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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-datethe-definition-of-translationthe-definition-of-translationThe definition of translation 1, The term translation has several meanings: it can refer to the general subject field, the prod

2、uct(the text that has been translated) or the process(the act of producing the translation, otherwise known as translating). The process of translation between two different written languages involves the translator changing an original written text (the source language or ST) in the original verbal

3、 language (the source language or SL)into a written text (the target language or TL). - Jeremy Munday, 2001 Introducing Translation Studies Theories and applications 2, Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. Whereas i

4、nterpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature. - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia3, Changing (speech or writing) from one language into another - Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English)4, translation is no longer a process simpl

5、y between the source and the target texts with the translator alone in between, but a communicative interaction, a cross-culture event, and a whole complex of action involving team-work among experts, from the client to the recipient, whereby the translator plays his own role as experts.-Mary Snell

6、Hornby, 2001 Translation Studies An integrated approach 5, .translation is defined as translational action based on some kind of text. The expression some kind of text indicates a broad concept, combining verbal and nonverbal elements, situational clues and hidden or presupposed information. -Chisti

7、ane Nord, 2001 Translation as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalists Approaches Explained6, translation is, of course, a rewriting of an original text. - Susan Bassnett and Andre Lefevere, 1992 Translation History Culture A Sourcebook 7, A translation is not a monistic composition, but an interpenetr

8、ation and conglomerate of twoStructures. On the one hand there are the semantic content and the formal contour of the original, On the other hand the entire system of aesthetic features bound up with the language of the Translation. -Susan Bassnet, 20028, the translator, as stated before, does not t

9、ranslate words or individual sentences(unless an islated Sentences has text status), but texts. Translation, therefore, is a text-oriented event. It follows from This that the most pertinent definition of translation is text-oriented: translation is a procedure Which leads from a written SLT to an optimally equivalent TLT and requires the syntactic, Semantic, stylistic and text-pragmatic comprehension by the translator of the original.-Wills, 1982翻译就是用一种语言形式-