affluent and influential family with prestige lost its favor and descended to crash. In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed. These characters concern people of all ranks in the Qing Dynasty. A Dre

13、am of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal society. To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions. “It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the success and failure of the feudal per

14、iod,” said Chairman Mao.翻译原文：中国市场经济的发展而迅速增长。因此，那些追求物质生活的人们只要有购买力，就不可避免地会购买奢侈品。一项报告显示，中国的奢侈品消费总额占全球市场份额的四分之一，且位居世界第二，仅次于日本。然而，从消费观念方面来讲，很多中国的消费者还处在“炫耀性消费”的阶段，这是一种不健康的状态。奢侈品不应该是炫耀的手段，或者是与权力、财富和社会关系相关的标志。【翻译词汇】大规模消费时代 an era of mass consumption追求物质生活 pursue material life购买力 purchasing power因此 therefore

15、奢侈品 luxury占 account for市场份额 market share从来讲 in regard to炫耀性消费 conspicuous consumption炫耀 show off与相关 be associated with社会关系 social tie参考译文：As China has achieved new heights in its economy and recently entered an era of mass consumption, the purchasing power of Chinese people is rising along with the

16、development of market economy. Therefore, it is inevitable that people who pursue material life buy luxuries as long as they can afford. According to a report, the total consumption of luxuries in China accounted for a quarter of the global market share and ranked second in the world after Japan. Ho

17、wever, in regard to consumption concept, a large number of Chinese consumers are still in the stage of “conspicuous consumption”, which is unhealthy. Luxuries should not be the tools of showing off or signs associated with power, wealth and social ties.翻译原文：中国自古就有“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的古训(maxim)。齐家指的便是成家立业，

18、成家不能没有自己的一套房子。因此，房子成为中国人有家、有归属感的重要标志，并深人人心。房子在人们观念中的重要地位，使得房子不仅仅是居住环境的体现，更是个人身份的体现。根深蒂固的传统观念和强烈的的家的归属感，吸引着都市生活中这样一群忠实而又执着的“买房族”。也可以说，中国的房价之所以一路飙升与中国人的购房观念是密不可分的。参考译文：There has been an old maxim“Cultivate the mind,and then regulate the femily, state and world”sinceancient China.Regulating the family

19、refers to gettingmarried and starting ones career.However, gettingmarried cannot come true without ahouse.Therefore,it is deeply rooted in Chinese peoples mind that house is an important signalof home and gives them a sense of belonging.The importance attached to house makes houseboth a symbol of li

20、ving environment and a symbol of individual status.The deeply rootedtraditional concept and strong sense of belonging attract many loyal and persistent people inthe city to join the group which struggles to buy a house.You could say the soaring price ofhouse in China is closely related to Chinese pe

21、oples idea about house.翻译原文：占座现象是大学校园内的普遍现象，甚至已经发展成一种不成文的规定，一种“潜规则(a hidden rule)”。无论是在教室、食堂还是图书馆，凡是座位资源相对稀缺的地方，都不难看到占座的现象。对于这种现象的出现，人们各持己见，褒贬不一。学校的座位资源有限，这已经是人尽皆知的事实。在同学们面临期末考试、司法考试、英语四六级考试等诸多考试压力的同时，还要腾出精力去占座，使忙碌的学习生活平添烦恼。参考译文：Occupying a seat is common in universities.It haseven become an unwritt

22、en rule and a hiddenrule.Anywhere where seats are relatively rare, be itclassroom, canteen or library, occupying a seathappens.People differ in their opinions about thisphenomenon.Some agree while some disapprove of it.It is a widely-known fact that seats oncampus are limited.Under huge pressure of

23、examinations like the final examination, judicialexamination, CET-4 and CET-6, students have to spare time to occupy a seat, which makesbusy studying life more disturbing.翻译原文：打车难已经成为大城市人们生活中较为普遍的问题。城市人口规模的扩大，人类社会活动的不断多元(diversification)化都增加了对出租车的需求。随着城市交通拥堵状况不断加剧，为避免堵车影响收人，上下班高峰时段很多司机不愿意跑拥堵路段和主城区，导

24、致市民在一些交通枢纽、商业中心、医院附近很难打到出租车。城市建设影响了出租车的使用效率。出租车行业不规范，拒载行为屡屡发生，这也是导致打车难的人为因素。参考译文：It has been a common problem in large cityresidents life that its hard to take a taxi. Theincrease of urban population and diversificationof social activities make the demand for taxi rise. Asthe traffic jam becomes wor

