02 句子种类-冲刺2022年中考英语重难考点精讲精练.pptx

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1、英语句子种类专项总结练习 英语句子按照用途可分为以下四类:英英语句子句子句子句子陈述句述句疑疑问句句祈使句祈使句感感叹句句肯定句肯定句肯定句肯定句否定句否定句否定句否定句一般疑一般疑一般疑一般疑问问句句句句特殊疑特殊疑特殊疑特殊疑问问句句句句选择选择疑疑疑疑问问句句句句附加疑附加疑附加疑附加疑问问句句句句Summary用于说明事实或说话人的看法.包括肯定结构和否定结构,在肯定结构中没有否定词,否定结构中在be动词/助动词/情态动词后+not.常用缩略形式,句末用句号.但tooto结构是”太以至于不能”表否定意义.陈述句述句疑疑问句句(用于提出用于提出问题)1.一般疑问句:是在句子中用提问的方式

2、提供一些信息,用Yes/No回答的问句.结构是：be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+表语/实义动词原形+其它？2.2.特殊疑特殊疑问问句句:是以特殊疑是以特殊疑问词问词开始的开始的,需要完整回答的疑需要完整回答的疑问问句句.结结构是：构是：特殊疑特殊疑问词问词+be+be动词动词/助助动词动词/情情态动词态动词+主主语语+其它？其它？3.选择疑问句:是指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的疑问句.前一部分是一个一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,后面加上or和供选择的另一个条件,要完整回答.结构是：一般疑问句/特殊疑问句+or+并列选择部分.4.附加疑问句:是由陈述句加简短附加问句构成,用以要求对方证实

3、所述事实的问句.常用的是反义疑问句.其结构是：陈陈述句述句+,+,+简简短的短的问问句句(主主语语用相用相应应的代的代词词)？疑疑问句句(用于提出用于提出问题)反义疑问句句子结构遵循两个原则：1.1.前前肯肯定后定后 ，前，前否否定后定后 .2.2.前前bebe动词动词后后 ,前前情情态动词态动词后后 ,前前助助动词动词后后 ,前前实实义动词义动词后后 .反义疑问句的回答:根据事实回答.1.前肯后否结构回答:如果事实是就答Yes,不是就答No.Yes后必跟肯定回答,No后必跟否定回答.正常翻译.2.前否后肯结构回答:如果事实和陈述句部分的否定句一致时答No,译成是的.如果事实和陈述部分的否定句

4、不一致时答Yes,译成不.Yes后必跟肯定回答,No后必跟否定回答.否否否否定定定定肯肯肯肯定定定定bebe动词动词情情情情态动词态动词助助助助动词动词助助助助动词动词祈使句祈使句1.祈使句是表示命令祈使句是表示命令,叮嘱叮嘱,号召号召,建议等的句子建议等的句子2.通常省略主语通常省略主语you,所以其结构是：所以其结构是：肯定肯定祈使句祈使句:动词原形打头动词原形打头+其它其它.否定否定祈使句祈使句:Dont+动词原形动词原形+其它其它.3.系动词系动词be原形原形+形容词或介词短语形容词或介词短语,也是祈使句也是祈使句.祈使句句尾也可以用感叹号祈使句句尾也可以用感叹号.常用于表示说话人的强

5、烈感情,如欢乐,兴奋,惊奇等.一般以what或how打头.其结构是:1.How+adj.+主语+系动词+其它2.How+adv.+主语+谓语动词+其它3.How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语动词+其它4.How+句子5.What+a/an+adj.+n单数+主语+谓语+其它6.What+adj.+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其它7.What+adj.+可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其它感感叹句句一一.把下列句子把下列句子变成否定句成否定句1.Tom is a math teacher.Tom isnt a math teacher.2.Lily was angry with Nelly

6、 yesterday.Lily wasnt angry with Nelly yesterday.3.Mike is talking to his good friend on the phone.Mike isnt talking to his good friend on the phone.4.We were watching Tv at eight last night.We werent watching Tv at eight last night.5.There will be many robots in the future.There wont be many robots

7、 in the future.6.I would like a bowl of beef noodles.I wouldnt like a bowl of beef noodles.be动词作作谓语,变否定句否定句,其后直接其后直接+not，缩写写nt助助动词辅助做助做谓语,变否定句否定句,其后直接其后直接+not，缩写写ntExercise一一.把下列句子把下列句子变成否定句成否定句7.I get to school by bus.I dont get to school by bus.8.My brother likes playing basketball.My brother does

8、nt like playing basketball.9.Lily got good grades last term.Lily didnt get good grades last term.10.I have studied French for three years.I havent studied French for three years.11.We had arrived by the time of last night.We hadnt arrived by the time of last night.12.He can play the piano very well.

