2015中考英语专项---动词复习.ppt

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1、 2014年中考- 动动词专题复习词专题复习A A、考点、考点: :一、七种时态一、七种时态(过去、现在、将来过去、现在、将来? 一般、进行一般、进行还是还是完成完成?） 一般现在时一般现在时( (及被动语态及被动语态) )现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时一般将来时一般将来时( (及被动语态及被动语态) )一般过去时一般过去时( (及被动语态及被动语态) )过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时 过去完成时（不单独考察过去完成时（不单独考察, ,但阅读理解会有）但阅读理解会有） 1 1、动词时态、动词时态（1 1）一般现在时一般现在时表示现在经常做的事，习惯性动表示现在经常做的事，习

2、惯性动作，现在的状态，或者客观真理。作，现在的状态，或者客观真理。注意动词的注意动词的第三人称单数第三人称单数形式。形式。（2 2）现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。表示现在正在进行的动作。构成：构成：am, is, are+ am, is, are+ 现在分词现在分词（动词的（动词的inging形式）形式）（3 3）现在完成时现在完成时。结构：。结构：have/ has+have/ has+过去分词过去分词现在完成时的两个含义：现在完成时的两个含义：过去过去发生或已经完成的动作发生或已经完成的动作对现在对现在造成的结果或造成的结果或影响。（着重现在的结果。）影响。（着重现在的结果。

3、）现在完成时表示现在完成时表示过去过去已经开始，持续已经开始，持续到现在到现在的动的动作或状态。作或状态。用延续性动词用延续性动词。（4 4）一般将来时一般将来时表示从现在看将要发生的事表示从现在看将要发生的事（将会怎么样），或计划打算做某事。（将会怎么样），或计划打算做某事。结构：结构：willwill+ +动词原形，动词原形，be going tobe going to+ +动词动词原形原形（5 5）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。表示过去发生的动作。动词要用动词要用过去式过去式。（6 6）过去进行时过去进行时指过去某一时刻或某段时间指过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，也表示一

4、个动作进行时，另正在进行的动作，也表示一个动作进行时，另一个动作突然发生，或者一个动作发生时，另一个动作突然发生，或者一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。一个动作正在进行。结构：结构：was/ were+was/ were+现在分词现在分词（动词的动词的inging形式）形式）（7 7）过去将来时过去将来时是指从过去的某一时是指从过去的某一时间看，将要发生的事，或某人说过他要干间看，将要发生的事，或某人说过他要干什么。什么。 结构：结构：would+would+动词原形动词原形（8 8）过去完成时过去完成时是指到过去的某个时是指到过去的某个时间为止已经完成的动作，或者指过去的某间为止已经完成的

5、动作，或者指过去的某个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作（过去个时间之前已经发生或完成的动作（过去的过去）。的过去）。结构：结构：had+had+过去分词。过去分词。2 2、时态一致原则：、时态一致原则：（1 1）在）在宾语从句宾语从句中，如果中，如果主句是现在时主句是现在时，从句的动，从句的动词可根据意义，用词可根据意义，用所需的所需的任何任何时态时态。（2 2）在）在宾语从句宾语从句中，如果中，如果主句是过去时主句是过去时，从句的时，从句的时态一般要用态一般要用过去过去的某个时态（客观真理除外）。的某个时态（客观真理除外）。 在在宾语从句宾语从句中，如果中，如果主句是过去时主句是过去时，从句的动

6、作，从句的动作发生在主句动作发生在主句动作之前之前，要用，要用过去完成时过去完成时（过去的过去）。（过去的过去）。 在在宾语从句宾语从句中，如果主句是过去时，从句的动作中，如果主句是过去时，从句的动作发生在主句动作发生在主句动作之后之后，要用，要用过去将来时：过去将来时：would+would+动词原形动词原形（3 3）在）在时间状语从句时间状语从句和和条件状语从句条件状语从句中（或在让步中（或在让步状语从句中），如果状语从句中），如果主句是一般将来时主句是一般将来时（或祈使句，（或祈使句，或含情态动词或含情态动词can, may, mustcan, may, must），），从句要用一般现在

