grammar(网）.ppt

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1、名词性从句名词性从句STEP 1 Fill in the blanks 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词His job is important.What he does is important.主主语语 This is his job.This is what he does every day.表表语语Step 2 PresentationI dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.宾宾语语I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about

2、the fact that he is a teacher.同同位位语语什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？n在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句句 ( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses）n名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, , 它它在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语、同位语同位语等等n因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。Step 4 cons

3、olidation辨析句子辨析句子n1. That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.n2.Whether hell be able to come is not yet known.n3.Why they have not left yet is not clear so far.n4. She believed that he had not told her the truth.Step 4 consolidation辨析句子辨析句子n5. I wonder if/ whether thats a good ide

4、a.n6. Polly didnt know which way she should go.n7. Im interested in who that tall man is.n8. There was a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.Step 4 consolidation辨析句子辨析句子n9. My question is whether Polly can find her way home.n10. The problem is how Polly going to find us in the cro

5、wd.n11. The news that he couldnt come made us upset.n12. Whatever gave you the idea that I can sing ?Step 5、引导名词性从句的连接词、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 1.连接词：连接词：2.连接代词：连接代词：3.连接副词：连接副词： 名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词连接词 ：that、if、whether不作成分不作成分无意无意义义2. 连接代词连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、whi

6、ch3. 连接副词：连接副词： when、 where、why、how“是是否否”作主作主/宾宾/表表作状语作状语Step 6、Homework： 1.2.3.名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用？that / what1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.WhatThatthatwhat5.Is _ he told us true ?6.W

7、e should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.whatwhatthat名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。何成分

8、，只起连接作用。if 和和whether 的选用的选用？if / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. _we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.if / whetherWhether3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.whetherwhether/ifwhether6. The

9、question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.whetherwhetherwhetherif 和和whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.g .whether or no

10、t 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义, 正确的选择正确的选择who、 which、 when、where 、 why、 how 等连接词，这些等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。

11、我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _broke the glass yesterday.Whenwho我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.whatwhere关于that引导的主语从句n特点：特点：无意义，不作任何句中成分，无意义，不作任何句中成分，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不可以不可以省略！省略！nThat he is still alive is unbelievable.nThat we sha

12、ll be late is certain.三、关于引导词三、关于引导词that 有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚有时候为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，或者是为了强调，常用轻，或者是为了强调，常用it来做来做形式主形式主语语，把，把that引导的主语从句放到后面。引导的主语从句放到后面。nIt is certain that she will do well in her exam.nIt is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.nIts a pity that we cant g

13、o. 特点：无任何实际意义，也不作任何句子成分，只是起连接作用，且常常省略。nI think (that) English is easy to learn.nYou said (that) you like your mother very much.关于关于that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句n在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用在某些复合宾语的句式中，也常用it作形式宾语，把作形式宾语，把that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句放在后面。放在后面。nWho will see to it that everything will be ready before Mr. President comes

14、?特殊情况特殊情况that 在以下情况不省略：1. Make, find, feel, consider等这些词的后面用it作形式宾语时，that不省略。I find it necessary that we should study English.2. 及物动词后有两个宾语从句时，第二个that不可以省略。He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there.3. 与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般与动词相隔离的宾语从句一般不省不省略略that.The teacher tells us

15、very often that we should study hard.4.that引导的宾语从句放在句首时，引导的宾语从句放在句首时，为了表示强调为了表示强调,that不可以不可以省略。省略。That he has done such a thing I cant believe.nthat 引导表语从句，用来表示某一引导表语从句，用来表示某一事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，事实，也能表示某人的观点，意见，要求和希望等。要求和希望等。nThe problem is that her parents couldnt accept me.关于关于that引导的表语从句引导的表语从句n如果句子的

16、主语是suggestion, order, advice等名词时，后面that引导的表语从句用“(should)+动词原形”。nHis suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.nYour advice is that we (should) do the homework first.特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，特点：对前面的名词作进一步的说明，无实际意义，不作任何成分，无实际意义，不作任何成分，但不但不可以省略可以省略。 The news that our team won the first prize excit

17、ed all of us.关于关于that引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别四、同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中中that不但起连接作用，而且在定不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一 步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具 体内容。引导同位语从句的体内容。引导同位语从句

18、的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分, 只只 起连接作用起连接作用, 无具体含义无具体含义, 且不可省且不可省 略。略。名词性从句考点归纳名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序(1). 名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句构成有两种a. That + 陈述句陈述句That light travels in straight lines is known to all.b. 疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句

19、语序，不能用一般疑问句语陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )FT你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )TF practice1.-I think it is going to be a big p

20、roblem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _we can do about it.A.if B.how C.what D.that2._is no possibility _Bob can win the first prize in the match.A.There; that B.It; whatC.There; whether D.It; whether3.A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do.A.how B.after C.what D.when4.Can you tell me _?

21、A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is whoC.who that gentleman isD.whom is that gentleman5.He didnt know which room_.A.they lived B.they lived inC.did they live D.did they live in6.To get the job started, _I need is from here.A.only what B.all whatC.all that D.only that7.In some countries _is c

22、alled “equality” doesnt really mean equal rights for all people.A.which B.what C.that D.one8.Go and get your coat. Its _you left it.A.there B.whereC.there where D.where there9._you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.who C.That D.Whether10.The reason_I plan to go is _she will be disappoint

23、ed _I dont .A.why; because; when B.why; that; ifC.because; that; if D.why; that; whether11.-_can I do with a situation? -Take_measure you consider best.A.How ; whichever B.What; whateverC. How ;whatever D.What; whichever12._she said suggested that she hadnt decided _to go or not.A.What; if B.That; w

24、hetherC.What; whether D. Whether; what13.He made a promise _anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A.that B.if C.what D.that if 14._would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _there are all kinds of difficulties.A.Who;somewhere B.Whoever; whereC.Whatever; anywhere D.Who; t

25、here15.-Can I sit in the front row? -Yes. You can take _seat you like.A.whatever B.whatC.whichever D.which16.They lost their way in the forest and _made matters worse was _night began to fall.A.what; that B.it; that C.what; when D.which; what17._gone is gone. _no use talking about it any more.A.That

26、s; Its B.Whats ; ItsC.Its; Thats D.Thats; thats18.I didnt quite follow you . What was _you just said about the place?A.where B.whichC.that D.how19.It was _my father worked _I work now.A.where; that B.wherever; whereC.that; where D.that; that20.It was only_I reread his poems recently _I began to appreciate their beauty.A.that; when B.when; thatC.until; than D.when;thanI am not certain _ will win the championship.A.who B.that C.which D.whatAI doubt _he will be admitted to this university.I dont doubt_he will be admitted to this university. (whether / that)whetherthat