25、se in cities，toguarantee personal income, many taxi drivers refuse to drive on busy roads and main urbanareas, which makes it difficult for many citizens to take a taxi near some transportationjunctions, commercial centers and hospitals. City construction affects the efficiency of taxi.Being not sta

26、ndard in the taxi industry and taxi drivers often refusing to take passengers arethe human factors that make it difficult to take a taxi.翻译原文：选秀(draft),指选拔在某方面表现优秀的人。中国自古就有，古代选秀一般是宫廷选秀。从2004年超级女声开始，大众选秀节目开始进入我们的视线，这类几乎“零门槛(zero ofthreshold)”的选秀活动让所有人都有机会成为明星。之后的好男儿、快乐男声、我型我秀还有中国好声音等等选秀活动一一登场，几乎一刻都没有

27、让中国的电视观众闲着。通过这些选秀活动，很多有才能的 “平民百姓”实现了自己的梦想，走上了星光大道(avenue of stars)。参考译文：A draft refers to a procedure during which peoplewho perform well in a certain aspect are pickedout.In ancient China,there were also drafts whichgenerally referred to court drafts.From the year 2004when Super Girl was on,talent

28、show programs beganto come into our sight.Such kind of nearly“zerothreshold”talent show offers everyone an opportunity to become popular.Later,there came MyHero,Super Boy,My Show and The Voice of China.As these talent show programs appeared oneby one,Chinese TV audience hardly had time to rest.Throu

29、gh these talent show programs,manytalented “ordinary people”realized their dreams and stepped on the avenue of stars.翻译原文：助人为乐，是中华民族优良传统之一。通过“助人”，既向别人提供了帮助，又体现了一种自尊。帮助他人要摈弃私心杂念，不能处处为个人利益着想。遇事要多替别人考虑，主动伸手帮助那些需要帮助的人。做到助人为乐，要偷快面对生活，不能自寻烦恼。在帮助别人的同时，自己收获快乐，享受生活的乐趣。做到助人为乐，要积极行动起来，不能只说不做。要脚踏实地(be down-to-e

30、arth),热情周到地为他人服务，哪怕是简单的小事，也要从一点一滴做起。参考译文：Being ready to help others is one of the finetraditions of Chinese nation.By helping others，onenot only offered help to others,but also expressedone kind of self-respect.To help others,one shouldgive up selfishness and shouldnt consider his owninterest all th

31、e time.Think more of others and initiatively give a hand to those that need help.Tobe ready to help others,one should live happily and avoid asking for trouble.When helpingothers, one can get happiness at the same time and enjoy the pleasure of life.To be ready tohelp others,one should take action a

32、ctively instead of just saying it.Be down-to-earth, and offerservice to others with passion.Even for the simple things,just start doing them bit by bit.翻译原文：雷锋常常帮助他人，是中国人民解放军(the PeoplesLiberation Army)的模范士兵。他捐钱给贫困家庭，挽救普通人的生命，为战友洗衣服，常以各种方法帮助别人。雷锋倾其一生帮助他人。雷锋牺牲后，毛主席号召人们“向雷锋同志学习”。中国人民了解雷锋，并以他为榜样，雷锋精神永远

33、活在人们心中。自1963年起，每年的三月五日被定为“雷锋日”(Lei Fengs Day)。雷锋精神已经影响了好几代中国人。虽然社会迅猛发展，但雷锋精神将继续在中国社会发挥重要作用。参考译文：Lei Feng was a model soldier of the PeoplesLiberation Army who always helped others.He gavemoney to poor families, saved the lives of manyordinary people, washed clothes for his comradesand often helped o

34、thers in many other ways.Lei Fenghas devoted his entire life to helping others.After he died, Chairman Mao called people to “learnfrom Comrade Lei Feng”.The spirit of Lei Feng has lived on among Chinese people, who knowand respect him as an idol.March 5th has been observed as “Lei Fengs Day” every y

35、ear since1963.The Lei Feng spirit has influenced several generations of Chinese.Despite the rapid socialdevelopment, Lei Feng spirit will continue to play a significant role in Chinese society.翻译原文：中国过西方节日的人越来越多了，不同年龄层次的人都有，以年轻人居多。目前，全球化是现代世界的趋势，不仅仅是经济全球化，文化全球化也是其中重要的一部分，也是无法避免的。中国节日强调的是文化意义，集体意识。西方