7、从句要用一般现在时时表示将来。表示将来。二、动词形式二、动词形式（1 1）原形原形（除除“一般现在时的第三人称单数一般现在时的第三人称单数”外的外的一般现在时一般现在时、祈使句祈使句、不带不带toto的的动词不定式动词不定式，助动词助动词will/wont/do/dont/does/doesnt/will/wont/do/dont/does/doesnt/did/didntdid/didnt等后接动词原形等后接动词原形，情态动词情态动词+ +动词原形动词原形等等）（2 2）带带toto的的动词不定式动词不定式 ( (to +to +动词原形动词原形) )（3 3）动词的）动词的-s-s形式形式

8、（用于一般现在时的第三人称单用于一般现在时的第三人称单数数）（4 4）动词的）动词的inging形式形式（动名词，现在分词动名词，现在分词）（5 5）过去式过去式 （用于一般过去时用于一般过去时）（6 6）过去分词过去分词（构成完成时和被动语态构成完成时和被动语态）1 1、动词、动词原形原形（1 1）一般现在时一般现在时除单三形式除单三形式都用都用原形原形。（2 2）祈使句祈使句：动词动词原形原形开头开头, , 可加可加please, letplease, let。 否定祈使句否定祈使句 Dont +Dont +动词动词原形原形（3 3）助动词助动词do, does, diddo, does,

9、 did帮助构成疑问帮助构成疑问句后用句后用动词动词原形原形，dont, doesnt, dont, doesnt, didnt, will, wont +didnt, will, wont +动词原形动词原形（4 4）情态动词情态动词can, could, cant, can, could, cant, couldnt, may, must, mustnt, couldnt, may, must, mustnt, should should 等等+ +动词动词原形原形（5 5）had better had better dodo sth, sth, had better had better

10、 not donot do sth. sth.（6 6）why not why not dodo sth? sth?（7 7）would you please would you please dodo sth? sth? would you please would you please not donot do sth? sth?（8 8）prefer prefer to doto do sth rather than sth rather than dodo sth sth else else （9 9）不带不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式使役动词使役动词let, have, mak

11、e sb. let, have, make sb. dodo sth sth ( (改为被动语态要加改为被动语态要加to)to)感官动词感官动词 see, hear, watch, feel, see, hear, watch, feel, notice(notice(注意到注意到) sb.) sb. dodo sth. ( sth. (改为被动改为被动语态要加语态要加to)to) ( (看到，听到，感到，注意到某人看到，听到，感到，注意到某人做了做了某事某事) )注意：注意：see, hear, watch, notice see, hear, watch, notice sb. sb. d

12、oingdoing sth sth ( (看到，听到，感到，注意到某人看到，听到，感到，注意到某人正在做正在做某事某事) )2 2、带带toto的不定式的不定式动词不定式的否定动词不定式的否定Mother told meMother told me not tonot to g o o u t a l o n e a t g o o u t a l o n e a t night.night.跟动词不定式的动词跟动词不定式的动词want (sb) want (sb) to doto do sth sthask (sb) ask (sb) to doto do sth. sth.tell (sb

13、) tell (sb) to doto do sth. sth.seem seem to doto do (be) (be) wish wish to doto do sth sthhope hope to doto do sth sthagree agree to doto do sth sthexpect (sb) expect (sb) to doto do sth sthrefuse refuse to doto do sth sthdecide decide to doto do sth sthmake a decision make a decision to doto do st

14、hsthafford afford to doto do sth sthhave enough have enough to doto do sthsthlearn learn to doto do sth sthtry try to doto do sth sthfail fail to doto do sth sthfind sb. find sb. to beto be.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语Lets get something delicious Lets get something delicious to to eateat. .Its ones duty Its one

15、s duty to doto do sth. sth.wait for ones turn wait for ones turn to doto do sth. sth.动词不定式表目的动词不定式表目的use sth. use sth. to doto do sth sth be used be used to doto do sth sthdo(try) ones best do(try) ones best to doto do sth sthHe flew to Beijing He flew to Beijing to spend his to spend his holidayhol

16、iday. .He cameHe came to give us a talk to give us a talk yesterday. yesterday.形容词形容词+ +动词不定式动词不定式be be enough enough to doto do sth sthbe afraid be afraid to doto do sth sthbe sorry be sorry to doto dobe glad be glad to doto doBe careful Be careful to doto do sth sthIts Its (for sb.) (for sb.) to d

17、oto do sth.sth.Its Its (of sb.) (of sb.) to doto do sth. sth.tootoo to to结构结构疑问词疑问词+ +动词不定式动词不定式where to go, what to do, where to go, what to do, how to do it, how to answer how to do it, how to answer the questionthe question下面的半情态动词含下面的半情态动词含totoused to do sth used to do sth would like to do sthwo

