巴赫英文简介.docx

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1、巴赫英文简介巴赫，巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，出色的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家。巴赫被普遍以为是音乐史上最重要的作曲家之一，并被尊称为西方近代音乐之父，也是西方文化史上最重要的人物之一。下面是学习啦我给大家整理的巴赫英文简介，供大家参阅!巴赫简介JohnSebastianBach(German:JohannSebastianBach,1685.3.21-1750.7.28),theBaroqueGermancomposer,theoutstandingorgan,theviolin,theharpsichord.Bachiswidelyregardedasoneofthemostimportan

2、tcomposersinthehistoryofmusicandisknownasthefatherofmodernmusicintheWestandoneofthemostimportantfiguresinWesternculturalhistory.BachwasborninthemiddleofthecityofcentralThuringia,amusicfamilyinthecityofEisenach,inthelifetimeisafamouspalacemusiclong,inthechurchofLeipziginLeipzig,Germanyspentthelast27y

3、ears.BachcombinesthemusicalstylesofdifferentethnicgroupsinWesternEurope.HesettheessenceoftraditionalmusicinItaly,FranceandGermany,andmadethebestofit.Bachhimselfwasnotwellknowninhislifeandhadbeenforgottenbytheworldinhisfiftyyearsafterhisdeath.Butinthelasthalfandahalfyearsofhisfameisgrowing,generallyb

4、elievedthatheisthehistoryofWesternmusic,oneofthegreatesttwoorthreecomposers,andsomepeoplethinkthatheisoneofthegreatestcomposer.巴赫人物生平FamilyoriginBachwasbornonMarch21,1685inEisenach,inthecentralDillingenforestincentralGermany.Eisenachbecauseofthemountainbuilt,sotheterrainishighandlowupsanddowns,andth

5、egroundispavedbythequartzite,soitisarichGermanfairymountaincity,thisplacehasadeepmusicalorigin,IntheMiddleAges,thepoet,thecourtmusiciansareinEisenachforperformancesandcompetitions,itcanbesaidthatitisthebirthplaceofGermanmusic.Althoughthisisjustasmalltown,butthepublicislovemusic.Itissaidthatthecitysa

6、ncientcitygateisengravedwithmusicofteninourtownshinemessage.Andmedievalsingersoftenhandharp,singingandsinginghereandsingingcompetition.WagnerhadwrittenthefamousoperaDonHauseraccordingly.AndthesixteenthcenturyreligiousreformerMartinLuther,alsointhisBibletranslatedintoGerman.TheBachfamilyisafamilyofmu

7、sic,andhisfamilyhasbeenfamousformanyyearsbeforehisdeath.Hisfatherwasanexcellentviolinist,andtwoofhisgrandfathersbrothersweretalentedcomposers,andseveraloftheunclesbrothersandsisterswererespectedmusicians.ForaveryhighmusicaltalentforthesmallBach,insuchafamilygrowthwasverylucky,butthefateofthegodbutpa

8、rtialtofindsometrouble:his9-year-oldmother,10-year-oldfatherdied,hadtorelyonbrothertocontinuetoraiseTheAlthoughthehouseholdsalotofmusicinformation,canbearbitrarybrotherdoesnotallowhimtoreadthroughthestudy,nomatterhowhardhepleadedalsotonoavail.Bachhadtotakeadvantageofhisbrotherawayfromhomeandsleeplat

9、eatnight,inthemoonlightsecretlytolovethemusicofastroketocopydown,whichlastedforsixmonths,thusgreatlydamagedhiseyesight.Hislateryearsintheblindnessofthepainthrough,untildeath.runawayBach15yearsold,finallyseparatedfromhome,embarkedonanindependentlifeoftheroad.Heenteredthechoiratthesametimeintotheschoo

10、lofthegodsbythewonderfulsingingoftheancientpiano,theviolin,andtheorgan.Herethelibraryisrichinclassicalmusicworks,Bachonedrillinto,likeahugepieceofsponge,tolearn,theintegrationofthevariousEuropeanschoolsofartisticachievements,broadentheirownmusicvision.Inordertopracticepiano,heoftensleepallnight,alln

11、ightlong.Everyholiday,hehastowalkdozensofmilestoHamburgtolistentofamousplayersplaying.EmploymentfameIn1702hegraduatedfromSt.Michel,thefollowingyearinachamberbandasaviolinist.Inthenexttwodecadeshehaddonemanythings.Bachwasknownforhisgreatorganistlifeinhislifetime,thoughhewasacomposer,teacher,andbandco

12、nductor.In1723,whenBachwasthirty-eight,hebegantosingatthechurchofSt.ThomasinLeipzig,wherehehadbeeninthetwenty-sevenyearsofhislife.WeimarAge(1708-1717)BachplayedhisoratorGodismyking,BWV71,resignedinthesameyeartoacceptamorerewardingpost:theDukeofWeimarWilliam.Ernstscourtorchestra;1714becamelong.InWima

