01 动词的时态-冲刺2022年中考英语重难考点精讲精练.pptx

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1、英语时态专项总结练习 时态(Tense)是表示行为,动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式.简单地说,就是英语中在不同的时间条件下,谓语动词要作相应的变化.初中英语中我们要学习8种时态.一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在完成时,过去将来时,过去完成时.英英语时态Summary一般现在时:是指经常,反复,一直发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况,比如现在的特征,爱好,习惯,能力等等.一般现在时中如果谓语动词是实义动词时,考虑三单变化,变否定句和疑问句用do/does帮忙.谓语动词是be动词I后am,三单is,其余are,谓语动词是情态动词不做变化.一般一般现在在时 动词第

2、三人称单数的变化规则:1.一般情况+s.eg.plays,picks,camps,stays,shouts,jumps,looks2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词+es.eg.brushes,teaches,fixes,guesses,finishes3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变i+es.eg.study-studies,worry-worries 4.以o结尾的+es.eg.do-does.go-goes 一般一般过去去时表过去进行的动作及行为或发生的事,我们用一般过去时,除根据情境判断外,用于一般过去时的标志词一般有:just now,yesterday,the day befor

3、e yesterday,ago,last 等.一般过去时的句子中,谓语动词要变成相应的过去式现在在进行行时表现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为,我们用现在进行时,除根据情境判断外,用于现在进行时的标志词一般有:now,right now,at this time,these days,listen,look在句首时,at the moment,at present等.现在进行时的结构:助动词be+doing(现在分词)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作.除根据情境判断外,用于过去进行时的标志词一般有:at that time,at the time of,then,when/while

4、时间状语从句和过去的某个时间点等.过去进行时的结构:was/were+doing过去去进行行时 动词现在分词的变化规则:1.一般情况加ing.eg.reading,cleaning,talking,playing,helping,asking,looking2.不发音e结尾的动词去e加ing.eg.make-making,take-taking,have-having3.以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个字母再加ing.一般将来一般将来时表示将来某一时段的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态.除根据情境判断外,用于一般将来时的标志词一般有:tomorrow,n

5、ext week,in the future,in a year等.一般将来时的结构:1.(助动词)will/shall+do2.be going to do3.be doing过去将来去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态,即出发点是过去.主要是根据情境判断过去将来时的结构:1.(助动词)would+do 2.was/were going to do 3.was/were doing 4.was/were about to do一.表示发生在过去,强调对现在造成影响或后果.二.发生在过去,并持续到现在.除根据情境判断外,用于现在完成时的标志词有:already,yet,

6、never,ever,before,just等副词和for+时间段,since/ever since(自从),sinceago,so far等.现在完成时的结构:(助动词)have/has+动词过去分词pp.现在完成在完成时表示在过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生的动作,他表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去.除根据情境判断外,用于现在完成时的标志词有:by the end of+过去的时间点,by the time+从句,by+过去的时间点,before+过去时从句等.过去完成时的结构:(助动词)had+动词过去分词(pp)过去完成去完成时 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则:1.一般情况+ed.eg.m

7、ilked,picked,camped,stayed,shouted,jumped,looked2.不发音e结尾的动词+d.eg.moved,lived,closed,hoped,used3.以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个字母再+ed.eg.stopped,shopped4.辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变i+ed.eg.study-studied,worry-worried 一部分动词过去式和过去分词不规则,需要特殊记忆.初中初中英英语时态一般一般现在在时一般一般过去去时现在在进行行时过去去进行行时一般将一般将来来时过去将来去将来时现在完成在完成时过去完去完成成时意

8、意义经常的,习惯性的动作表现在的性质,特点,爱好发生在过去发生在此时此刻或这阶段发生在过去的某个时间点发生在将来发生在过去的将来发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,或一直持续到现在发生在过去的过去结构构is/am/are/do/does+v/can等等+v过去去式式is/am/are+doingwas/were+doing1will+do2be goingto+do3be+doing1would+do2was/were goingto+do3was/were+doinghas/have+pphad+pp一.选择题:1.Look,myteacher_tomyfriendTom.A.talksB.tal

9、kingC.istalking2.TomdoesntplantoBeijingwithhissister,becausehe_theretwice.A.went B.hasbeenC.hasgone3.Everyoneintheneighborhood_apartincleaningthestreetyesterday.A.playedB.playdC.play4.Hesaidhe_volunteerattheoldpeopleshomenextweekend.A.wasgoingtoB.isgoingtoC.will5.WhenIwentoutofmyhouse,he_fortheschoo

10、lbus.A.waswaitingB.iswaitingC.haswaited6.BythetimeIgottotheparty,mostofmyfriend_.A.showedupB.haveshownupC.hadshownupCBAAA现在进行时标志过去已经去过两次,对现在的影响是没计划去,现在完成时,去某地已回来用have been to一般过去时的标志C一般将来时的标志主句一般过去时+=过去将来时when引导的状语从句一般过去时,主句 通常过去进 行时过去完成时的标志Exercise一.选择题:7.TheSmiths_tothemountainsunlessit_tomorrow.A