18、uld like to do sthbe able to do sthbe able to do sthhave to do sthhave to do sth3 3、动词的、动词的-ing-ing形式形式-动名词动名词动名词做主语动名词做主语TravelTravelinging by air is very exciting. by air is very exciting.TakTaking ing care of our environment is very care of our environment is very important.important.动名词做宾语动名词做宾语

19、keep dokeep doinging sth. practise do sth. practise doinging sth sthenjoy doenjoy doinging sth sth finish dofinish doinging sth sthbe worth dobe worth doinging sth sth give up dogive up doinging sth sthkeep on dokeep on doinging sth sth carry on docarry on doinging sth sthfeel like dofeel like doing

20、ing sth sth介词介词+ +动名词作宾语动名词作宾语be good be good atat do doinging sth sthdo well do well inin do doinging sth sthinstead instead ofof do doinging sth sthstop sb. (stop sb. (fromfrom) do) doinging sth sthprevent sb. (prevent sb. (fromfrom) do) doinging sth sthkeep sb. keep sb. fromfrom do doinging sth(

21、sth(阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事) )keep sb. doing sthkeep sb. doing sth（使某人不断做某事）（使某人不断做某事）4 4、既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟动名词的动词、既可以跟动词不定式又可以跟动名词的动词like, love, hatelike, love, hate( (恨，讨厌）恨，讨厌）, begin, start, begin, start5 5、下列动词跟动词不定式和跟动名词意思不同、下列动词跟动词不定式和跟动名词意思不同remember doing sth remember doing sth 记得做了记得做了remember to do sth

22、 remember to do sth 记着要做记着要做forget doing sth forget doing sth 忘记做过了忘记做过了forget to do sth forget to do sth 忘了要做忘了要做stop doing sth stop doing sth 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do sth stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事停下来做另一件事go on doing sth go on doing sth 继续做继续做go on to do sth go on to do sth 接下来做接下来做6 6、动词的动词的-ing-ing形式形式

23、-现在分词现在分词现在分词表伴随动作现在分词表伴随动作be busy dobe busy doinging sth sthBeethoven worked all night Beethoven worked all night writwritinging down the new piece of music.down the new piece of music. friends get together and go from friends get together and go from house to house house to house singsinginging Ch

24、ristmas Christmas songssongs.现在分词用于进行时现在分词用于进行时: :现在进行时现在进行时:am/ is/ are+:am/ is/ are+现在分词现在分词 过去进行时过去进行时: was/ were+: was/ were+现在分词现在分词7 7、过去分词（规则变化、过去分词（规则变化+ed, +ed, 不规则变化）不规则变化） 过去分词构成完成时、被动语态过去分词构成完成时、被动语态 现在完成时现在完成时: have/ has+: have/ has+过去分词过去分词 被动语态一般现在时被动语态一般现在时: :am,is,aream,is,are+ +过去分

25、过去分词词 一般过去时一般过去时: :was, werewas, were+ +过去分词过去分词 一般将来时一般将来时: : will bewill be+ +过去分词过去分词 含情态动词含情态动词: :can/may/must becan/may/must be+ +过去分过去分词词B B、做题方法：、做题方法：1 1、根据、根据上下文上下文和和关键词关键词（信号词）（信号词）判断判断时态时态。2 2、注意、注意动名词、不定式、原形动名词、不定式、原形3 3、注意单、复数、注意单、复数4 4、想着、想着被动语态被动语态真题再现真题再现 A Jim is a lovely boy, but h

26、e 81 (have)a bad memory. Last Sunday morning. Tom 82 (play)in his bedroom when his mother asked him 83 (go) shopping. She told him not to forget to buy six oranges, ten eggs and some meat. Mum, I 84 _ (remember). Tom answered with a smile. When he 85 (return) home and saw his mother, his face turned

27、 red. He said, I am sorry, mum. I have forgotten to buy oranges and meat. I remembered to buy the eggs, but I dropped four of them.haswas playingto go will remember /have rememberedreturnedBDear Li Ping, I havent heard from you for long. How are you 86 (get)on with your work? I 87 _ (finish) the exa

