Action Research in Education.ppt

《Action Research in Education.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Action Research in Education.ppt（55页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction Research in Education Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUJack Whitehead, Action Research, Principles and Practice, McNiff, 1988, ix We must find a way of bridging the We must find a way of bridging

2、 the traditional divide between educational traditional divide between educational theory and professional practice.theory and professional practice. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIU Definition (1) Action research is a research that ANY of us can do on his/her own practice to

3、improve it. It can be conducted with the assistance or guidance of professional researchers in order to improve strategies, practices, and knowledge of the environments within which they practice.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIU Definition (2) Action research is a process in w

4、hich participants examine their own educational practice, systematically and carefully, using the techniques of research. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhat is action research? Action research can be described as a family of research methodologies which pursue ACTION (or Cha

5、nge) and RESEARCH (or Understanding) at the same time.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhat is AR? (Contd) Action research is inquiry or research in the context of focused efforts to improve the quality of a PRACTICE. It is typically designed and conducted by practitioners who

6、analyze the data to improve their own practice. Action research can be done by individuals or by teams of colleagues. The team approach is called collaborative inquiry. Action research has the potential to generate genuine and sustained improvements in schools. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr.

7、Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhy AR? AR gives educators new opportunities to reflect on and assess their teaching; To explore and test new ideas, methods, and materials; To assess how effective the new approaches were; To share feedback with fellow team members; To make decisions about which new approaches to i

8、nclude in the practice.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUParticipatory Action Research (PAR) PAR is research involves all relevant parties in actively examining together current action (which they experience as problematic) in order to change it and improve it. They do this by c

9、ritically reflecting on the historical, political, cultural, economic, geographic and other relevant contexts. It aims to be active “Team-Research”, by and for those to be helped. It cannot be used by one group of people to get another group of people to do what they think is best for them ; AR is g

10、enuinely democratic or non-coercive (By practitioners for practitioners) Reference Wadsworth, Y. (1998) Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUHow Action Research is Done? Using a Cyclic or Spiral process which alternates between Action and critical Reflection, and Continuously refin

11、ing methods, data and interpretation in the light of the understanding developed in the earlier cycles. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUCharacteristics of A.R. It is an emergent process which takes shape as understanding increases; It is an iterative process which converges to

12、wards a better understanding of what happens; It is participative (Change is usually easier to achieve when those affected by the change are involved) and qualitative.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhy AR? It is participatory ; It is “from within” and not from an external “Ex

13、perts eye” Very real “presences” can emerge in the dynamically unfolding relations which can teach us new ways of conducting our practice.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhy AR? (Contd)It is the most logical way of doing research on societal and community issues. Sometimes, it

14、 does not make sense to go to an outsider ,with often shaky or no knowledge of the given situation, thinking that with a few questions, he/she can get enlightening answers. It is difficult to grasp the issues of a group or community by an outsider who has limited interaction with the group. Action R

15、esearch - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUKey Topics Purposes and uses of Action Research Types of action research designs Key characteristics of action research Steps in conducting an action research study Evaluating an action research studyAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, F

16、IUWhat is action research? Action research is systematic inquiry done by teachers (or other individuals in an educational setting) to gather information about, and subsequently improve, the ways their particular educational setting operates, how they teach, and how well their students learn (Mills,

17、2000). Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhen do you use action research?1. To solve an educational problem;2. To help educators reflect on their own practices3. To address school-wide problems4. When teachers want to improve their practicesAction Research - Power Point by: Dr.

18、Tarek Chebbi, FIUHow did action research develop?Teacher and school inquiries(e.g. teacher-initiatedresearch studies)Professional inquiry byteachers (e.g. self-study) School-basedsite councils (e.g. School Committees)In-service days (e.g. teacherstaff development activities)1970s1980s1990s2000sTowar

19、d Action Research in the USAAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction research designsAction ResearchParticipatoryPracticalStudying local practices Involving individual or team- based inquiryFocusing on teacher development and student learningImplementing a plan of actionLeading

20、to the teacher-as-researcherStudying social issues that constrain individual livesEmphasizing equal collaborationFocusing on “life-enhancing changes”Resulting in the emancipated researcherAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUPractical action research: The Research Spiral (Mills, 20

21、00) Analyze andInterpret DataDevelop an Action PlanCollect DataIdentify anArea of FocusAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUParticipatory action research Participatory: people conduct studies on themselves Practical and collaborative Emancipatory (Challenges procedures) Helps indiv

22、iduals free themselves from constraints found in media, language, work procedures, and power relationships Reflexive focused on bringing about change in practicesAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction Research Interacting SpiralAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebb

23、i, FIUKey characteristics of Action Research A practical focus The educator-researchers own practices Collaboration Dynamic process A plan of action Sharing researchAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUPractical focus A problem that will have immediate benefits for Single teacher S

24、chools Communities Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUStudy of the educator-researchers own practices Selfreflective research by the educator-researchers turns the lens on their own educational classroom, school, or practices. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, F

25、IUCollaborationAdministratorsStaffTeachersStudentsParentsCommunityStakeholdersCollaborativeTeamAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUA dynamic process Dynamic process of spiraling back and forth among reflection, data collection, and action Does not follow a linear pattern Does not

26、follow a causal sequence from problem to actionAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUA plan of action The action researcher develops a plan of action Formal or informal; involve a few individuals or an entire community May be presenting data to stakeholders, establishing a pilot pro

27、gram, or exploring new practicesAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUSharing research Groups of stakeholders Local schools, educational personnel Local or state individuals Not specifically interested in publication but in sharing with individuals or groups who can promote changeAc

