2022初中教案北师大版初三英语第3讲：unit 2 词汇篇（解析版）.docx

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1、Unit 2 词汇篇_1. 理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2. 理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1. be used to doing 习惯做某事sb. be/get used to doing sth. 某人习惯做某事 sth. be used to do sth. 某物被用来做某事eg: He is used to living in the village. 他习惯生活在乡村里。 Clothes are used to keep warm. 衣服是用来保暖的。be used to doing与used to do的区别be used to doing表示习惯做某事，to为介词后面加动词-ing

2、形式；used to do sth.过去常常做某事， to 后面接动词原形。eg: He is used to swimming in winter. 他习惯冬泳。 He used to swim in winter. 他过去常常冬泳。 2. have trouble (in) doing 在做某事上有（困难）have problems/ trouble/ difficulties (in) doing 在做某事时有问题/麻烦/困难。其中problems/trouble/ difficulties三个词意义相近，可以互换。介词in可省略。eg: Did you have problems (i

3、n) talking with people when you were in China?当你在中国的时候，与人交谈有问题吗？The boy has much trouble (in) reciting words. 这个男孩在背单词上有很大的问题。3. depend on 依赖，依靠，由决定；取决于 (1) 后接名词或代词 eg: I always depend on the map when I am in a strange place. 在陌生的地方，我总是依靠地图。 The price depends on the quality. 价钱取决于质量。 (2) 后接带不定式的复合结构

4、，即depend on/upon sb. to do sth.，意思是“指望某人做某事”， 可转换为depend on one(s) doing sth.。 eg: You cant depend on them to do it. = You cant depend on their/ them doing it. 你不能指望他们做这事。 (3) 用于“depend on/ upon it + that从句”这一结构，意思是“指望.；对.不怀疑”。 eg: You may depend on it that they will be there in time. 你不用怀疑，他们会及时到达那

5、里。 4. be proud of 为感到骄傲proud adj. 骄傲的 pride n. 骄傲，自豪be proud of doing sth.= be proud to do sth. 因做某事感到自豪eg: He was proud of having such a good friend. 他为有这样的好朋友感到自豪。take pride in sth. 以为骄傲 eg: We take pride in our craftsmanship. 我们为自己的手艺感到骄傲。5. instead of 代替，而不是；后接名词、代词或动名词。eg: I will go there inste

6、ad of her. 我将代替她去那里。 She decided to play basketball instead of football. 她决定打篮球而不是踢足球。 Why dont you go to the cinema instead of playing computer games? 你为什么不看电影，而是玩电脑游戏呢？instead“代替，反而”，通常放在句尾，不跟任何词。eg: My husband asked why I couldnt just forget about dieting and eat normally instead. 我丈夫问我为什么不忘了节食，而

7、正常吃饭呢。6. keep doing sth. 一直做某事keep后接动名词做宾语，表示一直、坚持做某事eg: If you keep practicing your spoken English, you will soon make great progress. 如果你坚持一直练习你的英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。【拓展】keep的用法(1) 用做系动词，表示“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词做表语。eg: Please keep quiet/ silent! 请保持安静！ (2) 用做实义动词，可表示： 保存；保管；保留 eg: Please keep these thing

8、s for me while I am away. 在我离开期间，请帮我保管这些东西。 饲养；照顾；养活 eg: Does he earn enough to keep himself and his family? 他的收入够养活自己和家人吗？ 阻止；阻碍，常用于keep sb/sth from doing sth. 结构中，其中介词from不能省略。 eg: The heavy rain didnt keep them from watching the football match. 大雨没有阻止他们观看足球赛。(3) 用做使役动词后面常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或持续

9、某种动作。 keep + sb./sth. + 介词短语eg: If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. 如果你觉得手冷，就把它们放在口袋里。 keep + sb./sth. + 形容词eg: We should keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们应该保持教师整洁干净。 keep + sb./sth. + 副词eg: The cold weather kept us indoors. 寒冷的天气使我们待在家里。 keep + sb./sth. + doing sth. 表示“让某人/某物一直做某

10、事”，强调动作的持续性。eg: Im sorry Ive kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。 keep + sb./sth. + done，表示“让某人/某物一直被”，宾语补足语为动词的过去分词，表示被动。eg: She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was. 她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。 (4) keep构成的短语keep a record 保持记录 keep in touch (with) 保持联系keep a diary 记日记 keep in mind 牢记keep up with 跟上 keep ones word

11、 遵守诺言7. prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事(1) prefer A to B 喜欢甚于 to为介词，故A和B可以为名词，可以为动名词eg: I prefer paper books to e-books. 比起电子书籍我更喜欢纸质的书。 Even on holidays Mr. Wang preferred reading to doing nothing. 即使在假日，王先生宁愿读书也不愿闲着。(2) prefer to do sth. 比较喜欢做某事eg: They prefer to spend the rest of the morning wandering i