28、ms already. I think I 88 _ (be)able to pass them. Now I have much time 89 _ (write) this letter to you. At school we are often 90 _ (tell)that China is a beautiful country.Though it is far away from New York. I d like to go there one day.Please write back soon.have finishedwill beto writetold真题再现真题再

29、现 AA: May I （81）_（speak）to Susan, please?B: Speaking. Is that you. Tom?A: Yes. it is. Im going to New York tomorrow.B. Oh, how lucky you are! How long （82）_you _（stay）there?A: Two days. Well, Susan, you（83）_（be）there several times. Can you tell me something about the city?B: Id love to. We can have

30、a talk this evening.A: Why （84）_（not come）over to dinner at my house at five oclock? My mother （85）_（cook）for us now.B: OK. See you at five oclock.A: See you. speakhavestayedhave beennot comeis cooking B In England nobody under the age of eighteen（86）_（allow）to drink in a bar（酒吧）（酒吧）. Everyone（87）_（

31、know）it well. It was Jacks eighteenth birthday yesterday. Mr. Smith（88）_（take） him to his usual bar for the first time. They drank for half an hour, and then Mr. Smith said to his son, “Now, Jack, （89）_（listen）to me. You must always be careful（90）_（not drink）too much.” “But how can I know I have had

32、 enough?” “Well, I will tell you. Do you see those two lights at the corner of the bar? When you see four there, youve had enough and should go home.” “But, Dad,” said Jack, “I can only see one light there.”is allowedknowstooklistennot to drink真真题题 再现再现 AOne night, a 5-year-old son (81) _ (teach) by

33、 his mother about God. “Do you know that God (82) _ (know) where everybody is , and exactly what they are doing. So if you do something wrong, he (83) _ (get) angry.” The little boy (84) _ (look) at his mother and said, “Wow! He must (85) _ (have) a computer!”was toldknowswill getlookedhaveBSummer (

34、86) _ (come) now. If its a bright clear day outside, you had better (87) _ (wear) a pair of sunglasses. They can help you stop the sunshine from (88) _ (hurt) your eyes. If you (89)_already _ (regard) sunglasses as a part of your summer life, thats good. If not, please (90) _ (learn) to do so.is com

35、ing / has comewearhurtinghaveregardedlearn A My little brother is a couch-potato(电视迷电视迷). He can keep 6_ (watch)TV for a whole day without a rest. One day, when h e 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ( w a t c h ) T V , he8_(stop)by my mother. Mother said to him, “If you9_(watch)it for too long. Your eyes5_(become)

36、bad!”watchingwas watchingwas stoppedwatchwill becomeExercises: B I think the children can _ (1 share) some housework, its a big help because parents _ (2work) hard every day. Last Sunday morning, I _ (3 plan) to play football, but when I saw my mum _ (4 get) ready for the washing. I decided to help

37、her. So I told my friends _ (5 play) football by themselves. Mum was happy to see that, she was proud of me. shareworkplannedgettingto play C Im busy working these days. I (1)_(not receive) any news from my family since last Sunday. Now I (2)_(send)an e-mail to them. My father (3)_(tell) me to buy h

38、im a new TV set. He enjoys (4)_(watch) TV plays. If I am free, Ill buy one for him. I t h i n k h e w i l l b e v e r y h a p p y (5)_(see) it.havent receivedam sendingtoldwatchingto see DXiao Qing likes_(1play) computers games very much. He used _ (2play) games in the Internet bar every day. But no

39、w he _ (3study) hard. He said, “I _ (4waste) a lot of time. I must work harder_ (5catch) up with my classmates.” Its never too late to study!playing/to playto playis studyinghave wastedto catch E All of my students think Im a good teacher. I (1) _ (work) in the school since 1999. I am always nice to

40、 my students. I often (2)_ (help) them with their school work. So I(3)_ (regard) as their best friend. They love me very much and they often do something nice for me. One day before Teachers Day, some of my students (4)_(buy) me some presents. When they gave me the presents, they said “ Thank you fo

41、r teaching us so well and we (5)_ (study) harder than before.” How nice my students are!have worked/have been workinghelpam regardedboughtwill study FThe 2008 Olympic Games _ (6 hold) in Beijing. So more and more people _ (7 learn) to speak English. Gao Ming is a Junior school student, his English is good and he _(8 be) a volunteer(志愿者志愿者). These days, he _ (9 be) busy teaching his neighbors English. “_(10 make) more contributions to the 2008 Olympic Games is essential” , he said. will be heldare learningisisMaking