初中英语定语从句用法(共4页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语定语从句用法1. 关系代词引导的定语从句在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词(先行词)的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句要放在先行词的后面，对先行词起修饰限定作用。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(包括它的宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when, how, why。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。用 法例 句that在从句中作主语或宾语指物A shake is an animal that lives in the sea.(作主语) The moon cake that

2、 mother cooked tastes nice.(作宾语)指人Who is the man that is reading a newspaper there?(作主语)The man that I was talking with last night was very tall.(作宾语) which在从句中作主语或宾语指物The silk which is produced in Suzhou sales well.(作主语) The songs which the singer sang were very popular.(作宾语) “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句物或人I ha

3、ve a lot of books, most of which are in English. which引导非限定性定语从句物或人The boy didnt study hard, which made his mother angry.who, whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语，whose在从句中作定语指人The student who sits on my left is an American.(作主语) The person who you just talked to is our headmaster.(作宾语) I know the woman whose daughter

4、studies abroad.(作定语) 注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可在whom, which之前（不可放在that和who之前），也可放在原来的位置。在含介词的固定动词词组中的介词则只能放在原来的位置上The man from whom I borrowed an umbrella is a friend of mine. The girl who/whom I am looking for is my sister. The apartment that he lives in is very old. =The apartment in which he lives is ve

5、ry old. when在从句中作状语指时间Do you remember the day when he was born? =Do you remember the day on which he was born? where在从句中作状语指地点This is the school where I started 3 years ago. =This is the school in which I started 3 years ago.2. 定语从句中关系代词只能用that的情况用 法例 句（1）当先行词是everything, anything something, nothing

6、, none, the one等不定代词时I had to remember everything that the teacher told me. （2）先行词被序数词或the last修饰时He was the first person that got to the school. （3）先行词被all, no, some, any, little, much, few等修饰时I have done all that he told us to do. He has no books that I need.（4）先行词被形容词最高级修饰时He worked out the most

7、difficult problem that I had seen. （5）先行词被the very, the only, the same修饰时It is the very book that I am looking for. （6）先行词同时含有人和物时The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well-known. （7）先行词是主语的标语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时China is no longer the country that it used to be.典例透析例1-I hear

8、 that Lilys brother is a worker here. -look, the man _ is walking over there is her brother.A. whoB. whom C. what D. which【答案】A【解析】此题考查定语从句的关系代词。who“代替人”作主语或者宾语；whom“代替人”作宾语；what不用于宾语从句；which“代替物”作主语或者宾语。先行词为人，在从句中作主语。故选A。例2One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _ are often visited by foreig

9、ners is the West Slender Lake.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. /【答案】D【解析】题考查定语从句的关系代词。句意为“被外国旅游者参观的最著名的地方之一是瘦西湖”。先行词是places，代替物，用关系代词that。故选C。例3They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _ will help dog owners cool down their pets.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. whether【答案】C【解析】此题考查定语从句。which作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，代替f

10、ood。例4Thats the man _ house was destroyed in the storm.A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. which【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句。先行词是the man，根据后面的house可知先行词在后面从句中作定语，A、C、D三项都没有此功能，应该用whose。故选B。例5This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked【答案】A【解析】此题考查定语从句。本句话的先行词应该是films，前面有one of出现，关系代词需要用that，其谓语动词应用复数的被动语态have been shown。专心-专注-专业