乔治_斯坦纳阐释学视角下_简_爱_译文中译者主体性研究_孙瑜.docx

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1、 分类号： _ 密级： A 4 U D C： _ 编号： _ A Study of Translator Subjectivity in Translation of Jane Eyre from George Steiner Hermeneutic Perspective 乔治 斯坦纳阐释学视角下简 爱译文中译者 主体性研究 学位授予单位及代码 ： 长春理工大学 _ (10186) 学科专业名称及代码 ： 外国语言学及应用语言学 （ 050211) 研究方向： 英语语言及教学法理论研究 申 请 学 位 级 别 ： 硕 士 指 导 教 师 ： 段 翠 霞 教 授 _ 研 究生： 孙瑜 论文起止

2、时间： 2011. 10-2013.05 长春理工大学硕士学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明 :所呈交的硕士学位论文，乔治 斯坦纳阐释学视角下简受 译文中译者主体性研究是本人在指导教师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得 的成果。除文中己经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经 发表或撰写过的作品成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均己在文 中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。 作者签名： I 緣 j 3 年 (Bronte, 2006: 1) Li: “寒冷的东风刮来的云这样阴阴沉沉，吹来的雨这样寒透内心，在做户外运动 是不可能的了 。 ”（ Li J

3、iye， 2004: 8) In this part of the original text, the word “sombre” and “penetrating” in Li Jiyes Chinese version are translated into “阴阴沉沉 and “ 寒透内心 According to this instance, we come to know that in the writers mind the sky is lack of brightness and colour. Because of the weather, Jane feels lone

4、ly and upset. And the second word “penetrating” means the tending to penetrate or having the power of entering or piercing. While in Chinese it means “寒透内心 ” which indicates that she is not only cold in body， but also cold and loneliness in her soul. From these examples we may find that Jane lives w

5、ith her families but used to be 18 lonely. In this part, the translators subjectivity gives the support to the translator to experience what the target text has described, and then he makes his choice to render his trust towards the original text. Another example: What do you want? I asked, with awk

6、ward difference. Say, What do you want, Master Reed? was the answer, I want you to come here; and seating himself in an arm-chair, he intimated by a gesture that I was to approach and stand before him.”（ Bronte， 2006: 4) Li: “你要做什么？ ”我即尴尬又疑虑不决地说。 “说 你要做什么，里德少爷？ ”是他的回话， “我要你到这里来。 ” 于是他 自己坐在一张扶手椅里，甩手势

7、表示要我走近他，站在他面前 。 （ Li Jiye， 2004: 11) In this fragment of Li Jiyes translation， the word “master” is used in the dialogue of Jane and Reed. The meaning of “master” may refer to the person who has the degree of master after he graduated from school, more specifically, it refers to the leader of primar

8、y school, a person who has general authority over others, or a man who is good at the skill in a certain field. Here, the person dexis of master is influenced by the original and the translators horizon and that is to say in the ideology of Chinese， “少爷 ” is pejorative and it is not an impression of

9、 Reed and the translator has the trust of this prejudice of Reed. And in this word of master, we may find that in the context of this dialogue, Reed is powerful and he orders Jane to beg him. The use of the “master” indicates that someone is higher and has more power than the listener. The trust of

10、the translator is creative and active. The Chinese meaning of “少爷 ” is not positive and commendatory* Furthermore， in Chinese history， the status of male is higher than the female and man is the labour of the family, he has the responsibility to hold the family. If this is a big and rich family, the

11、 birth of a boy seems to be very important to this family, the elder will take care of him as beads as treasure. He is brought up by indulgent parents and becomes to be arrogant and wilful, this kind of person is called “少爷 In this motion, the translators own linguistic and cultural consciousness pl

12、ay important role in translators subjectivity. The translator is initiative in this process and his subjectivity does work in this motion, he is faithful to the original text and he also respects the writer and the translated text. So, in this motion, the translator tries his best to be true to the

13、original text, and his choice combines the translators subjectivity within the motions. It is considered to be a combination of theory and practice. The translator makes his effort to believe that the original text is meaningful and significant, and finally activity of the translator provides a bett

14、er understanding of Jane Eyre. 19 4.2 Translator Aggression in the Version of Jane Eyre Aggression comes after the trust, as we have mentioned, the second move of the translator is incursive and aggressive. This step seems to be violent and aggressive, and it is mainly about comprehension and unders

15、tanding of the source text. Furthermore, the word comprehension in the dictionary means an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something or the knowledge acquired as a result. In Jeromes metaphor, the motion of aggression just looks like mine with scar after mining, we can find it out

16、 with our naked eye. While the state of aggression is similar to the motion of trust, they are not stable, for instance, some of the versions are less of the translatability, while others are not. So, the translators subjectivity tends to be creative and positive in the aggression of translation mot

17、ion, which should be studied from a dialectical view. In this motion, the translator subjectivity appears in the process of choosing meanings of the translated text. 4.2.1 Aggression of Linguistic Competence As we have known that the translator should have the ability to transfer the communication b