9、He cant play the piano very well.实义动词原形作原形作谓语,变否定句否定句,do+not，缩写写dont+动词原形原形助助动词辅助做助做谓语,变否定句否定句,其后直接其后直接+not，缩写写nt实义动词过去式作去式作谓语,变否定否定句句,did+not，缩写写didnt+动词原形原形实义动词三三单作作谓语,变否定句否定句,does+not，缩写写doesnt+动词原原形形情情态动词辅助做助做谓语,变否定句否定句,其后直接其后直接+not一般疑一般疑问句的句的变化就是将以上化就是将以上+not的的词 即可即可.提前提前二：填空 提问内容,名称,职业,事物等用：提问

10、地点用：提问时间用：提问具体几点也可用：就人提问用：提问年龄用：提问原因用：提问数量可数用：不可数用：提问价格用：特殊疑问词：whatwherewhenwhat timewho/whomhow oldwhyhow manyhow muchhow much二：填空 提问时间段/for+时间段/长度用：提问距离用：提问身高用：提问宽度：就频率提问用：就in+时间段提问用：就归属提问用：就方式,程度,天气提问用：哪一个/些:特殊疑问词：how longhow farhow tallhow widehow oftenhow soonwhose,belong to作谓语 时用whohow which另外

11、,what+n.可以做特殊疑问词,eg:what color/food/sports/subject等等.三三.就划就划线部分提部分提问1.Her new skirt is purple.What color is her new skirt?2.My favorite color is red.Whats your favorite color?3.I went to the beach with my sister last weekend.What did you do with your sister last weekend?4.I went to the beach with my

12、 sister last weekend.Where did you go with your sister last weekend?5.I went to the beach with my sister last weekend.Who/Whom did you go to the beach with last weekend?6.I went to the beach with my sister last weekend.When did you go to the beach with your sister?颜色用色用what color提提问虽然也是然也是颜色色,但是是最喜但

13、是是最喜欢颜色的内容用色的内容用what 提提问做事做事,动词短短语用用whatdo提提问地点地点where提提问人人,作作宾语用用who/whom提提问时间when提提问特殊疑特殊疑问句句结构构:特殊疑特殊疑问词+be/助助/情情+主主语+其它其它?注意注意时态 保持一致保持一致三三.就划就划线部分提部分提问1.Her mother goes to work three times a week.How often does her mother go to work?2.Tom is 1.98 meters tall.How tall is Tom?3.It takes me two mo

14、nths to finish this book.How long does it take you to finish this book?4.This hat is Ms Lis.Whose is this hat/Whose hat is this?5.My school is two kilometers from my home.How far is your school from your home?6.I like math because it is interesting.Why do you like math?频率提率提问用用how often 身高用身高用how ta

15、ll 提提问,whats the height of?亦可亦可.时间段段how long提提问归属属whose提提问距离距离how far提提问原因原因why提提问特殊疑特殊疑问句句结构构:特殊疑特殊疑问词+be/助助/情情+主主语+其它其它?划线部分提问三步:1.根据划线部分找特殊疑问词,2.谓语be/情态动词/助动词直接接在特殊疑问词后面,若谓语是实义动词原形/三单/过去式,分别把do/does/did接在特殊疑问词后面3.从头抄(已经写过的/划线 部分不抄)1.你是一个老师还是一个学生？Are you a teacher or a student?2.他喜欢玩篮球还是排球？Does he

16、 like playing basketball or volleyball?3.吉姆,汤姆和亨利谁最高？Who is the tallest,Tim,Tom or Henry?4.你什么时候回来,明天还是后天？When will you return,tomorrow or the day after tomorrow?5.Mary是多么善良的姑娘呀！What a kind girl Mary is!/How kind a girl Mary is!6.他正学的多么认真呀！How carefully he is studying!四四.翻翻译选择疑疑问句句感感叹句句一般疑一般疑问句句+or+

17、并列成分并列成分特殊疑特殊疑问句句+or连接的并列成分接的并列成分How修修饰形容形容词/副副词what修修饰名名词1.Tom can plant flowers,_？2.There will be a group of volunteers to come here,_？3.He hasnt had dinner yet,_?4.Go and meet him,_？5.Dont fight with your brother,_？6.Let us go to the movies,_?7.Lets go to the movies,_8.He used to be afraid of the

18、 dark,_?9.Tom never/seldom/hardly ever gets up late,_?10.Your sister is unhappy today,_?11.I dont think he is right,_?四四.把句子把句子补充完整充完整wont therewill youcant hewill/wont youwill youshall wehas hedidnt he/usednt he前肯后否前肯后否,前情后情前情后情前肯后否前肯后否,前助后助前助后助前否后肯前否后肯,前助后助前助后助前后保持一致前后保持一致祈使句的反祈使句的反义疑疑问句句包括包括说话的的对

19、方方,所以用所以用we used to结构的构的反反义疑疑问句句does he否定副否定副词,前否前否isnt she否定前否定前缀按肯定算按肯定算,前肯前肯类似的似的还有有little,few,nothing,nobody,neither,tooto等等is he符合否定前移的句子跟从句符合否定前移的句子跟从句变六.阅读题:Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang Province with a population of 5.3 million and covering an area of 18,000 square kilometers.Its in

20、the northeast of China.Harbin is famous for its ice and snow.Sun Island is a great place to go and get away from the heat.If you come to Harbin,the Songhua River,the Dragon Tower,Zhongyang Street and the St.Sophia Church(圣索菲亚大教堂)are all good places to visit.Harbin isnt rich but beautiful and peacefu

21、l.1.The population of Harbin is 53,000,000,isnt it?No,it isnt.2.Harbin isnt 18,000 square kilometers in size,is it?Yes,it is.3.Harbin is known for its ice and snow or rain?It is known for its ice and snow.4.If you feel too hot in your hometown,where can you come?Sun Island.5.Harbin isnt a city which has many good places to visit,is it?Yes,it is.反义疑问句的陈述部分是肯定句,和事实不符,回答No.反义疑问句的陈述部分是否定句,和事实不符,回答Yes,译为不.选择疑问句,要用完整的回答.where问地点反义疑问句的陈述部分是否定句,和事 实不符,回答Yes,译为不.谢谢谢谢 谢谢谢谢 观观观观 看看看看