新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结-八年级下册英语知识点.pdf

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1、壹学英语No.1 English2012年秋新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1whats the matter?短语归纳1. too much太多2.lie down躺下4.take ones temperatu量re体 温3. get an X-ray做个X光检查5.put some medicine on在上敷药7.take breaks /take a break休息6.have a fever发烧8.without thinking twice没多想送某人去医10.take sb to the hospital院 . 惊讶的12.to ones surpri使9.get

2、off下车11.wait for等待thanks tose. .多亏于；由于15.think about考虑17.get into the trouble遇到麻烦19. fall down摔倒21.get hit/sunburned摔伤/烧伤23.be14.in time及时16.have a heart problem患有心脏病18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情20.put on sth把.放在某物上22.be interested in对.感兴趣used to习惯于 .24.take risks/take a risk挑战25.lose ones失life去 生命2

3、7.run26.because of因为out of用完29.get out of从.出来31.be28.cut off切除in control of掌管；管理 用法归纳30.make a decision/decisions做决定1. need to do sth .需要去做某事32.give up放弃3.ask sb sth询问某人某事2.see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事4.expect sb to do sth期望某人做某事1壹学英语No.1 English5.agree to do sth想要做某事6.help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事7.want

4、to do sth想要做某事8.tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事9.have problems(in) doing sth做某事有困难10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事11.be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事12.seem to do sth好像做某事13.keep on doing sth继续做某事14.mind doing sth介意做某事 语法点1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法 情态动词should的用法 表示劝告与建议，也表义务与责任 第一人称问句中，征询建议要记清3.不定代词的用法相

5、关阅读方法推理判断阅读法精细解读1. Whats the matter (withy ou)?怎么了？出什么事了？What sthe trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu have a fever have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼have a toothache牙疼headache头疼3.身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head

6、+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4. much too+have a词，意为，too much+词，意为。5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在 名前后，形副后 。good enough足够好，enough money=money money6. lie down躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied2壹学英语No.1 English7. maybe或“许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，

7、意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may beangry.8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you d ont know the truth.sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词， “听起来，好像 ”，The music sounds nice.9. need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefullyduring class.need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作

8、：Your dirty clothes need washing.10. get off (the bus)下(公交车)get on上车11. agree同意，赞同；同意做某事 ，同意某人的看法、观 点。12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in troubletroublesth。13. right away=right now=at once，意为 。14.【复习】advice 不可数名词劝告，建议，向 征求意It，make，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing见动词 advise sb. to do st

9、h.sth .，give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；adviseadvise sb. doing15.【复习】exercise动词意为 ，可数时意 为 ，不可数时意为 。16. hurt及物动词，使 疼痛， 受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物动词， (部位)疼。His leg hurt badly.17. clean【动词】，clean the classroom，【形容词】，cleaner意为。18. hit(用手或器具) 打；击打Theboy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on th

10、e head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位；hit sb.in the face/ eye/ stomach打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。19. be used to sth./ doing sth .习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used tocountry life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth.变得习惯“，逐渐适应 ”强调过程、动作：Itsdiffic

11、ult for one to get used to another countrys habit.20.【复习】free 形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want tobecome a free bird.free【动词】使 解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.3壹学英语No.1 English21. run out用完，用尽When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to savehis own life.物st

12、h. tun out.某物用尽了。money last night.人sb. run out of物sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his22. risk (sb.) to do sth.冒险去做某事take a risk=take risks冒险23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性We students should know the importance of(learning) English.importance n.重要(性)，important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.24. dec

13、ision【名词】决定；抉择；make a decisionsth.=。25. be in the control of掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理26.【复习】mind意为mind my opening the window?be under control被控制住，在控制之中, Would youmake a decision to do，mind doing sth.27. give up (doing) sth.放弃(做)某事，give up (pl

14、aying) computer games；give up后可接名词、 代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如Never give up easily.二、重要短语1. have a cold2. have a stomachache3. see sb. do sth.4. shout for help5. expect (sb.) to do sth.6. to ones surprise7. thanks to8. think about9. be interested in sth.10. lose ones life11. save ones life12. take a risk=tak

15、e risks13. cut off14. keep on doing sth.三、重点语法【反身代词】 英语中共有八个反身代词， 在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象 在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数 人称单数第一人称第二人称第三人称myselfyourselfhimself herself itself4壹学英语No.1 English复数【用法】ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria boughtherself a scarf.look after ourselves very well.her

16、self today.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 如：She herself will fly to Londontomorrow.met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短语当中。IWe must2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如：She isnt quite如：look after oneself / take care of oneself照顾自己teach oneself sth./ learn sth. byoneself自学enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快help oneself

