Grammar (11).ppt

《Grammar (11).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Grammar (11).ppt（28页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、zxxkAnswer some questions about the conversation between Mr Chen and Millie.Model 1:Has Sunshine Town changed a lot? Yes, it has.Model 2:Have Mr Chen and his wife moved out of the town? No, they havent. Questions:1. Has the government built a new park? 2. Have most of Mr Chens old friends moved away

2、?3. Has it become impossible for them to see each other as often as before?Yes, it has.Yes, they have.Yes, it has.zxxkThe Present Perfect Tense（现在完成时）（现在完成时）1. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.e.g. I have lived here since

3、I was born. She has worked in this factory for nine years.2. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and have a connection with the present. e.g. Eddie has just eaten Hobos food. (Eddie ate the food, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.) I have already seen the

4、 film? (I saw the film in the past and now I still remember something about the film.)3. We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now.e.g. I have already read this book many times. Mr Chen has been to the USA twice. I / You/ We / They have arrive

5、d.He / She / It has4. We make positive statements in the present perfect tense like this:5. We make negative statements in the present perfect tense like this:I / You/ We / They have notarrived.He / She / It hashave not = havent has not = hasnt6. We ask and answer questions using the present perfect

6、 tense like this:HaveI / you/ we / theyarrived?Hashe / she / it Yes,I / you/ we / theyhave.he / she / it has.No,I / you/ we / theyhavent.he / she / it hasnt.7. We form the past participles of regular verbs by adding -ed, just as what we do to form the simple past tense of these verbs.zxxkMost verbs

7、+edfinish finishedVerbs ending in -e +d change changedVerbs ending in a consonant + y -y +iedcarry carriedShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant double the consonant +edstop stopped8. We form the past participles of irregular verbs differently. Here are some examples.No changecomecome hurt hurt

8、Change the vowelhold held win wonChange the consonantlendlent build builtChange the vowel(s) and the consonant(s)catch caught keep kept forget forgotten tell toldOthersbe been have had fall fallen fly flowndraw drawn see seenThe following shows more examples of the past participles of some verbs.vis

9、it repair livemovetry studyfitplanvisited repaired livedmovedtried studiedfittedplannedhitputmeetmakesellgivewritethinkhitputmetmadesoldgivenwrittenthoughtWrite the past participles of the verbs below. borrow plan sayhope cry growmake send hitget watch enjoyborrowedhoped madegotten plannedcried sent

10、watchedsaidgrownhitenjoyedComplete the sentences below using the present perfect tense. 1. They _ (finish) their homework already.2. John _ never _ (visit) China.3. Mr Li _ (repair) over ten bicycles since Monday. 4. We _ (not see) each other for years.have finishedhas visitedhas repairedhavent seen

11、zxxk5. My parents _ (not come) back yet.6. Our teacher _ (teach) us a lot about the history of China.havent comehas taughtComplete the conversation. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets.Millie: _ you _ (see) any films recently, Sandy?Sandy: No, I havent. What about you?Millie: I _ (see) one

12、 last Saturday. Sandy: Whats it about?Have seensawMillie: Its about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I _ (learn) more about Beijings past and present.Sandy: Oh, I think I _ (hear) about the film. Do you plan to see it again?Millie: Yes, Id like to.have learnthave heard一、

13、现在完成时的构成：一、现在完成时的构成：1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型：现在完成时的肯定句句型： 主语主语 + have /has + 过去分词过去分词e.g. He has lived in Beijing for ten years. I have finished my homework.2. 现在完成时的否定句句型：现在完成时的否定句句型： 主语主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词过去分词 e.g. I have not seen the movie yet. He hasnt been to Beijing since then.3. 现在完成时一般疑问句的构成：现在完

14、成时一般疑问句的构成： Have/ Has + 主语主语 + 过去分词过去分词 ? Yes, 主语主语 + have/ has. No, 主语主语 + havent/ hasnt.e.g. Have you finished your homework yet? Yes, I have. / No, I havent. havent = have not hasnt = has not Ive = I have Hes = He haszxxk二、用法：以下两种情况应用现在完成时二、用法：以下两种情况应用现在完成时1. 过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在。过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在。e

15、.g. He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. 2. 过去完成的动作，但强调这个过去完成过去完成的动作，但强调这个过去完成 的动作对现在有一定的影响或产生某种的动作对现在有一定的影响或产生某种 结果。结果。e.g. I have seen that film already. (I saw it in the past and now I can still remember something about the film.) 一般过去时只用来表示过去发生了某一般过去时只用来表示过去发生了某 事，并不能表明对现在产生了什么影事，并不能表明对现在

16、产生了什么影 响。响。e.g. He lost his mobile phone yesterday. 他昨天丢了手机。他昨天丢了手机。 (We dont know whether he has found it or not.) He has lost mobile phone already. 他已经把手机丢失了。他已经把手机丢失了。(He cant use it right now.) 三、判断方法：三、判断方法：1. 依据用法，结合句意判断。依据用法，结合句意判断。e.g. 他在这所学校教书有三年了。他在这所学校教书有三年了。 He has taught at this school

17、for 3 years.2. 依据一些副词或时间状语判断。依据一些副词或时间状语判断。 现在完成时常和现在完成时常和already, ever, just, never, recently, yet等副词，以及等副词，以及since, for引导的时间状语连用。引导的时间状语连用。e.g. Have they arrived yet? already “已经已经”常用于肯定句中，常用于肯定句中，yet “还，还，仍然，已经仍然，已经”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。，常用于否定句和疑问句中。1. Review the summary on present perfect tense.2. Finish the exercises on the workbook.zxxk