定语及定语从句.ppt

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1、I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the Attribute. 1. There was one thing disturbing Tom: she did not know Mrs Flower had a pet dog.2. There is only one thing left for me to do.3. The money that Mrs Flower had should be passed to the right person.4. Do you know the

2、 third boy from the back of the first team?_5. Charles comes from a word meaning” man of the common people” - a man who works on the land.6. A man known as Tom Kingcook might have been a cook for a king.7. A man who worked as a tailor might be called Mr Tailor.8. A man who was the son of Jack might

3、call himself Jackson._II. Complete the following sentences:1. A man _(摔断了一摔断了一条腿的）条腿的）was waiting to see the detective.2. One of the letters _ (在科尔先生信箱里）在科尔先生信箱里） is from the police station.3. Mr Baker is in the office _(在二楼）在二楼）just next to the stairs.with a broken legin Mr. Coals mailboxon the sec

4、ond floor4. Have you talked with_4. Have you talked with_( (不不认识认识的）的）man man _ _ _(_(在在侦侦探身探身边边坐着）？坐着）？ 5. They can see _(5. They can see _(微笑的）微笑的）faces everywhere in the village.faces everywhere in the village.6. Could you let me have a piece of 6. Could you let me have a piece of _(_(写写信用的）信用的）p

5、aper, paper, please?please?7. In the end he found a way 7. In the end he found a way _ _ ( (解解决这个难题决这个难题）. .8. Is there any news 8. Is there any news _(_(有有关关他是否遇他是否遇见见了那位年了那位年轻妇轻妇女）？女）？ the unknownthe unknownsitting beside thesitting beside thedetectivedetectivesmilingsmilingwritingwritingto solve

6、the difficult problemto solve the difficult problemabout whether he has met the young about whether he has met the young womanwomanIII. III. 定语从句：定语从句：( (一）关系词的确定与选择一）关系词的确定与选择一看先行词（人一看先行词（人/ /物）物）二看关系词在从句中的作用（主二看关系词在从句中的作用（主/ /谓谓/ /宾宾/ /表表/ /定定/ /状状/ /补）补）三看特殊用法三看特殊用法1 在下列情况下只用在下列情况下只用that，不用，不用whi

7、ch 先行词是先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时等不定代词时There is nothing ( that ) I can do.I mean the one that was brought yesterday. 先行词被先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时等词修饰时 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. You may take home any of these books t

8、hat you like. .先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时修饰时 This is the first composition (that)he has written in English. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.先行词被先行词被the only, the very(正是正是,恰是恰是), the same, the last修饰时修饰时 The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like. This is the very boo

9、k (that) I want to find. The last place( that) we visited was the hospital. 当先行词有两个或两个以上时当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有既有人人又有又有物物,定语从句用定语从句用that 引导引导 (that既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物) He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.2 下列情况不能使用下列情况不能使用that,而用而用which that 不能引导不能引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Football, which is

10、 a very interesting game, is played all over the world. that不能置于不能置于介词之后介词之后（介词后指物（介词后指物用用which,指人用指人用whom）The person _I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize _he worked so hard was a new bicycle.to whom for which 3. as 做关系代词的用法做关系代词的用法1 关系代词常出现在关系代词常出现在the sameas, suchas, soas, asas

11、 等结构中等结构中This is not such a book as I expected.I live in the same building as he (lives in). As many children as came here were my fathers pupils. the samethat和和the sameas的区别的区别I have bought the same watch as you have.我买了一块和你一样的手表。我买了一块和你一样的手表。（我的手表和你的手表很像，但不是同一（我的手表和你的手表很像，但不是同一块。）块。）This is the sa

12、me watch that I lost. 这就是我丢的那块手表。这就是我丢的那块手表。（这手表和我丢的手表是同一块）（这手表和我丢的手表是同一块） such., so nice a day短语后缺少一个短语后缺少一个成分时，一般用成分时，一般用as引导定语从句引导定语从句； so / such that不缺少成分时，用不缺少成分时，用that 引引导状语从句。导状语从句。 Its so nice a day _ we all want to have a walk along the river.Its so special a day _ Ill never forget all my l

13、ife. that asHere is so big a stone _ no man can lift.This is so big a stone _ no man can lift it.asthat 4 as引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前的整个句子（即先行词），可置于号前的整个句子（即先行词），可置于句首句首或或句末句末。 This elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see. Mary was late for school, as often happened.As is known to all, the

14、 earth is round. 当当as作主语时，后面常接下列句型：作主语时，后面常接下列句型： 1as has been said before 如上所述如上所述 2as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样正如可以想象出来的那样 3as is well known 众所周知众所周知 4as was expected 正如预料的那样正如预料的那样 5as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那样正如已经指出的那样 6as we all can see 正如我们都能看到的正如我们都能看到的 as 指代一句话和指代一句话和which 指代一

15、句话的用法区指代一句话的用法区别别当主句和从句语义一致时，用当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；当两句语义；当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时，用不一致或从句为否定时，用which。 He made a long speech, _ was expected. He made a long speech, _was unexpected. Tom drinks a lot every day, _ his wife doesnt like at all. aswhichwhich5. whose + n 表示所属关系，可变为表示所属关系，可变为n + of which/ whom， 表示部分关系时，也

