2024届高考英语复习完形填空方法与技巧讲解课件.pptx

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1、完形填空解题技巧训练GuessingthemissingwordsIm a New SoulIm a _ soul I came to this strange worldhoping I could learn a bit about how to give and_.But since I came herefelt the joy and the _finding myself making every possible _la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.Im a _ soul in this very strange worldhoping I could learn

2、a bit about what is true and _But why all this hate try to communicatefinding trust and love is not always easy to make.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la._New_newtakefearmistakeyoungfake_卷卷别年份年份题材材主主题语境境主主题内容内容名名词动词(短短语)形容形容词副副词介介词短短语新课标I2023记叙文人与自我帮助受伤参赛者85200新高考I2022记叙文人与自我难忘的家庭露营体验553112021记叙文人与自我烘焙厂兼职工作经历

3、49200新课标II2023记叙文人与社会飞行员主动帮助运送小狗37410新高考II2022记叙文人与自我新型旅游体验743102021记叙文人与自我中国警察卧底办案76200考情分析命题特点命题特点1完形填空主要考查完形填空主要考查在语篇中的在语篇中的_知识。知识。2完形填空的体裁多以完形填空的体裁多以 为主，偶有议论文、为主，偶有议论文、夹叙夹议的文章或说明文。夹叙夹议的文章或说明文。3要要求求选选择择填填空空的的词词常常为为实实词词（如如名名词词、动动词词、形形容容词词、副副词词等等）着着重重词词义义辨辨析析能能力力的的考考查查；代代词词、冠冠词词、介词、连词（包括从句的连接词）考得较少

4、。介词、连词（包括从句的连接词）考得较少。4.首句不设空首句不设空。5.逻辑链逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）。上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）。6.选项设计：选项设计：同一词类同一词类、同一语法形式。、同一语法形式。词汇词汇记叙文记叙文重视首句，判断文体，预测主题快速浏览，了解线索，把握大意逐句细读，寻找重复，场景还原(先易后难)边读边边读边填，填，扫扫除句内除句内层层次次题题(凭凭语语感感，能填的尽量能填的尽量填填)句句相句句相连连，扫扫除句除句组层组层次次题题(凭凭语语感感不能填，本不能填，本句前后去找句前后去找信息源信息源)贯贯通全文，通全文，扫扫除除语语篇篇层层次次题题(本句前本句前后

5、无法找到后无法找到信息源，信息源，通通览览全文全文攻攻难难点点)三种主要解题技巧三种主要解题技巧词汇运用词汇运用推理判断推理判断紧抓主旨紧抓主旨利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项“Tomorrow will be a better day”were the words he _46_ to me hundreds of times.（2023.9 新高考研究卷四）A.declared B.repeated C.whisperedD.recited【思思路路点点拨拨】B。此此题题考考查查短短语语动动词词的的区区别别，这这四四个个单单词词的的基基本本意意义义为为：declare宣宣告

6、告，声声称称，repeat重重复复，whisper小小声声说说，recite背背诵诵，根根据据题题义义：这这句句话话是他和我重复了几百遍的是他和我重复了几百遍的。应选。应选B。一、词汇运用一、词汇运用名词辨析名词是完形填空中必考的词性，占比大，生僻词名词是完形填空中必考的词性，占比大，生僻词多、选项词义相近让难度增加。多、选项词义相近让难度增加。When asked about the barriers she had encountered,Noreis said,“_29_ comes from practice.Difficulties are unavoidable.Just get

7、used to it.”(2023湖南省九校联盟高三第二次联考)A.SkillB.SkiC.Result D.EfficiencyTips:近五年高考名词主要分为具体名词(可通过上下文语境找到正确答案)抽象名词(多为想法、感觉或态度等名词，主要考察词性转换和派生)动词辨析动词考察旨在通过动作顺序、情景展现等考察在动词考察旨在通过动作顺序、情景展现等考察在具体语境中准确使用词语的能力具体语境中准确使用词语的能力On the night of November 25,2011,I got into a fistfight with my best friend in our kitchen.It

8、all started because I was trying to help him.He was drinking a lot,arguing with everyone and _22_ himself from others by keeping silent most of the time.(2023浙江省绍兴市高三联考)A.defendingB.seperatingC.protectingD.lockingTips:要结合上下文及逻辑关系进行辨别形容词辨析形容词在记叙文中起到铺陈故事和情绪表达的作形容词在记叙文中起到铺陈故事和情绪表达的作用。用。His phone rang m