17、 to sth请自用 （随便吃/喝些 ）. hurt oneself摔伤自己say to oneself自言自语leave sb. byoneself把某人单独留下buy oneself sth.给自己买 东西introduce oneself介绍自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我 自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my homework.（正） I myself can finish myhomework. / I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代词表示 “某人自己”不能表示 “某人

18、的东西 ”，因为它没有所有格的形式表达“某人自己的（东西） ”时，须要用ones own.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Im drawing with myself crayons. （正） I drawingwith my own crayons.【练习】1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _ just now.2. Bad luck! I cut _ with a knife yesterday.3. They tell us they can look after _ very well.4. My cat can find food b

19、y _ .5. Help _ to some beef, boys.6. Jenny enjoyed _ in the park yesterday afternoon.7. We can finish our homework by_ .8. The blind girl lost _ in the beautiful music.9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _ to us ?10. Bill wants to teach _ French from now on.5壹学英语No.1 EnglishUnit 2 Ill help to clean the c

20、ity parks短语归纳1.clean up打扫干净3.give out分发兴；振奋起2.cheer up（使）变得更高 来4. used to曾经 .；过去.5.give away赠送；捐赠6.set up建立；设立7.make a difference9.put off推迟11.call up打电话给13.care for照顾；照看15.try out for参加选拔17.run out of用光19.fix up修理e up with想出10.put up张贴12.help out帮助 . 摆脱困难14.give up放弃e true实现18.take after与.相像20.be s

21、imiliar to与 .相似用法归纳1.need to do sth需要做某事2.make plan to do sth制定计划做某事3. ask sb (not ) to do sth要求某人(不要)做某事4. used to do sth过去常常做某事5.give up +时间+to do sth放弃时间做某事6.get a feeling of有感觉7.decide to do sth决定做某事8. help sb (to)do sth帮助某人做某事9.make a difference to对 .产生影响10.make it possible for sb to do sth使得做某

22、事对某人来说是可能的 单元课文出现的好句子1. We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.我们要相处一个计划来告诉人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。6壹学英语No.1 English2. We cant put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制定计划了3. We could put up signs.我们可以张贴标志牌。拓展链接动词+副词 短语cheer up使高兴起来clean up打扫干净put up张贴mix up修理give away赠送give out分发giv

23、e up放弃use up用光get up起床hand in上交put off推迟pick up捡起think over仔细思考turn down关 小音量set up建立set off出发look out小心动词+介词 短语look after照顾belong to属于take after与 .相像hear from收到. 来信hear of听说pay for支付wait for等待动词+副词+介词 短语get out of避免come up with想出catch up with追上赶上look forward to期待盼望go on with继续动词+名词 短语have a rest休息一

24、下take a walk散步make mistakes犯错have a try试 一下take place发生tell a lie撒谎make a decision做决定 动词+名词+介词 短语have a look at看一看make a friend with与.交朋友have a word with与 .交谈have a drink of喝一点pay attention to注意make fun of取笑7壹学英语No.1 EnglishBe+形容词+介词 短语be late for迟到be angry with生气be fond of喜欢be good at擅长be good for对

25、.有好处be short of缺乏be similiar to与 .相似be strict with对 .严格要求be pound of骄傲 自豪语法点动词不定式归纳只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词决心学会有希望(decide,learn,wish,hope)同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend)忘记拒绝会失望(forget,refuse,fail)准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help)提供请求负担起(offer,beg,afford)8壹学英语No.1 English记得阻止理应当(remember stop,be supposed)相关阅读方法词义猜测阅

26、读法习题链接1. -Tom failed the exam again-Sorry to hear that. We should do something toA. cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him2.The boys volunteer three hours up thepark near their school. A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. with cleaning3.hospital now.A. used to be B. is used to be

27、 C.was used to be D.is4.The old man lives,but he doesnt feel .The woman in reda teacher.She works in aA. alone;alone B. lonely;lonely C.lonely;alone D. alone;lonely5.A.telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell6.-The old manall his money to a charity.Tina, I have something importantyou.A.took away B.put away

28、C.went away D.gave away7.We all feelafter hear of the news.A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excitedUnit3 Could you please clean your room?短语归纳9壹学英语No.1 English1.do the dishes洗餐具2.take out the trash倒垃圾4.stay out呆在外面；不在家3.go out外出10壹学英语No.1 English5. help out帮助做完某事7