36、节日强调人与人之间以及每个人内心的体验，例如感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)是唤起人与人之间良好的社会关系、唤起自强不息的民族意识的节日。这样的节日很好地补充了我们国家的节日。这是文化差异，没有好坏之分。参考译文：Western festivals have been celebrated by more and more Chinese people of different ages,especially young people.Globalization is the trend of modern world.In addition to economic globaliz

37、ation,cultural globalization is also a significant part of it and it is inevitable.Chinese festivals emphasize cultural implication and collective awareness,while Western festivals stress everyones inner experience when staying alone or being together with others.For example,Thanksgiving Day is a fe

38、stival which arouses smooth social relations among people and evokes national awareness of continuous self-improvement.Such festivals are good supplement of Chinese festivals.This is just cultural difference between Chinese festivals and Western festivals,and neither can be judged as good or bad.翻译原

39、文：中国水资源地区分布不均匀。总体来讲，南方水资源丰富，北方则水资源匮乏。随着人口的增长和经济的快速发展，北方缺水的问题日益严重，解决办法之一就是跨流域(drainage area)调水，也就是南水北调工程(South-to-North Water Diversion Project)。南水北调工程包括东、中、西三条线路。东线从长江下游引水，沿京杭大运河(Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal)北送，穿过黄河下的管道，向下流入天津附近的水库(reservoir)。中线从长江的支流汉江的丹江口水库引水到北京。西线也被称作“大西线”，目的在于从长江上游引水到黄河上游。参考译文：I

40、n China water resources are unevenly distributed.Ingeneral, water resources are abundant in the southbut deficient in the north.With the increase ofpopulation and rapid economic development, theproblem of water shortage in the north is gettingmore and more serious.One solution is to divert water fro

41、m one drainage area to another,also known as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.There are three routes.The easternroute will transfer water from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to north along theBeijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and through a tunnel under the Yellow River, from where it ca

42、nflow downhill to reservoirs near Tianjin.The central route is from Danjiangkou Reservoir on theHan river, a branch of the Yangtze River, to Beijing.The western route, also called the BigWestern Line, aims at diverting water from the headwaters of the Yangtze River into theheadwaters of the Yellow R

43、iver翻译原文：为了假期，人们必须提前工作整整一周。这种安排并不局限于劳动节假期。根据每年的官方安排，法定假日前把周末调成工作日，上班族就可以享受“更长的假期”。这意味着，更长的假期要以更长的工作周为代价。然而，公众不是很接受这种安排。网上调查的调查对象中，高达75%的人表示不满这种假期安排，93%的人抱怨假期太短。很多人抱怨负责人的安排，呼吁更合理的假期安排。如果假期是以更繁重的工作任务为代价，那么上班族会无力消受。参考译文：To enjoy a holiday，people often have to work for a whole week previous to it.This a

44、rrangement is not just confined to the Labor Day holiday.According to the official schedule each year,office workers can enjoy so-called “a longer holiday”by exchanging their weekend before the legal holiday for weekdays，which means a longer holiday comes at the price of a longer workweek.This arran

45、gement,however,has not been well received by the public.Up to 75 percent of the respondents to a survey on the Internet said they were dissatisfied with it.And 93 percent complained that holidays are too short.Many people have complained about the authoritiesarrangement and called for a more reasona

46、ble holiday schedule.If holidays are coming along at the cost of an even heavier burden,they will be hardly enjoyable for the workers翻译原文：春运(Spring rush)的产生主要来自中国人的传统观念及社会人力大量流动的情况。在中国，春节是一年中最重要的传统节日，无论离家有多远，人们都要尽量在除夕时与家人团聚，共度新春。自改革开放以来,人口流动开始日益频繁。有非常多的人进城打工，造成了人力的大量流动。此外，这段时间是大学放寒假时期，多数学校在春节前两到三周开始

47、放假，在正月十五左右开学，因此返家的学生也构成了春运的另一主要人群。参考译文：The Spring rush is due to the traditional idea ofChinese people and the massive flow of labor forcein society.In China, the Spring Festival is the mostimportant traditional festival.However far from thefamily，people will try their best to go back home tospend t

48、he New Years Eve with family members.Sinceopening-up and reform，flow of population has become more and more frequent.Manypeople going to cities to make money result in a great flow of labor force.Besides, winter holidayusually starts two or three weeks before the Spring Festival in most universities and ends onabout January 15th on lunar calendar，the peri