新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Section AText AToward a brighter future for all1. Good afternoon.As president of the university, I am proud towelcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at

2、 the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我特别骄傲的欢迎你们来到这所高校。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果， 也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所高校里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。Words and phrase1. achievementnsomething very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g.An Olympic silver medal

3、 is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumphnbeing successful or victorious 成功,成功shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. over sb/sth be successful or victorioustriumph over ones difficulties战胜困难 .3. pledgev sth to sb/sth fml promise solemnl

4、y togive support,etc; giveones word, honour, etc as a pledge 保证赐予（支持等） ; 以（誓言名誉等）作担保:pledge loyalty to the king宣誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守隐秘 . sb/oneself to sth/todo sth promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人 自己做某事或支持某事业等The Government has pledged itself to

5、send aid to the famine victims.政府已承诺赈济饥民.Tn leave sth with sb as a pledge典当（某物） : Hes pledged his mothers wedding ring.Tn fml drink to the health of sb; toast sb为（某人）的健康祝酒 ; 向（某人）祝酒:pledge the bride（新娘） and bridegroom（新郎）4. rewardingadjgiving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的。有意义的。有回报的Our jo

6、urney to the orphanage 孤儿院 was a very rewarding experience. Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as.as possibleas + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as尽力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible. Can you say it as loudly as possible.I hope you ll stay as long as possible.We need as many apples as

7、possible. You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note: adj suffix -ing1. -ing 加在某些 transitive verb 后，构成 adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特点，或可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -某物或某事给人的感觉、 情感、

8、印象等。这类词包括 welcoming, charming, discouraging, disgusting, frightening, alarming, surprising 等。例如：a welcoming smile 热忱的微笑a charming house on the outskirts of the town 在城镇郊外的一栋美丽的房子an alarming increase in housing price 房价的惊人增长A surprising number of men stay bachelors. 有相当多的男子仍旧是单身。2. -ing 加在 intransiti

9、ve verb 之后，构成 adj，表示某事或某人仍旧处于某种状态。例如：a recurring problem 反复显现的问题his aging mother 他那日渐苍老的母亲He wore his hair in the prevailing fashion. 他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。Paraphrase1 Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers.Meaning: Your entering this univer

10、sity is an importantsuccess.This successis due tomany years of your hard work, and many years of your parents and teachers hard work 2 Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding aspossible.Meaning: Here at the university, we promise to make your educational ex

11、perience as worthwhile as possible.2.In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. Pose naturally, Mom instructed us. Wait. said Dad, Lets take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock. The clock woke me up every

12、 morning in college. It is still on my office desk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情形，仍有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。 妈妈嘱咐我们：“姿态自然点。” “等一等 ,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情形拍下来。” 在高校期间， 那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。 至今它仍放在我办公室的桌子上。Words and phrase1. remindvinform sb of a fact or tell sb to do sth he may have forgotten 提示: Do I have to remind you yet again.Re

13、mind me to answer that letter. sb of sb/sthcause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意识到某人 某事物 :He reminds me of his brother. This song reminds me of France.remindernsth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth.起提示作用的东西The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn t quite

14、finished.The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.2. posev(a) I, Ipr for sb sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn orphotographed 摆好姿态（以便画像或拍照）:He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath. 他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿态. *(b) Tn put sb in a pa

15、rticular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him 使（某人）摆好姿态（以便画像或拍照）:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -The artist posed his model carefully. 那位画家认真摆好模特儿的姿态.I derog贬 behave in an

16、unnatural or affected way in order to impress people装腔作势: Stop posing and tell us what you really think. 别装蒜啦 , 告知我们你的真实想法吧.pose n可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1 position in which a person poses or is posed pose 1b（姿态:She adopted an elegant pose.她摆了一个美丽的姿态 .为画像或拍照而摆的） 姿态,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2 derog 贬

17、unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作势的举动 : His concern for the poor is only a pose. 他对穷人的关怀只不过是做做样子罢了.Paraphrase1 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. Para. 2Meaning: When

18、I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my dad and me.3 Let me share with you something that you may not expect. You will miss your old routines and your parents reminders to work hard and attain your best. You may hav

19、e cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry. But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past.让我来告知你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提示你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能由于高中生活最终终止而喜极而泣

20、，你们的父母也可能由于最终不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：将来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。Words and phrase1. routinenC, U fixed and regular way of doing things程序; 公事; 常规: She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事attrib作定语 routine tasks, chores, duties, etc 日常工作日常事务例行职责 .C set se

21、quence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的成套动作 : go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作 .routineadjusual; habitual; regular 通常的 ; 惯例的 ; 例行的 : the routine procedure例行手续*routine maintenance 定期的保养* routinelyadv.2. attainvTn succeed in getting sth; achieve attain a position of power获得权位

22、attain ones goal, objective, ambition, etcattain our target of 50000达到我们的 50000 英镑的目标 . attainableadjthat can be attainedThese objectives are certainly attainable.attainment nU success in reaching 达到; 到达:The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现理想仍是一种理想. C usu pl thing attained, esp sk

23、ill or knowledge 成就; 造诣:a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者 .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -3. finishedadj prednot before noun no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth. with

24、 sb/sth infml口I wont be finished for another hour.我仍有一个小时才能完事. Are you finished with my tools yet. 我的工具你用完了吗？She decided she was finished with working for others. 她打算不再为别人做事 .4. may have done sth.:used for talking about past possibilities She might have changed her mind and decided not to come.5. fo

