初升高英语衔接谓语动词时态讲义.docx

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1、一、动词的时态英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用埴适动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动 作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。“时”指动作发生的时间,“态”指动作 的样子或状态。His daughter was disabled after a serious illness in 2003 and一般过去时状态过去的时间（在2003年）in the last nine years, he has been raising money to help those children like his daughter.从九年前到现在的一段时间现在完成进行时（过去到现在持续的动作）从以

2、上的例句可以看出，不同的动词时态是用来表示不同的动作状态或者动作的，不同 的动作时态要通过动词的正确形式表现出来。思考：目前为止学过的时态都有哪些？列举出来动词时态的分类英语的时态有16种,常用的有以下几种。现在过去将来过去将来一般do/doesdidwill/shall + dowould do进行am/is/are doingwas/were doingwill be doing完成have/has donehad donewill have done完成进行have/has been doing二、一般现在时1. The parents and his three children go

3、 skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.（每周日下午）总结：表的动作 常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如：always, usually, every morning/night/evening/week/year, often, sometimes, seldom, from time to time, once a month, occasionally 等2. Ann doesnt work here any more. She left last month.总结：表现阶段的动作或状态，描述主语的状态、性质

4、、特征、能力等。3. Does the earth move_around the sun ?总结：4. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 takes off at 18:20.总结:（“时刻表”，暗示计划、规定）这时候用一般现在时表将来动作，常见动词有 begin,e,leave,go,arrive, start, stop,open, close, return.5. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go rollerskating.（主句用将来时,从句用现在时） 总结：时间或者条件状语从句中用一般现

5、在时表将来的动作，主句用将来时。练习：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。6. ）1. -What did the teacher say just now?-He said that the earth around the sun.A. goB. goesC. wentD. to go（）2. Mary, what about going boating if it tomorrow?A. not rainB. wont rainC. doesnt rain D. isnt rain()3, Ill tell him about it as soon as I him.A. seeB.

6、 will seeC. saw D. sees 答案(B,C,A)三、现在进行时1.用法：We are waiting for the bus now.1).表示说话时动作正在进行。They are building a bridge these days. 2),表示现阶段进行的动作，但说话时动作不一定正在进 行。Stella, you are always throwing things about. Look, what a mess in your room. 3)表示反复发生 缸动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩，常与 always, constantly, contin

7、ually, forever等词连用。Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane is taking off生现在进彳亍时表,等来 的动作，表示暗示马上立刻发生的动作。这类动词有：arrive, e, go, leave, fly, move等。2.时 间标志词：now, at the present, these days, look, listen, all the time, at the moment, be quiet 注：不用进行时的动词1 .have,belong,possess,cost,owe,

8、exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continue 事实 状态的 动词。例：这所房子属于我姐姐。This house belongs to my sister.2 .know,realize,think,see,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,pref er,mean,understand,love,hate 等表心理状态的动词He loves his country deeply.3 .瞬可动词：accept,receive,plete,fi

9、nish,give,allow,decide,refuse.I accept your advice.4 .系动词：seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,bee,turn You seem a little tired.练习：选择填空，有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。()1. Theyready for the ing test these days.A. are gettingB. getC. gotD. will get()2. Be quiet. All the workers.A. sleepB. are sleeping C. wi

10、ll read D. slept 答案(A, B)四、现在完成时1. He has lived here since 1978.总结：持续性动词的现在完成时表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，已经完 成或可能还要继续下去，常跟表示一段时间的状语(since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻 相连的时间状语(如：up to now, so far等)连用。2. Profits in his pany went up by 25% last year, and havent decreased so far this year though the financial situation i

11、s bad.总结：瞬间性动词的现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系，常与表示不定的过去的时间状语(如:already, vet, before, recently等)连用。这些瞬间动词常常与它相对应的可以表示时间段的词语转换。如:I have e here for 3 years. (X)I have been here for 3 years.( /)试着写出下面瞬间动词相对应的表示时间段的词语：borrow / lend- keep buyf haveleave / gobe away get up be up finish be over clo

12、se be closedcatchf haveput on wear start / begin be on move- be out (of) openf be open dief be deadjoinf be in/ be a member (of) e/ bee/ arrive-be (in)3. It is the third time that the boy have been late.总结：It is the first / second time that.结构中的从句部分用现在完成时。4. This is the best film that Ive (ever) see

13、n.总结：This is thethat结构，that从句要用现在完成时。5. 标志词：already, yet, before, just, since+过去时间，for+时间段，in the past few days/weeks/years, up to the present, so far, till now 等。练习：有时间标志词的请在原句中圈出。l.Both his parents look sad. Maybe they whats happened to him .A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know2 .The fa

14、mous writer one new book in the past two years .A. is writingB .was writingC .wrote D .has written3 .一Our country a lot so far . Yes. I hope it will be evenA. has changed ; wellB . changed; goodC . has changed ; betterD. changed; better4 .Harry Potter is a very nice film. I it twice .5.1 fs six weeks I met you last.A. when B. since C. before D. for6.1 t is the first time that I a bike.A. ride B. am riding C. had ridden D. have ridden 答案(B,D,C,B,B,D)