13、chbachcreatedmostoftheorganworks,butalsoforthefirsttimefoundVivaldismusic,begantheconcertocreation.In1717heacceptedthepositionofPrinceEdwardLeopold,PrinceofKodon,buthisresignationwasobstructedbyWilliamErnstandevenimprisonedbeforehewasexemptedfromhisduty.Ketenera(1717-1723)ThedaysofKettenarethegolden

14、ageofBachslife.Herehecreatedalotofexcellentsecularandreligiousmusic,suchastheTheBookoftheMeanLawPianoCollection,whichisknownastheOldTestamentoftheKeyboard,andtheBrandenburgConcerto,whichisamilestoneinthedevelopmentoforchestra;AtthesametimeBachisstillinthepalaceofKotten,KotungPalaceofthetempleisveryb

15、eautiful,herealsofortheBachlike.In1724,BachsownerKettensinterestinmusicseemedindifferent,soheresignedfromtheofficeofthecourt,cametoLeipzigastheSt.Thomaschurchschoolmusicians(musicguide),wherehespenthislifeTheremaining27years.Sincethen,KettenisvibrantbecauseofBachsmusic:itschoirhasbeenusingBachsnames

16、ince1906,BachMusicFestivalfoundedin1935,in1967tocommemoratethe250thanniversaryoftheBachservice,BachMusicFestivalandBachMusicCompetition,andthisasacontinuationofthetraditionsofar,andthentheorganizersalsosetupthis,thatistodaysKettenbachcommunity.In1983theKettenMuseumofHistoryopenedtheBachMemorial.Leip

17、zigTimes(1723-1750)TheLeipzigperiodwasthelongestofBachslifeandthemostcreativeperiod.AtthistimeBachregardlessofplayingskillsorcompositionlevelhavecometothepointofperfection.HewroteamasterpieceinLeipzig,atouchingbminormassandMatthewPassion,theaveragelawpianocollectionvoluntarilyandreflecthisprofoundco

18、mpositionofthefugueartandsoonTheIn1747,thekingoftheunmarkedmusictraveledtoPotsdamtobesummonedbyanotherking,KingFrederickofPrussia,andmadeimprovisation.Alltheaudiencehereareimpressed.Inthefollowingyear,Bachdevelopedthethemeofthisperformance,writinganotherworkthatsumsuphiscompositionandplayingart-thed

19、evotionofmusic.InLeipzig,Bachspent27yearsasaconductoroftheSt.Thomasmalechoir,becauseofhislongoveruse,Bachvisionloss,sufferingfromcataractinhislateryears,buthestilldictatesthecreationofdictation.Inthefirstfewdaysofhisdeath,healsodictatedapublicpraisesongtotheLordsaltar.Eachnoteofthemusicexpressesthel

20、astdevoutprayeroftheoldman,andendsabruptlyinthetwenty-sixthday,andbecomesthemasterspen.OnthenightofJuly28,1750,Bachslifepaintedthelastoftherest,Enronwenttothealtarofhisheart.Threedayslater,JohnSebastianBachwasburiedinthecemeteryofSt.JohnsChurchinLeipzig.MarriageheirsBachwastwenty-oneyearsoldwithhisu

21、ncletwosisterMaryBarbaramarriedandmarried,theyhadatotalofsevenchildren,butwhenBachthirty-fiveyearsoldwifediedsoon.ThenextyearheLuanFengcontinued,buthissecondwifenotonlycannothelpraisethefirstsevenchildren,butgavehimgavebirthtothirteen.Bachleftonlyninechildrenafterdeath,ofwhichfourbecametrulyfamousmu

22、sicians.巴赫创作风格ThemestyleBachsworksaredeep,tragic,broad,inner,fullofthefirsthalfofthe18thcenturyGermanreallifeatmosphere.HebelievesinreligionandisaLutheran.Hewantedhismusictoservethechurch,andmostofhisworkswerereligiousmusic.Hismusicembodiestheideaoflivinginthe18thcenturyGermanordinarycitizens.Hewasd

23、eeplyafflictedbythepainoflife,richandprofoundlifeexperience,althoughhenegative,yield,butalsodidnotseethewaytochangelife.Hefeltthatamanmusthaveastrongwill,anoblebelief,thespiritofself-sacrifice.ThisisthemaincontentthatBachreflectsinhisart.Hisworksfromdifferentangles,withadifferentimagereflectstheeigh

24、teenthcenturyGermanpeoplebetweenthehumanistideology.Heisthelastgreatreligiousartist,hebelievesthatmusicispraisetheharmonyofGodsvoice,praiseGodisthecentralcontentofhumanlife.HismusicwasoriginallyproducedbytheLutheranchantcalledthehymn.Throughthemelodyyoucanseethecomposercombinedwiththeprevailingpopul

25、arvoice.Intheformofmusichedidnotintendtoinnovate,buttopushtheexistingformofthepeak.Bachsworkscontaincertainphilosophicalandethicalmeanings,buthismanifestationsarenotabstract,dogmatic.Onthecontrary,inhisworks,thephilosophyofphilosophyisandlyrical,closetothescene,eventhoughhedidnotliketheuseofalotofmo