11、.willgorainsB.willgowillrainC.goeswillrain8.Mary_toHenryforthreeyears.A.marriedB.hasmarriedC.hasbeenmarried9.Thecleaningrobot_myfather1000yuan.A.costsB.costC.costed10.His mother always_him with other children.A.compared B.comparing C.compares11.It _a pity that only six pieces of music in total_recor

12、ded forfuture world to hear.A.was was B.is were C.is have12.What_you use to do that you _do now?A.did dont B.do arent C.were haventACBCB一般将来时标志引导条件状语从句现在完成时的标志,时间段谓语 动词要用延续性意义的词A非延续性动词已经买完了,一般过去时+=主将从现过去式同原形一贯如此,一般现在时,主语三单一直是遗憾，一般现在时只有六首曲子被流传后世的事发生在过去,一般过去时used to do过去做某事,一般过去时一般现在时标志二.适当形式填空:1.We _

13、(buy)many things interesting last week.2.There_(is)more robots in 20 years.3.How many apples _we_(need)to make apple pies.4.I realized I _(leave)my bag at home,when I got to school.5.I want to know What _(happen)just know.6.Tom_(fight)with his younger brother at eight last night.7.The teacher said t

14、he earth_(run)around the sun.8.This is the best music which I _(listen)to.9.Listen!Someone _(shout)aloud.10.He _(is)in Shanghai since three years ago.11.She_(finish)reading a book about robots three days ago and _(write)a book report about it the day after tomorrow.boughtwill bedoneedhad left一般过去时标志

15、 一般将来时一般过去时标志happened 主句一般过去式,过去的过去过去完成时过去进行时标志做苹果派的平常需要苹果量现在进行时标 志主句是过去时,但从句客观真理,一般现在时 三单从过去到现在现在完成时一般过去时标志现在完成时标志was fightingrunshave listenedis shoutinghas beenfinishedwill write一般将来时标志二.适当形式填空:12.The old man _(die)for two months.13.She_(is)interesting in science and _(love)to imagine what the wo

16、rld _(is)like in the future.14.Yesterday I _(sell)my toys _(buy)for thirteen years.15.He _(meet)him twice so far.16.He_(sleep)while Beibei was studying.17.Would you mind not playing the piano?I_(memorize)words.18.Tom_(join)the English club last year and _(improve)his English a lot.19.Tom_(is)from En

17、gland and he_(speak)English.20.What are you_(do)when you grow up?21.He said he_(go)fishing if he_(finish)his work.has been deadisloveswill beam memorizing一般将来时标志现在完成时的标志,时间段谓语动词要用延续 性意义的词sold一般过去时标志喜好,一般现在时,三单两事过去同时发生,主句跟从句都用过去进行时现在完成时标志根据情境,现在进行时一般过去时标志have hadhas metwas sleepingjoinedhas improvedi

18、sspeaksgoing to do根据情境,现在完成时,从加入俱乐部到现在国籍,能力,一般现在时一般将来时be going to do结构 引导条件状语从句,主将从现.would gofinished主句过去时三.句型转换.1.I get up at eight oclock every day.(改为否定句和一般疑问句)I dont get up at eight oclock every day.Do you get up at eight oclock every day?2.His mother allows him to go out on the weekend.(改为否定句和一

19、般疑问句)His mother doesnt allow him to go out on the weekend.Does his mother allow him to go out on the weekend?3.He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.(改为否定句和一般疑问句)He didnt send them out to ask for help when in trouble.Did he send them out to ask for help when in trouble?关键是找谓语动词实义动词原形作谓语,d

20、o帮忙实义动词三单作谓语,does帮忙实义动词过去式作谓语,did帮忙助动词后+动词原形三.句型转换.4.Tom has finished reading the book.(改为否定句和一般疑问句并做肯定回答)Tom hasnt finished reading the book.Has Tom finished reading the book?Yes,he has.5.His mother had begun to cook by the time he got home.(改为否定句和一般疑问句并做否定回答)His mother hadnt begun to cook by the t

21、ime he got home.Had his mother begun to cook by the time he got home?No,she hadnt.6.The teacher will be angry if we do wrong things.(改为否定句和一般疑问句并做肯定回答)The teacher wont be angry if we do wrong things.Will the teacher be angry if we do wrong things?Yes,he will.关键是找谓语动词谓语动词助动词助动词变化,其它不变四.翻译.1.他为什么不喜欢大熊

22、猫?Why doesnt he like pandas?2.去年你和谁去度的假?Who did you go on a vacation last year?3.迄今为止,你去过哪?Where have you been so far?4.你昨天六点在做什么?What were you doing at six last night?5.截止去年之前,他已经学了10年钢琴.He had already learned for ten years by the time of last year.6.他不知道他的妈妈将什么时候回来.He didnt know when his mother would come back.喜好,一般现在时,三单一般过去时的标志现在完成时的标志过去完成时的标志过去进行时的标志主句一般过去时从句过去将来时谢谢谢谢 谢谢谢谢 观观观观 看看看看