29、. throw down扔下9.in surprise惊讶地6. at least至少8. all the time一直；反复10.as soon as一 .就.11.spendon .在花费(时间、金钱、精力)12. in order to为了13.provide sth for sb向某人提供某物14.depend on依赖；信赖15.look after照顾；照看16.keep it clean and tidy保持干净整洁17.get into进入18.take care of照顾19.as a result结果 用法归纳1. finish doing sth做完某事2.want sb

30、 to do sth想要某人做某事3.try (not) to do sth尽力(不)做某事4.let sb do sth让某人做某事5.spend . (in) doing sth花费做某事6. mind doing sth介意做某事7.learn to do sth学习做某事8.learn how to do sth学习怎样做某事9.The +比较级，the+比较级越，就越.语法点情态动词could的用法 表示请求与准许，could委婉有礼貌； 表示能力会不会，could只把过去表 表示怀疑不相信，could缓和情绪弱 推测可能用could,虚拟语气也常用 相关阅读方法11壹学英语No.1

31、 English细节阅读法Unit 4 why dont you talk to your parents?短语归纳1. too much太多（修饰不可数名词）2. hang out闲逛3.too many太多（修饰可数名词复数）4.get into a fight争吵5.call sb up给某人打电话7.look through浏览9. be angry with sb生某人的气11.work out解决；算出municate with sb与某人交流15.be afraid of害怕 .17.not. any more不再pete with sb与某人竞争21.all kinds of各

32、种各样23.in ones opinion依.看用法归纳1. allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 做某事呢？3.why not do sth ?为什么不做某事呢？做某事5.tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事7.let sb do sth让某人做某事6.talk about谈论8.give back归还10. a big deal重要的事情12. get on with sb与某人和睦相处14.beworried about担心 .16.in front of在.前面18. so much/many那么多20.cut out删除；删去pare.with.比较；对比2

33、4.turn down调小2. why dont you do sth?为什么不4. find sb doing sth发现某人在6.refuse to do sth拒绝做某事12壹学英语No.1 English9. not.until.直到才.10.its time to do sth该做某事了11.it +adj+to do sth做某事是的12.keep on doing sth继续做某事13. what do you think of.?你认为怎么样？语法点1. Why dont you+V ?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语2.连词until,so that以及although引导的状语

34、从句 相关阅读方法主谓一致法-完形填空Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?短语归纳1.wait for等待3. go off （闹铃）发出声音5. pick up接电话；捡起7. have fun玩的开心9.die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失11.in a mess乱七八糟13.take photos照相15.make ones way行走；前2.look for寻找4. take a shower洗澡6. make sure确信；务必8. fall asleep入睡；睡觉10. wake up醒来；叫醒12.in time of

35、 difficulty在困难时期14. turn on打开16.in silence沉默地；无声地18. tell the truth说实话17.take down摧毁；拆卸；记行下19.point out指出20.go away消失21.call out喊出13壹学英语No.1 English用法归纳1. be busy doing sth/be busy with sth忙于（做）某事2. see sb /sth doing sth看见某人或某物正在做某事3. begin/start to do sth开始做某事4. try to do sth努力去做某事5. have trouble（i

36、n）doing sth做某事又困难语法点 过去进行时过去进行最好记，was/were+doing特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段 肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前 否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添 相关阅读方法1.词义辨析法2.题目和中心句理解法Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains短语归纳1.work on从事3.take.away拿走，带走5.a little bit一点儿7.at other times平时；有时e out出现，出版，结果是2.as soon as一 就4.a good way to do sth做某事的好方法6.onc

37、e upon a time从前8.turn.into.变成10. get married结婚14壹学英语No.1 English11.fall in love with sb爱上某人13.be born出生15.all over the world全世界 事17.along the way沿路19.find out找出12.open up打开14.think of ways想出方法16.make a plan to do sth制定计划做某18.be lost迷路20.learn about了解用法归纳1.try to do sth设法做某事 事3. continue to do sth继续做

38、某事 某事5. keep doing sth一直做某事 做某事7. be able to sth能够做某事8.It takes/took .to do sth花费.做某6.instead of doing sth代替2.finish doing sth完成做某4.make sb do sth让某人做事9. have no time to do sth没有时间做某事10.become interested in doing sth对做某事感兴趣11.cant stop doing sth禁不住做某事12.hear sb doing sth听到某人正在做某事13.lead sb to somewh

39、ere引导某人到某处14.leave sth at/in somewhere把某物遗忘在某地15.show sb sth向某人展示 某物语法点1.unless引导的条件状语从句2. so.that.引导的结果状语从句15壹学英语No.1 English3. as soon as引导的时间状语从句相关阅读方法上下文暗示法和文体归类法Unit7 whats the highest mountain in the world?短语归纳1.take in吸入；吞入2.in the face of面对（问题；困难）3. at birth出生时4.as you can see正如你所看到的5. as fa