16、可用表示部分关系时，也可用部分关系词部分关系词 + of which/ whom. The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by the angry crowd.6. 关系副词关系副词when, where, why也相当于介词也相当于介词 (on, in, at, for) + which Ill never forget the years _ we worked together. Ill never forget the day _ I joined the Party. in which /whenon

17、which/ when7、 “介词关系代词介词关系代词”的确定：的确定： “介介词词 + 关系代词关系代词”在逻辑上作定语从句中在逻辑上作定语从句中的状语或定语，可以转化成一个单句，的状语或定语，可以转化成一个单句，推断出其需要的介词。推断出其需要的介词。The stories about the Long March, _ this is one example, are well written. This is one example of the stories.of which8 8、定语从句中关系词的省略情况：、定语从句中关系词的省略情况：1、关系代词作定语从句的、关系代词作定语从

18、句的宾语宾语可以省去，可以省去，作主语或介词提前时，不能省略。作主语或介词提前时，不能省略。2、 在在reason, way, time作先行词时，后作先行词时，后面的关系词可用面的关系词可用that，也可以省略。，也可以省略。I admired the way (that) he answered this question. （二二）定）定语从语从句中的主句中的主谓谓一致一致 引引导词导词在定在定语从语从句中作主句中作主语时语时，其，其谓语动词谓语动词人人称称和和数数要根据引要根据引导词导词所指所指内内容而定容而定。例如：。例如：1. Here are such sentences as

19、_often used by the students. 2. I, who _a Party member, should work hard for our country. 3. He was one of the students who _praised for it. 4. He was the only one of the students who _praised for it. areamwerewas We all have heard the news _ our team won. We dont believe the news _ he told us yeste

20、rday.that (同位语从句，同位语从句，that从句表示从句表示news的内容，的内容，that 在从句中不作任何成分在从句中不作任何成分)that/which (定语从句，定语从句，that 作作told 的宾语的宾语)2 定语从句与状语从句定语从句与状语从句。试比较：。试比较： He left the key_ he had been an hour before. He left the place _he lived for many years. He is such a good teacher _all of us love and respect.where(where引

21、导地点状语从句，相当于引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where)where(where 引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰the place) as (as 引导定语从句引导定语从句) He is such a good teacher _we all like him.3 定语从句与主语从句定语从句与主语从句。试比较：。试比较： _is known to us all, paper was first made in China. _is known to us all that paper was first made in China.that(that引导结果状语

22、从句引导结果状语从句,suchthat “如此如此以致以致” As(as 引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首于句首)It (it 做形式主语，代替做形式主语，代替that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句) 4定语从句与强调结构定语从句与强调结构。试比较：。试比较： It is the house _I met the young man. It was in the house _I met the young man.where (where 引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语在定语从句中作地点状语从句中作地点状语)th

23、at (本句为强调结构，可还原为本句为强调结构，可还原为I met the young man in the house.)1. It is the young man _ looked for _ caught the murderer. A.that who B. that they C . they that D theywhich2. Is this factory _ we visited last year? A. where B in which C. the one D at which3. The book, the cover _ is broken, is not min

24、e. A. of it B for C whose D of which4. This is Mr Smith, _ I think has something interesting to tell you.A . who B whom C. that D. x 5 Who _ has seen the TV film doesnt admire it?A . that B who C which D as 6 You can never imagine what great trouble I have had _ the patient who received a serious wo

25、und.A.treat B. to treat C treating D treated 7. This is the last time _ I shall give you a lesson.A. when B that C which D in which8. I dont like the way _ you laugh at her. A . that B on which C which D as9._ we all know, swimming is a very good sport.A. Which B.That C.As D.Who 10.I shall never for

26、get those years _ I lived in the farm _ you visited last week. A.when,where B.which,which C.when , which D.which , where 11.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.the C.that D.which12.My glasses, _ I was like a blind man, fell to the

27、ground and broke. A.which B.with which C.without which D.that 13.A harvester is a machine _ we harvest crops or a person _ is harvesting. A.which , who B.that , that C.with which , who D./, that14.I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A.as B.that C.which D.what15.Chapin, _ money was now no

28、problem , start a new film company with his friends. A.whose B.which C.for whom D.who16.Please put the letter _ he can easily find it. A.in which B.where C.the place where D.in the place 17.The reason _ I was away from school is _ I was ill yesterday. A.that , that B.why , why C.why, that D.that , w

29、hy18.Antarctic ,_ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A.which B.where C.that D.about which19.She was _ I met at the party , _ you knew. A.who , whom B.whom , who C.the one , as D.the one , whose20.-How do you like the book? -Its quite different from _ I read last month.

30、 A.that B.which C.the one what D.the one21. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all （三）易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句（三）易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句1 定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系系“的（名词）的（名词）”。而同位语从句是用来。而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词从句同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply等。等。that在定语从句中在定语从句中作成分作成分，可用，可用which 或或who/whom代替；而代替；而that在同位语从句中在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分不充当任何句子成分，只起连，只起连接作用。试比较：接作用。试比较：