25、undationnU act of founding an institution, organization, etc建立, 创立, 创办: the foundation of the universityC a organization set up to provide sums of money for research, charity, etc（为研究 慈善事业等供应的）基金, 基金会 :You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.C usu pl layer of bricks, concrete, etc for

26、ming the solid base of a building underground的基; 房基; 基础:lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基C, U principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原就 思想或事实 ; 基础:lay the foundations of ones career 奠定个人事业的基础* That rumor has no foundation.那谣言没有事实依据 .Grammar一、情态动词用于对现在内容估计的常见句型有：1、Can/ma

27、y do sth：表示对现在内容的可能性的估计。2、Must do sth：表示对现在内容的确定性的估计。二、情态动词用于对过去内容举荐的常见句型：1、can/may have done sth：表示对过去内容的可能性。2、must have done sth：表示对过去内容的确定性的估计。例： It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.He may have got lost.Mr Green must have failed to receive my letter, otherwise he would have replie

28、d. I believe he must have had an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on time. Collocation note:1 do 是最常见的表示“做”的动词。e.g.Today I have a lot of work to do.2 do 经常和表示锤炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。e.g.do physical exercise/the dishes/one s cooking Paraphrase1. You will miss your old routines and your parents rem

29、inders to work hard and attainyour best. Para. 3Meaning: You will miss your usual life patterns and your parents reminding words that you should work hard and achieve the best you can.2. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of

30、 joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry. Para. 3Meaning: Perhaps you were so happy that you cried because at last you finished high school, and perhaps your parents were so happy that they cried because eventually theywouldn t have to do your laundry any more.Note: Pay attentionto the hu

31、mor thepresident creates by contrasting the different可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -responses from children and their parents they all cried, but for different reasons. 3.But know this:

32、 The future is built on a strong foundation of the past. Para. 3 Meaning: But you should know that your future can only be attained when it is built on a solid past.4 For you, these next fouryears willbe a timeunlike any other.Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all

33、 over the country, a learnedandcaringfaculty,acomprehensivelibrary,greatsportsfacilities,andstudent organizations covering every possible interest from the arts to science, to communityservice and so on. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to get by on v

34、ery littlesleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.对你们而言， 接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时间。在这里， 你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各的的好玩的同学，有学识渊博又布满爱心的老师，有综合性图 书馆，有完备的运动设施

35、，仍有针对不同爱好的同学社团从文科社团到理科社 团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由的探究、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交布满魅力的人， 学着去追求新的爱好。我想勉励你们充分利用这一特别的经受，并用你们的干劲和热忱去收成这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。Words and phrase1. unlikeadjpred作表语 dissimilar; different They are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters.prepdifferent from sth; not like与（某事物）不同 ; 不像.:Her latest

36、 novel is quite unlike her earlier work.2. resourcenC usu pl supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealth资源:rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources自然的矿产的农业的.资源丰富 fml ingenuity or quick wit; initiative才智; 机敏; 制造精神 : a man of great resource 足智多谋的男子 .3. learned:

37、a. fml. learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read and studied a lot 有学问的。博学的My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.4. caring:a.thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them关怀他人的。乐于助人的The school provides a caring envir

38、onment for students. 学校为同学供应了布满关怀的环境。5. facultyC usually plurala natural ability to hear, see, think, move, etc: the faculty of sight 视力the mental faculties 智力C of/for doing stha special ability to do a particular thing 做某事物的特别才能 : have a great faculty for learning languages 有学习语言的才能 .She has a facu

39、lty for inspiring confidence in people.AmE all the teachers of a particular university or college 高校的全体教员 . faculty members6. facilitynU, sing ability to learn or do things easily 简单学好或做好事物的才能:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳

40、总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -have a great facility for learning languages有（学习）语言的天才He plays the piano with surprising facility. 他弹奏钢琴神乎其技 .facilities pl circumstances, equipment, etc that make it possible, or easier, to do sth;aids 能够或易於做某事的环境设备等 ; 帮助物 : sports facilities 运动设施facilities fo

41、r study 有助学习的设施medical facilities7. communityn.singthepeoplelivinginoneplace,districtorcountry, considered as a whole 社区; 团体; 集体; 社会:work for the good of the community为集体利益服务community service 社会服务工作n. group of people of the same religion, race, occupation, etc, or with shared interests宗教信仰种族 职业等方面相同

42、的人构成的集体: the Chinese community in Paris 在巴黎的华侨团体a community of monks 僧侣团体 .8. get by on sthmanage tolive, survive, etc using thespecified resources; manage; cope （靠某物）将就维生 ; 设法维护 ; 应付:How does she get by on such a small salary. He gets by on very little money.9. on: prep.1) eating or drinking a part

43、icular type of food or drink in order to stay alive 靠生存 Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish.这个人以山洞为住宅，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。2) using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate 靠运行 Why can t we make a car that runs on water.我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的汽车了？10. fasci

44、natingadjextremely interesting:The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.11. pursuev Tn fml follow sb/sth, esp in order to catch or kill; chase pursue a wild animal, a thiefcontinue to be occupied or busy with sth; go on with进行She decided to pursue her studies after o

45、btaining her first degree. I have decided not to pursue ie investigate the matter any further. 12 reap v to cut and collect a crop, especially corn, from a fieldSow the wind and, reap the whirlwind saying 播种的是风 , 收割的是暴风start sth that seems fairly harmless and have to suffer unforeseen consequences t

46、hat are serious or disastrous 原无大害的事 ,後果却不堪设想 .fig receive sth as a result of ones own or others actions获得reap the reward of years of study 从多年讨论中获得报偿Paraphrase1. For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. Para. 4Meaning: For you, the next four years in university will be differentfromany other period of time in