12、n the streets. 他们比较喜欢把早上的时间都用来在街上闲逛。(3) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事eg: I prefer to climb the hills rather than go to the seaside during my holiday. 我宁愿去爬山而不愿到海边度假。8. compared with/to 与相比，比较(1) compared with/to, compare的过去分词短语形式用作状语时，两者可以互换。eg: Compared with/to western countries

13、, China uses materials very carefully. 和西方相比，中国使用物资很节省。 (2) compare with和compare to的区别comparewith把和比较（常表示同类相比，比较）compareto 把比作（常表示异类相比，比喻）eg: Lets compare this song with that one. 让我们把这首歌和那首歌作一下比较。 The girl is often compared to the moon in his poems. 在他的诗歌里，女孩常被比作月亮。9. be made of 由制成(1) be made of 表

14、示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料，制作过程发生物理变化。 eg: The kite is made of paper风筝是用纸做的。(2) be made from 表示制成的东西完全看不出原材料，制作过程发生化学变化。eg: The paper is made from wood纸是木头做的。 10. 比较级+and+ 比较级 “越来越”more and more 越来越多eg: Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful. 北京变得越来越漂亮了。 1. -Jack, I have_ working out the maths problem. -Do

15、nt worry. Let me help you. A. fun B. trouble C. experience D. interest 2. With the development of modern industry, there will be _ living space for wild animals. A. fewer and fewer B. more and more C. less and less D. bigger and bigger3. Jennys uncle is a scientist. She is proud _ him. A. of B. in C

16、. from D. at4. -Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow? -It _ the weather. A. carries on B. lives on C. depends on D. holds on5. Liu Huan, a famous male singer, has long hair, because he _ long hair. A. used to have B. is used to having C. is used for havingD. is used to have6. We should encourage t

17、hem _ throwing cold water on them. A. instead B. instead of C. other than D. other7. A knife is made _metal. A. of B. with C. from D. in 8. I prefer _ her some presents _ her some money. A. to buying；to giving B. to buy；to giveC. buy；give D. buying；to giving 9. He kept_ all day, because he wanted to

18、 finish the work on time. A. working B. work C. to work D. worked10. When I compared my report _ Bettys, I found hers was better. A. of B. with C. from D. to解析：1. 本题为情景对话，回答的意思为“不要着急，我来帮助你”，可以推出上文的题意应为“我解出这道数学题有麻烦”，而have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意思为做某事有麻烦，故选B。2. 根据常识可以判断出，“随着现代工业的发展，对于野生动物来说，将来会

19、有越来越小的生存空间”。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”space不可数，故选C。3. 固定搭配be proud of，以为豪。故选A。4. 本题考查动词词组辨析，carry on继续；live on以为食，靠生活；depend on依靠，取决于；hold on稍等，坚持。根据题意，上文意思为“妈妈，明天我们去海滩好吗？”，下文回答depend on为最佳选项，意思为“看天气而定”。故选C。 5. 本题题意为“刘欢留着长头发，因为他习惯了长头发”。be used to doing sth表示习惯于做某事, used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事。故选B。 6. 本题题意为“

20、我们应该鼓励他们而不是往他们身上破冷水”。instead of意思为“而不是”后加动词ing形式；other than意思为“除了，不同于”。故选B。7. 本题题意为“刀子是由金属制成的”，原材料可以看出，be made of指原材料可以看得出，be made from看不出原材料，be made in在制造，故选A。8. 固定搭配prefer doing sth. to doing sth.，比起做某事更喜欢做，题意为“比起给她一些钱，我更喜欢给她买礼物。”故选D。9. 题意为“他一整天一直在工作，因为他想按时完成。”固定搭配“keep doing sth.”一直做某事。故选A。10. 题意

21、为“当我把我的报告和贝蒂的相比时，发现她的更好。”comparewith同类相比，compareto异类相比，我的报告和贝蒂的报告为同类，故用with，选B。答案： 1-5 BCACB 6-10 BADAB 基础演练一、翻译下列短语。1. 胜过_ 2. 看一下_ 3. 巨大的成功_4. 至少_ 5. 集中于_ 6. 养成的习惯_7. 只要_ 8. 共同的_ 9. 反复来回_10. 允许某人做某事_ 11. 使某人陷入困境_12. 一周至少三次_二、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。1. There will be an accident if you drive_(care) like this

22、.2. The boy was made _(play) the piano every day although he didnt like it at all.3. I decided to go there with you instead of _(stay) at home.4. Tom has an _(invite) to the opening night.5. Shes never _(satisfy) with what shes got.6. My sister became more and more _(interest) in working abroad.7. M

23、y last summer holiday is really _(enjoy).8. Do I get a chance _(paint) a fence every day.巩固提高一、根据句意和首字母提示，补全下列单词。1. The new rules will bthe workers in that factory. 2. As a flower l , she grows many beautiful flowers in the garden. 3. He always goes home early u other boys in his class. 4. The new r