18、etween source language and target language. The translators subjectivity and ability can be examined by the means of his linguistic competence. Example: “It is Jane Eyre， sir. Soon to be Jane Rochester, he added: in four week， Janet; not a day more. Do you hear that?”（ Bronte, 2006: 280) Li: “这是简 .爱

19、，先生 。 ” “不久就要成简 .罗契司特了。 ”他加上说， “在四星期以内，小简，一天也不多。 你听到了吗？ ”（ Li Jiye， 2004:329) In this section， the word “Janet” is the core point of this case study and it is a nickname of Jane. Mr. Rochester uses this address to show his love to her. It is necessary for the translator to know the basic knowledge o

20、f the address forms used in western countries. The translator has to be invasive to the context of the source text If “Janet” is translated as “ 珍妮 特 ” the comprehension seems to be too aggressive. It is obviously that Mr. Rochester loves Jane so much that he wants to give everything he has, for a m

21、an? the most important thing is fame and his name relates to his fame directly, so he is willing to give his name to her and in this way he shows his true love to Jane. By using the nickname of Jane, they become closer. In Li Jiyes translation, he chooses the word Chinese and it refers to the feelin

22、g of love, it is consistently used in Chinese communication. So Li Jiye takes this word with “简 to complete his translation as j、 简 ”， the recreation of this address is the result of 20 translators subjectivity instead of choosing literal translation. In fact, the translator breaks development of tr

23、anslation studies. He makes the original text close to the Chinese readers and easy to understand. ne autumn morning; the early sun shone serenely on embrowned groves and still green fields; advancing on to the lawn, I looked up and surveyed the front of the mansion.(Bronte, 2006: 104) Li: “是晴朗的秋晨，朝

24、阳在变褐色的树丛和仍然发青的田地上恬静地照耀着。 我向前走到 坪上面，向上细看看这宅子的前边。 ”（ LiJiye， 2004:126) In this piece of translation, Jane takes advantage of a scene to express her emotion, she uses the words of “fine”， “serenely” and “green” express her happy when she came to the feel happy, and they are truly attracted by the plot

25、of Jane Eyre and the figure created by Li Jiye. Therefore, Li Jiye is faithful to the original text, in piece of translation, and he keeps the structure of the original. i 4.2*2 Aggression of Cultural Competence During the translation motion of aggression, the task for the translator to overcome the

26、 barriers of cultures seems to be essential. Here is the example: “As he was returning the box to his M， aistcoat pocket, a loud bell range for the servants， dinner.(Bronte, 2006: 19) Li: “在他把鼻烟盒向背心口袋里装的时候，召集仆人们吃午饭的铃声大响起来 ” (Li Jiye, 2004: 29) In this example， the “box” is translated as “鼻烟壶 ”， whic

27、h nearly has thirteen meanings, while the translator chooses a meaning which is close to the Chinese historical and social background of “鼻烟壶 In this motion， the translator invades the meaning of the source text and brings his own horizon into the target. That is, the translator invades and extracts

28、 the source text, and then brought the meaning home. He breaks the barriers of history, culture and self-experience and tries his best to comprehend the meaning of the original. Irj short, his translation and description indicate that “鼻 -烟壶 ” is not only used in Chinese, biit also famous in other c

29、ountries. The translator opens a window of the outside world for readers. the lock of the source language and his subjectivity plays a very important role in the 21 Example: 47 knew Mrs. Reed had not spoken for days: was she reviving? I went up to her. It is I， Aunt Reed. lWhoI? was her answer. Who

30、are you? looking at me with surprise and a sort of alarm, but still wildly. You are quite a stranger to mewhere is Bessie? She is at the lodge， aunt Aunt,1 she repeated. Who calls me aunt? You are not one of the Gibsons; and yet I know youthat face, and the eyes and forehead, are quiet familiar to m

31、e: you are likewhy, you are like Jane Eyre!(Bronte, 2006: 257) LU “我知道里德太太几天没有说话了。是她苏醒过来了吗？我走到她跟前。 “是我，里德舅母 。 ” 我？ ”是她的回答。 “你是谁？ ”她出奇吃惊地看着我，但还不狂乱。 “ 你 是我完全认不得的人一贝西在哪里 ？ ” “她在门房 ， aunt (舅母 ）。 ” “Aunt (姑母 ）！ ”她跟着念一遍。 “谁叫我 aunt?你又不是姓吉布森的人。不过 我认识你啊一那张脸、眼睛和前额，我都很熟悉，你像一嘻，你像简 爱！ ”(LUiye， 2004: 302) In this

32、 fragment， the word “aunt” contains different meanings， including “ 舅母 ” and “姑母 But for Jane Eyre, Mrs. Reed is the wife of her mothers brother who sent her to the boarding school. More specifically, “舅母 and “ 姑母 are collectively called aunt， and applied in Chinese culture. On the contrary, it is n