28、tion Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUThe problem is only one phase in which to enterIdentifying“Problem”CollectingDataEvaluatingExistingDataTakingActionPoint ofEntryPoint ofEntryPoint ofEntryPoint ofEntryAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhat are the steps in con

29、ducting action research? Determine if action research is the best design to use. Identify the problem to study Locate resources to help address the problem Identify the information you will needAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUTaxonomy of action research data collection techniq

30、uesAction ResearchData Collection Techniques(The Three Es)ExperiencingEnquiringExamining(By observing)(By asking)(by using records)Participant Observation (Active participant)Passive Observer Informal Interview Structured formal Interview Questionnaires Attitude Scales Standardized TestsArchival doc

31、uments JournalsMapsAudio and VideotapesArtifactsFieldnotesAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUWhat are the steps in conducting action research? Implement the data collection Analyze the data Develop a plan for action Implement the plan and reflectAction Research - Power Point by:

32、Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUHow do you evaluate action research? Does the project clearly address a problem or issue in practice that needs to be solved? Did the action researcher collect sufficient data to address the problem? Did the action researcher collaborate with others during the study? Was there r

33、espect for all collaborators?Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUHow do you evaluate action research? Did the plan of action advanced by the researcher build logically from the data? Is there evidence that the plan of action contributed to the researchers reflection as a professio

34、nal? Has the research enhanced the lives of the participants by empowering them, changing them, or providing them with new understanding?Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUHow do you evaluate action research? Did the action research actually lead to change or did a solution to a

35、problem make the difference? Was the action research reported to audiences who might use the information?Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIU10 Coping StrategiesJean McNiff, Action Research, Principles and Practice, McNiff,1988, 144-1451. Dont Give Up2. Enlist the Help of Colleagu

36、es3. Keep a Positive Attitude4. Be Prepared to Compromise5. Be Generous6. Go Public7. Join a Local Action Research Group8. Establish a Reputation for Success9. Publish Reports in Journals10. Have Faith in Your Own Knowledge. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIU10 Guidelines for Te

37、achersFullan and Hargreaves (1991), quoted in Change Forces, Fullan, 1993, 144 1) Locate, listen to and articulate your inner voice2) Practice reflection in action, on action, and about action.3) Develop a risk-taking mentality.4) Trust processes as well as people.5) Appreciate the total person in w

38、orking with others.6) Commit to working with colleagues.7) Redefine your role to extend beyond the classroom.8) Push and support principals and other administrators to develop interactive professionalism.9) Commit to continuous improvement and perpetual learning.10)Monitor and strengthen the connect

39、ion between your development and students developmentAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUImproving School Effectiveness Using the PDSA Cycle and The Action PlanCarlos VieraMiami-Dade Count Public SchoolsAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction Research - Power

40、 Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUPlan-Do-Study-Act An approach to process analysis and improvement. Involves constantly defining and redefining the customers needs and wants. PDSA is a versatile tool that can be used for planning, problem solving, and decision making- to solve problems in the classro

41、om.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUBenefits of PDSA Instructional Cycle1.Teachers have flexibility in how to teach by focusing on what to teach.2.It emphasizes key skills for every student and allows them to retain skills

42、in order to build higher skills.3.It encourages collaboration among teachers, students, and instructional support staff.4.It promotes active learning and student involvement in the learning process.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIU1.It places the ultimate responsibility of lear

43、ning on the learner2.It aligns planning, instruction, assessment, and support towards students performance.3.It is data driven so it removes subjectivity.4.It contributes to climate of achievement and success.5.It is a proven approach that achieves results.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek

44、 Chebbi, FIUThe Eight-Step Process1. Test Score DisaggregationStudent test scores used to identifyInstructional groups (weak/strong).2. Time Line DevelopmentDevelop time line encompassing allobjective areas based on student needs.3. Instructional FocusDeliver Instructional focus lessons tostudents b

45、ased on schedule.4. AssessmentAdminister an assessment to identifymastery and non-mastery students.5. TutorialsProvide tutorial time to re-teach nonmastered target areas.6. EnrichmentProvide enrichment opportunities formastery students.7. MaintenanceProvides materials for ongoingmaintenance and re-t

46、eaching.8. MonitoringPrincipal assumes the role ofinstructional leader, involved inteaching and learning process.Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAn Example: The PDSA Cycle at the School SiteAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUPlan :Disaggregate data:Know whe

47、re you are/goingTo show improvementEvaluates teachers/studentsOngoing to identify any problemsProvides instructional directionCreate Calendar to achieve goalsDo :Instructional Focus:Make it a school wide activityProvide instructional focus sheets to teachers and other facultySolicit feedback from te

48、achersAsk students randomly what is the instructional focus.ActReinforce review what has been taughtRefocus (Development) -remediate during school hours for non-mastery studentsRefocus (Enrichment)- masterystudents receive advanced or challenging workStudyProvide frequent assessments Collect data to

49、 identify mastery and/or non-masteryAssessments should “look and feel” like accountability tests.Teachers should meet to review scores and share improvement ideas. Action Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAR Linkshttp:/educ.queensu.ca/projects/action_research/15quote.htmhttp:/carbon.cu

50、denver.edu/mryder/reflect/act_res.htmlhttp:/ Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUAction Research (Geoffrey E. Mills, 2nd Edition) Slides from Action Research: A Guide for the Teacher ResearcherAction Research - Power Point by: Dr. Tarek Chebbi, FIUA Comparison of Traditional Research and