26、delingtechniques,butinordertocontrastacertaininnerfeelings,BachdoesnotavoidtheuseofnaturalsceneryDepict(egwind,river).Bachsmusiccontentoftheshipspolaritydetermineshismusicalstyleoftheversionoftheactiveandcomprehensive.ThereisnodifferencebetweenBachsvocalstyleandinstrumentalstyle,andhecreatesanewstyl

27、eofvocalmusic.VocalworksHewroteanumberofdramaticelementsofthelarge-scalevocalworks,includingMatthew,bminoristhemostinfluentialworks.Intheseworks,BachasadevoutProtestant,throughreligiousformsofmusic(suffering,mass,scriptures,Cantata,etc.),toexpressthehumandisaster,thepainofcompassion,sympathyandpeace

28、andhappinessinthefutureThedesire.BachsvocalworksarethemostcolorfulinCantata.BatasKantatainheritedthetraditionofthesecularKangLuTata,whichwasclosetotheopera,andinheritedthetraditionofthereligiousCantatower,whichwasclosetothepolyphonicchorus,tocreateanewtypeofacoustictower.Itisbothincontentandstyletha

29、ntheoldCantatatobeprofound,richandmore.BarthettaTartaalsohassecularandreligiousdistinctions.MostofhissecularCantataiswrittenfortheneedsofofficialentertainment,thelyricsaremostlybysomeancientGreekmythologytothenobilityofthearrogantwordsoftheboringwords.ButBachisoftenbeyondthescopeofthelyrics,ortoseiz

30、etheindividualisnotthemainwords,bytheplay,writtenintoalivelyandinterestingmusicworks,suchasfarmersKangTata.ThefirstKangtatatowerbytwofarmerswithSaxonlocaldialectsingeachother,withaverystrongfolkconversationfunny.BachsreligionCantataishislong-standingoftengenre,alargenumber,almostallofhismusicworksha

31、lfeffect.Thecontentsofthesesongsareprofoundandrich,theperformancemethodisalsoverydiverse,andevolving.InitiallyBachbeganwithchorus-styleCantata,andlaterheexpandedtherangeofCantata,andwrotesomeoftheindoorsoloCantaRoadalsowroteavarietyofdifferentformsofCantata,purelychorusofCantatabutinsteadWritelessBa

32、chinhisreligionusedintheformofCantataalsomanypeoplehisnarrative,aria,duet,chorushashisownoriginalcharacteristics.Cantataistheinstrumentalandvocalsynthesisofthebodyofthebodypartisnotaccompanimentinstrumentalpartofthesmallensemble,bigensembleorotherdifferentinstrumentorganization.AndKantata,Bachsaffli

33、ctedmusicisalsoacombinationofinstrumentalmusic;Bachaccordingtotheperformanceofdifferentstagesofthepsychologicalstateofthefreeuseofvocalandinstrumentaldiscretioninavarietyofdifferentforms.Bachusedtheformofmassdevelopmentofmusicingeneralthinking,creatingarichmusicalimage,expressDingdeepthoughttofeelth

34、efeelings.AtthispointheandHandelaresimilar,theyarefarfromthelimitationsoftheoperaart,buttheyreturnedtoreligiousmusic.Althoughthisistheinevitableresultofthespecifichistoricalconditions,thiscontradictioninBachsmassisparticularlyserious.InstrumentalworksBachsinstrumentalmusicisthemostimportantoftheharp

35、sichordmusic.Hisharpsichordworksaremuchmoreabundantincontent,genreandstylethantheworksofhispredecessorsandhiscontemporaries.Bachintheprocessofcreatingtheharpsichordmusic,learnfromallaspectsofexperiencetoenrichtheharpsichordmusiccontent,genreandstyle;forexample,helearnedfromtheorganmusicofitsimprovis

36、ationandtragicspirit,heputThepolyphonicformderivedfromtheorganismisdevelopedonthebasisofthecharacteristicsoftheharpsichord.HelearnedtheexperienceoftheFrenchharpsichord,wrotethecompositionofthedancingsong;studiedthestyleoftheItalianviolinmusicandthemulti-Scalaatisharpsichordmusicstyle,whichinfluenced

37、hisvariationsinthecminorFantasyEQinthemostsignificant.Bachsdancefromthedailylifeandhistoricaltradition,hismusichasneverbeenoutoftheGermanmusictradition.TheaveragelawpianocollectionisBachinthepuremusicfieldleftoneoftheimportantlegacy.AsaworkwithaGermanspirit,theaveragelawpianocollectionreflectsthekindofrigorousGerman-stylethinking.Inaddition,BachsFrenchSuite,BritishSuiteandsixBrandenburgConcertoandotherbandworks,alsoexpressedthecomposerofpeaceandgoodlifeprayeranddesire.TheseworkssparkedastrongsympathyintheheartsoftheGermanpeople.巴赫英文简介