40、r as I know据我所知6.up to直到7.prepare .for.为.准备.8.fall over摔倒9.die from死于11.10.cut down砍到take care of照顾；照看12.or so大约；左右13.in danger处于危险之中用法归纳1.any other+名次单数 其他任何一个 .2. feel free to ask sb sth on就.随意问某人某事3.one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数最 .的 .之一4. whats the+形容词最高级+名词in the world?世界上最 .的.是什么？5. protect.from/ag

41、ainst保护使不受；防御6. succeed in doing sth成功做成某事16壹学英语No.1 English7. teach sb about sth教某人有关内容8. send sb to do sth派某人去做某事17壹学英语No.1 English9. There be sb/sth doing有某人/物正在做某事 语法点1.数词hundred,thousand,million,billion2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法 比较级变化规则 比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写 辅音字母加y结尾，要把y改i加er相关

42、阅读方法 固定搭配Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?短语归纳1.be full of充满3. put.down.5. hurry up赶快7.not long after that之后不久9.in the middle of在 .中间11.think about考虑13.ever since then从那时起15.such as例如的用法2.grow up长大4.at least至少6.bring back to sw带回到某地8.more than超出10.fight over与 .争吵；争斗e to realize逐渐意识到14.a kind

43、of一种16.belong to属于18壹学英语No.1 English17.find out找出；查出 结束的时候19.be famous for因为.而出名21.leave behind遗忘；留下23.the importance of money and success用法归纳1.finish doing sth完成做某事3.learn to do sth学习做某事 正在做某事5.name sb sth给某人取名为.7.use sth to do用某物做某事 欢做某事9.cant wait to do sth迫不及待做某事好11.hope to do sth希望做某事 时间做某事13ha

44、ve nothing to do没什么事情可做 语法点现在完成时相关阅读方法逻辑推理法Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?短语归纳18.at the end of the day在一天20.the mark of的印痕22.full of feeling充满感情金钱和成功的重要性2.arrive at/in sw到达某地4. see sb doing sth看到某人6. teach sb sth教某人某事8.love to do/doing sth喜10.be kind to sb对某人友19壹学英语No.1 English1.have a great t

45、ime玩的开心3.in such a rapid way用如此快速的方式 做某事5. a couple of少数；几个7.on the other hand2.put up搭建；支起4.be able to do sth能够6.take a ride兜风一方面9.three quarters四分之三8.more than多于；超过管.还是.11.wake up醒来 到头，终年13.close to靠进 用法归纳12.all year round一年1.a great way to do sth一个做某事的好方法 做10.whether.or.不了某事3.Its un believable th

46、at.很难相信 .某人做某事5. have problem (in)doing sth做某事很费劲7. the best time to do sth做某事的最佳时间4.encourage sb to do sth鼓励9.tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事2.watch sb to do sth观看某人语法点现在完成时区分：have been to和have gone to相关阅读方法 前后意义照应法6.As.as.和.一样8.choose to do sth选择做某事20壹学英语No.1 EnglishUnit10 Iv had this bike for three year

47、s短语归纳1.haw long多长，多长时间卖会3. give away捐赠；赠送2.have a yard sale举行庭院拍4.not. anymore不再 .5.welcome to .欢迎到6.check out察看；观察7.clear out收拾，整理8.at first起初9.no longer不再；不复11.a train and railway set一套轨道火车13.search for寻找15.according to依据；按照17.in order to为了10.as for .至于.12.to be honest说实在的14.across from在.对面16.In o

48、nes opinion依.看用法归纳1.Its+adj（+for sb）+to do sth （对某人来说）做某事是2.decide to do sth决定做某事3. have been in+地点 在某处待了多久5.hope to do sth希望做某事7.one of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数最 .的.之一是8. used to do sth过去常常做某事9. need to do sth需要做某事语法点 现在完成时1.since和for引导状语的区别21壹学英语No.1 English2.延续性动词和瞬间动词瞬间动词转为为延续动词表Borrow-keep buy-ha

49、ve catch a cold-have a cold put on-wear get to know-knowGet to sleep-sleep begin/start-be on go out-be out get to/arrive/reach-be(in)Die-be dead open-be open leave-be away finish-be over fall ill-be ill Join-be in/be amember of fall asleep-be asleep make friends-be friends Come/go-be+相应的介词close-be close go to bed-be in bed get up-be up相关阅读方法主旨大意理解法全书语法大归纳1.反身代词2.情态动词should和could的用法3.过去进行时4.现在完成时5.动词不定式6.状语从句22