33、ot rigorously defined this family relation in west. In terms of the translated text, the translator distinguishes both expressions of aunt, and makes the characters psychological changes thoroughly. That is， Mrs. Reed thinks that someone calls her aunt (姑母 ） instead of aunt (舅母 ) . In Chinese cultur

34、e， 姑母 is more closely than “舅母 ” ，so that the translator chooses different expressions to translate this section and the information from the translated text is readable and acceptable. Thus, the translator has the ability to overcome the barriers of customs, and he provides clear character relation

35、ship for readers to know well. 4.3 Translator Incorporation in the Version of Jane Eyre The motion of incorporation consists of incorporation in meaning and form. It seems that in this motion, the translation is not done in a vacuum. The aggression to the original text is not negative and the transl

36、ator limitation is compromised by his own understanding and interpretation. 4.3.1 Incorporation of Form 22 In this motion, the translator tries to make the target language text meaningful, in order to do that, he has to be active to use the strategies of domestication and foreignization. Furthermore

37、, domestication refers to uan ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target-language cultural values, bringing the author back home.,? (Venuti, 1995: 20) and the foreignizing method refers to t4an ethnodeviant pressure on those values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the

38、foreign text, sending the reader abroad.,? (Venuti, 1995:20) Under this circumstance, the translator needs to be positive and initiative in the process of translation. Based on the native semantic field, the translator has to assimilate other elements of the source text, and provides chances for the

39、 new elements of the target language text. Some of the elements can be assimilated, while some are not. Here are some examples of four-character structure from the version: Where the Northern Ocean, in vast whirls Boils round the naked melancholy isles Of farthest Thule; and the Atlantic surge.(Bron

40、te, 2006: 2) Li: “在那里，北部海洋的滚滚洪涛 、 绕着极北地区的荒凉光岛汹涌沸腾， 而且大西洋的巨浪 在狂风暴雨的赫布里群岛间注进。 ”（ Li Jiye， 2004: 10) In this part， “滚滚洪涛 ” refers to “invast whirls”， “汹涌沸腾 ” refers to “boils round” and “狂风暴雨 ” refers to “stormy”. According to the examples, the Chinese four-character idioms are used to make the reader

41、close to the writer in order to get a better comprehension of the source text. That is, the incorporation of form actually highlights the value of both the source text and translated text. And the method of domestication is used by the translator in a positive way, and it is considered as the combin

42、ation of Chinese and western cultures. Example: A young lady accustomed to tuitiony (had I not been a teacher two years?) is desirous of meaning with a situation in a private family where the children are under fourteen (I thought that as 1 was barely eighteen, it would not do to undertake the guida

43、nce of pupils near my own age). She is qualified to teach the usual branches of a good English education, together with French, Drawing, and Music（ in those days, reader, this now narrow catalogue of accomplishments, would have been held tolerably comprehensive). Address, J.E.， Post-office, Lowton，

44、-shire， ”（ Bronte， 2006: 90) LU “兹有己有教学经验的年轻女子，（我没有当过两年教员吗？）意欲得一教授十 四岁一下儿童之私馆位置（我想我自己还不足十八岁，要教导更接近自己年岁的人是 不成的）。教授良好英国教育中各种普通课程，以及法文、绘画、音乐，均可胜任。（在 那时候，读者，这样范围狭小的成就，人们会认为是满宽广的了。）信寄 XX 郡，劳顿 23 邮局 J.E.收。 （ LiJiye， 2004: 111) This is an advertisement written by Jane Eyre, the original flavour of the sour

45、ce text is kept by the translator. As to the form， “ 兹有，意欲， is the formal advertisement writing form, the translator applies the method of literal translation to take the original meaning back， and he brings the charm of 让 Le age. For instance， “J.E.” refers to the abbreviated form of Jane Eyre， and

46、 the translator does not translate it into “简爱 ” instead of “J.E.” For the reason that， it is about the personal privacy especially for a lady. Furthermore， male and female status is not equal， and “J.E.” is just like a kind of protection for Jane Eyre. Thus, the translator task is not only to trans

47、late the literal meaning, but also about the understanding of the source text. 4,3.2 Incorporation of Meaning In the motion of incorporation, the word is of great sense. The method of foreginization is widely used in this step. The role of the translator is crucial, for the reason that the translato

48、rs subjectivity includes the elements about the translators translation view, historical background，personality, etc. Based on the translators subjectivity， the meaning of the source text will be rendered in a creative and positive way* Here is the example: ilDear! dear! What a fury to fly at Master

49、 John! Did ever anybody see such a picture of passion!”（ Bronte, 2006: 6) LU “哎呀！哎呀！竟敢扑上约翰少爷的身上打，这么泼辣 ！ ” “有人看过这样爆性子吗？ ”(LiJiye, 2004: 6) In this dialogue， the word “fliry” which means a feeling of anger and a feeling of being wild, it is well used in this part to show that the servants surprise and angry. Her words are sharp and