24、obot is liked by many people but it still has some d .5. Little trees will grow taller and stronger after a long p of time.二、根据中文提示完成句子。（每空一词）1. 只要你努力，你几乎能做任何事情。 _ _ _ _ _ _, you can do almost anything.2. 英语和法语他都能讲。 He can speak_ _ _ _.3. 请允许我介绍一下我自己。 Please _ _ _ _ _.4. 依我看来，健康是我们生命中最重要的。 _ _ _, he

25、alth is _ _ _ in our lives.5. 昨天下午，我停下来和他交谈了半个小时。 I _ _ _ _ _ for half an hour yesterday afternoon.答案基础演练一、翻译下列短语。1. have an advantage over sb. 2. take a look at 3. a great success 4. at least 5. focus on 6. form a habit of 7. as long as 8. in common 9. back and forth 10. allow sb. to do sth. 11. ge

26、t sb. into trouble 12. at least three times a week 二、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。1. carelessly 2. to play 3. staying 4. invitation 5. satisfied 6. interested 7. enjoyable 8. to paint 巩固提高一、根据句意和首字母提示，补全下列单词。1. benefit 2. lover 3. unlike 4. disadvantages 5. period二、根据中文提示完成句子。（每空一词）1. as long as you try hard2. b

27、oth English and French3. allow me to introduce myself4. In my opinion; the most important5. stopped to talk with him一、单项选择1. Books can make_ happy. A. your B. us C. his D. theirs2.E-books can be stored _ a reader. A. at B. in C. with D. on3. James hasnt got Jays CDs, _ his sister has. A. so B. but C

28、. and D. or4. -_ you play the piano? -No. But I can play the guitar. A. Can B. May C. Must D. Should5. -I didnt see you at the meeting. -I had a bad cold. The doctor didnt allow me _off the bed. A. being B. to be C. be D. to being6. It is reported that the largest museum of modern art in this countr

29、y _ at the end of 2020. A. is built B.will build C. builds D. will be built 7. Many kinds of new bicycles _ in Number One Machine Factory now. A. are making B. are made C. have made D. will make8. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning9. You

30、may go fishing because your work _. A. is done B. will be done C. has been done D. has done10. The boy has trouble _ his work on time. A. to finish B. finished C. finish D. finishing二、 完形填空Yesterday my grandfather told m about his early days. 1 he left school, he found a job in a post office. He wor

31、ked hard in the post office. Soon he had more money than his friends because of his hard work. It seemed that he would have a 2 future.When he was 25 years old, however, he began to 3 his job. He wanted a more exciting one, so he left the post office. Two months 4 , he found a new job in a big compa

32、ny. Workers in this company 5 travelled a lot. At first he really enjoyed the travelling. But after a year, he began to hate it. He had to move around and he was always in a car or a train. The worst thing was that he 6 make any new friends. Even so, his boss was not satisfied with him. Two years la

33、ter he left the company.He was 7 at that time so he sold his house. He had to accept a part-time job in a 8 shop. He was surprised to find that he loved it! He made new friends every day and he enjoyed reading books. Three years later, he 9 the shop owners daughter. Soon they had their first child.

34、In the next ten years, they had another three 10 and four more book shops! He became very rich indeed. “Life is wonderful,” he told me. “The most important thing is that you should always try your best. Never give up!”1. A. While B. When C. Until D. If2. A.bad B. bright C. sad D. interesting3. A.be

35、tired of B. like C. love D. be crazy about4. A.ago B. before C. later D. after5. A.almost B. usually C. seldom D. never6. A. cant B. was able to C. couldnt D. could7. A. happy B. energetic C. rich D. poor8. A.cloth B. fruit C. book D. butchers9. A. married B. understood C. met D. visited10. A. siste

36、rs B. brothers C. children D. cousins答案一、 单项选择 1-5 BBBAB 6-10 DBCCD二、 完形填空 1-5 BBACB 6-10 CDCAC_ 一、单项选择1. The story of this book _ how young people love each other. A. tell B.tells C. telling D. told 2. -How long may I _your dictionary? -For one week. But it mustnt _ to others. A. keep; be lent B. b

37、orrow; lend C. lend; be borrowed D. have; borrow 3. I _ the book club last week and I _ two books already.A. join; read B. joined; read C. joined; have read D. joined; has read4. You _ return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.A. have to B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt 5. -I_ my h

38、omework at eight last night. What about you? -I was reading books. A. am doing B. will do C. have done D. was doing 6. -Must I finish the work today? -No, you_. A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldnt 7. I _ the newspaper and didnt find anything interesting. A. looked through B. looked after C. tried on D. tried out8. -We will certainly enter a good high school _ we work hard. -Yes. Our dream will come true by working hard.A. as soon as B. as long as C. as far as D. even if 9. - When is the World Book and Copyright D