初中英语定语从句(共9页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第19讲_定语从句知识图谱-定语从句关系代词关系副词第19讲_定语从句错题回顾定语从句知识精讲一、定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词，既起到连接作用，又在定语从句中担任句子成份。总结定语从句的一般结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。二、关系代词1.关系代词指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，基本用法如下表：关系词作用先行词例句who主语/宾语人This is

2、 the boy who often helps me. 这就是常帮我的那个男孩。I happened to meet the professor (who/ whom) I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday.昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇到了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。whom宾语人The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.你等的那个人已经回家了。that主语/宾语人或物This is the pen that writes well. 这是那支很好写的笔。This

3、is the pen that you want. 这是你想要的钢笔。The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Fujian. 我们足球队的最高的那个运动员来自福建。which主语/宾语物The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.有个机器的房间是车间。The river which is in front of my house is very clean.从我家前面流过的河流非常清澈。whose定语人或物The room whose door is blu

4、e is mine.蓝色房门的那个房间是我的房间。注意：一般情况下，that既可以指人又可以指物，可以代替who, whom和which，在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语；which指物，在从句中也做主语、宾语或表语，所以which和that在指物时，大多时候可以互换，如：This is the movie that I like best.=This is the movie which I like best.这就是我最喜欢的电影。2.关系代词的省略一般情况下，关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语，且介词在关系代词前，不能省略，如：Ill never forget the

5、daythatwe spent together.我永远都不会忘记与你共度的时光。（可省略）Ill never forget the dayon whichwe met each other.我永远不会忘记我们初次见面那一天。（不可省）三、关系副词关系词作用先行词例句when状语时间Ill never forget the day when I met you for the first time.我永远不会忘记初次见你的那一天。where状语地点This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.这就是我们住了五年的地方。why状语原因I do

6、nt know the reason why he was late. 我不知道他迟到的原因。注意：与关系代词不同，关系副词在从句中作状语，状语并不是句子必须成分，所以即使没有关系副词，从句的内容也完整。这是关系副词与关系代词最大的不同，也是我们选题的关键。同时，关系副词大多可以拆分成介词+which的形式，如：This is the housewhereLuxun once lived.=This is the housein whichLuxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。三点剖析一、考点延伸我们都知道，若先行词为物，关系词可以用that或which，而且大多数可以互换

7、。但以下几种情况，必须用 that引导定语从句：1.先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：All that we have to do is to practice English.我们要做的事情就是去练习英语。2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如：The first letter that I got from him will be kept.我收到他的第一封信将会被保存起来。3.先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如：Ive

8、eaten up all the food that you gave me.我把你给我的所有事物都吃光了。4.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时，如：He is the only person that I want to talk with.他是我唯一想与之交谈的人。5.先行词既有人又有物时，如:They talked about persons and things that they met.他们谈论了他们见到的人和事。二、方法总结定语从句考查形式比较单一，单选一般考关系词的选择。在学习定语从句过程中，我们会发现，关系词的选择往往

9、跟先行词有着很大关联，比如先行词是人往往用“who”或“whom”，先行词为物往往用“which”或“that”等，所以我们很容易根据先行词判断出关系词选谁最合适。初中阶段我们要求会判断定语从句中的关系词，并能在作文中写出简单的定语从句。高中会系统讲解定语从句，所以我们在初中阶段还要了解从句中的各个成分，为之后的学习做好准备。题模精讲题模一 关系代词例1.1、-What shall we do next?-Take the advice _ is given by Dr. Bloch.A、whoB、whichC、whoseD、whom例1.2、The Palace Museum is the

10、best place _ Ive ever visited.A、whoB、whenC、thatD、where例1.3、完成句子1. 你有什么要对自己说的吗？Do you have _ _ you want to say for yourself?2. 这是我父亲曾经住过的房子。This is a house in _ my father once lived.题模二 关系副词例2.1、This is the primary school _ I studied three years ago.A、whereB、whenC、thatD、which例2.2、Do you remember the

11、days _ we spent in Sanya?A、whenB、thatC、whatD、where例2.3、完成句子你知道他缺席的原因吗？Do you know the reason _ he is absent?随堂练习随练1.1、The book_ is sold out at the moment.A、you needB、what you needC、which you need itD、that you need it随练1.2、The second book _ I want to read is Business the Speed of Thought.A、whichB、wha

12、tC、thatD、as随练1.3、Im one of the boys _ never late for school.A、that isB、who areC、who amD、who is随练1.4、完成句子1. 人们都喜欢那些有礼貌的人。People all like those _ have good manners.2. 这是我障碍寻找的那本书。This is the book _ Im looking for.3. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。This is _ _ interesting _ _ Ive ever seen.4. 我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。I still remem

13、ber the day _ I first came to Beijing.5. 你能告诉我他上班的办公室吗？Can you tell me the office _ he works?随练1.5、Is this the place _ Lincoln once lived.A、thatB、whichC、whereD、when随练1.6、Ill never forget the days _ I stayed with you.A、whenB、in whichC、thatD、for which自我总结能力拓展拓展1、-Do you know the man _ is talking with

14、your father?-Yes, hes our headmaster.A、heB、whoC、whichD、whom拓展2、Is this the river _ I can swim?A、whichB、in whichC、thatD、the one拓展3、This is the best hotel in the city _ I know.A、whereB、whichC、thatD、it拓展4、Her sister, _ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.A、whomB、thatC、whichD、who is拓展5、These bo

15、oks are for students _ mother language is not English.A、of whomB、thatC、whichD、whose拓展6、完成句子1. 有一些想去海南度假的人。There are some people _ want to have a holiday in Hainan.2. 刚才天空中一闪而过的是什么？Whats that _ flashed in the sky just now.3. 这是去武汉的最后一趟火车。The train is _ _ _ will go to Wuhan.4. 我永远都不会忘记我在北京度过的那些日子。Ill never forget the days _ I spent in Beijing.5. 中国是风筝的故乡，从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。China is the birthplace of kites, from _ kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.专心-专注-专业