考研英语一真题及答案解析.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -20XX年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版20XX年全国硕士讨论生入学统一考试英语（一）Section I Use of English Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeach numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. 10pointsCould a hug a day keep the doctor away. The answer may be are

2、sounding“ yes.” 1helping you feel close and2to peopleyou care about, it turns out that hugs can bring abenefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you4getting sick this winter.3of healthInarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchers fromCarnegieMellonUniversityi

3、nPennsylvaniaexaminedthe effectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipantss usceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafter being7to the virus .People who perceived greater socialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andthe researchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32perc

4、entofthatbeneficialeffect.11among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support andreceived more frequent hugs had less severe12.“ Hugging protects people who are under stress from the13riskforcoldsthat susually14withstress,”n otesSheldon Cohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Huggi

5、ng“ is amarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersare there to help16difficulty.” 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-related benefits ofhugging to

6、 the release of oxytocin, often called“ the bonding hormone”18it promotes attachment in relationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain ,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19in the brain, where it20mood,

7、 behavior and physiology.1 A Unlike B Besides C Despite D Throughout 2 A connected B restricted C equal D inferior 3 A choice B view C lesson D host4 A recall B forget C avoid D keep5 A collecting B involving C guiding D affecting 6 A of B in C at D on7 A devoted B exposed C lost D attracted 8 A acr

8、oss B along C down D out9 A calculated B denied C doubted D imagined 10 A served B required C restored D explained 11 A Even B Still C Rather D Thus12 A defeats B symptoms C tests D errors13 A minimized B highlighted C controlled D increased 14 A equipped B associated C presented D compared 15 A ass

9、ess B moderate C generate D record16 A in the face of B in the form of C in the way of D in the name of17 A transfer B commit C attribute D return可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 40 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结18 A because B unless C though D until19 A em

10、erges B vanishes C remains D decreases20 A experiences B combines C justifies Dinfluences Section II Reading Comprehension Part ADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbelow eachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyouranswersonthe ANSWER SHEET. 40 pointsText 1First two hours , now three hours

11、this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasingly massive security lines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurity procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt AirFlight804,whicht

12、erroristsmayhavedownedoverthe Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittle security in return undermines public support for the process. Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans economicandprivate lives, not to mention infuriating.

13、Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministrationTSA found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able tosneak weapons-both fake and realpast airport security nearlyeverytimetheytried .Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimpr

14、oving Chicago s O Hare International .It is not yet clear how much moreeffective airline security has becomebut the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of

15、 the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling ai

16、rports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in thePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfor travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background checkare eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhe

17、re close to that, and one big reason isstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearsto process their background checks. Since the beginning, this pricetag has been PreCheck s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlook into doing so directly, by hel

18、ping to finance PreCheck enrollmentor to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersin unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. According to Paragraph 1, Parkrun has .A gained great po

19、pularityB created many jobs可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C strengthened community tiesD become an official festival22. TheauthorbelievesthatLondon s Olympic“ legacy”h as failed to .A boost population growthB promote sport participation Cimprove the city s imageD increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun

20、is different form Olympic games in that it .A aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers24. Withregardtomasssports,theauthorholdsthat governments should .A organize“ grassroots” sports eventsB supervise local sports association

21、sC increase funds for sports clubsD invest in pubic sports facilities25. Theauthor sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshaveto done for sports is .AtolerantB critical Cuncertain可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结DsympatheticText 2“ The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers, ” wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii s last reignin

22、g monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday. ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescopeTMT,agiantobservatorythatpromisesto revolutionize humanity s view of the cosmos.AtissueistheTMT splanned

23、locationonMaunaKea,a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , thatconnects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea isalsohometosomeoftheworld s mostpowerfultelescopes. RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea s peakrisesabovethe bulkofourplanet sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsall

24、ow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Someblame

25、forthecurrentcontroversybelongsto astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, theyforgot thatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld. TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea s fragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland sin habitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;iti

26、salivingculture undergoing a renaissance today.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back tothe dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii s shores inspires astronomerstoday

27、to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or toban future development there ignore the reality that astronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsabout whoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering

28、a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMT site was chosen to minimize thetelescope s visibility around the island and to avoid archaeologicaland environmental impact. To limit the number of te

29、lescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason whyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheir cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani s remark in Paragraph 1 indicatesA its con

30、servative view on the historical role of astronomy.B the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.C the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.D her appreciation of star watchers feats in her time.27. Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due toA its geographical fe

31、aturesB its protective surroundings.C its religious implications.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结D its existing infrastructure.28. TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocals partly becauseA it may risk ruining their intellectual life.B it reminds them of a humiliating history.C their culture will lose a c

32、hance of revival.D they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29. ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressin today s astronomyA is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.B helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.C may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.D will eventually softenHawaiians ho

33、stility.30. The author s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one ofA severe criticism.B passive acceptance.C slight hesitancy.D full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country s GDP measures “ everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.” With Britainvotingtoleaveth

34、eEuropeanUnion,andGDPalready可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawedconcept. It measures things that do not matte

35、r and misses thingsthat do. By most recent measures, the UK s GDP has beenthe envy oftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhigh growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country s ec

36、onomic prospects.A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorest performersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedinto meaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.Ratherthanjust f

37、ocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsof criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeena budding eco

38、nomic recovery since the 2021 global crash , but inkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,major economies have continuedto decline . Yet this isn t the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety, income equalit

39、y and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is nolonger regarded as the sole measure of a country s success, the world looks very different .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhas beenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomic activ

40、ity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It doesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityor educationoutcomes allthingsthatcontributetoaperson s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday ser

41、vices we depend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may evensee progress .31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he Apraised the UK for its GDP. Bidentified GDP w

42、ith happiness . Cmisinterpreted the role of GDP .Dhad a low opinion of GDP .32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 thatAthe UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .BGDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK . Cthe UK will contribute less to the world economy . Dpolicymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .33. Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannual study .AIt is sponsored by 163 countries . BIt excludes GDP as an indicator.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结CIts criteria are questionable . DIts results are enlightening