9、any times with talks between him and his friend.It was _28_ to see him put so much effort in for a stranger.I arrived just in time just to jump onto the boat.Ive never been more thankful for someones kindness the whole way through.(2023河北省石家庄市高三教学质量检测二)A.satisfyingB.touching C.stressful D.awfulTips:

10、要结合语境，关注人物情绪变化以及事物特征的描写。副词辨析副词考察相对较少。副词考察相对较少。When they arrived,Mary even had a gift basket ready to give her“angel”.The officers were grateful that Mary not only noticed their small acts of service that often go unnoticed but that she went beyond to acknowledge it _32_.They thanked Mary for encoura

11、ging them with her gratitude and spirit.What a great reminder of how our heroes work behind the scenes to keep things running smoothly every day-and of how much it means to show appreciation for their efforts.A little sure goes a long way!(2023湖南省张家界高三第二次模拟考试)A.publiclyB.casuallyC.quietlyD.naturally

12、Tips：研磨被修饰成分：修饰动词时，体会动词表达的情感；修饰形容词时，感知程度深浅；修饰整个句子时，则要推敲逻辑关系。介词短语辨析介词通常和设空后的成分有关联，单纯考查的情介词通常和设空后的成分有关联，单纯考查的情况很少况很少In 2012,a civil war began,due to which,over one million people were forced to flee their homes and there were many deaths and injuries._45_ the United Nations established a peacekeeping

13、mission in the country.(2023江苏省无锡常镇四市高三下学期教学情况调研一)A.In turnB.In surpriseC.In responseD.In additionTips:要结合相关动词、人或物的特质进行判断。词汇活用一词多义、熟词生义的考查比重也在不断增加一词多义、熟词生义的考查比重也在不断增加Thomson was raised to the noblemen with the _54_ of Baron Kelvin of Largs in 1892.The Kelvin was a small river that flowed near Clasgo

14、w University and he was president of the royal Society from 1890 to 1895.He died on 17 December,1907,in Ayrshire,Scotland and was buried in Westminster Abbey.(2023重庆市第一中学校高三下学期信心考试)A.titleB.nameC.honorD.awardTips:要根据单词本义以及构词法推断单词的生僻含义，备考时要尽可能多地掌握单词的不同含义。高频短语选项中常设置不同的短语搭配选项中常设置不同的短语搭配Noreis has becom

15、e a star at the resort in Lusten Mountains Ski Area,home to winter sports lovers.Dressed in her baby blue suit and white helmet,she joins the other ski enthusiasts.But fluent skier now though she is,Noreis only _23_ the sport when she was 75.Up until then,she had spent her days working the land on t

16、he farm.(2023湖南省九校联盟高三第二次联考)23.A.took upB.brought inC.gave awayD.fell onTips:明确短语意义，结合语境判断；平时多积累。二、推理判断二、推理判断我们可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：我们可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：1 1、运用、运用 前置信息前置信息 与与 后置信息后置信息,即即语境语境2 2、运用复现词语、运用复现词语3 3、运用同义词或近义词、运用同义词或近义词4 4、运用反义词、运用反义词 5 5、运用上下义词、运用上下义词6 6、运运用用逻辑关系逻辑关系7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识、运用生活常识及文化背景知识充分

17、利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。例如：示作用的词或句。例如：Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived_formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandforaholiday.A.aloneB.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad1 1、运用、运用 前置信息前置信息 与与 后置信息后置信息 2 2、利用复现词语、利用复现词语有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1_.S

18、hewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof_2_.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。IrememberasachildIsaidsom

19、ething_aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,itsareflectionofyou.A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual【思路点拨】【思路点拨】A。近义词复现，从后暗示。近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant得得知答案。知答案。3 3、利用同义词或近义词、利用同义词或近义词 语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义的角度判断正确的选项。Some

20、partsofthewaterareveryshallow(浅浅的的).Butinsomeplacesitisvery.A.highB.deepC.coldD.dangerous4 4、利用、利用反义词5、利用、利用上下义词 上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体。它们是包含与被包含的关系。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food的下义词。1.He taught her how to rely on her other _,specifically her hearing A.feeling B.organs

21、C.skills D.senses 2.Idropped all the coins into It proved to be a waste of _,I thought A.words B.effort C.space D.money如表示结构层次的如表示结构层次的firstly,secondly,finally等；等；如表示并列关系的如表示并列关系的and,or,besides,aswell(as)等；等；表示因果关系的表示因果关系的thus,therefore,so等，等，表示改变话题的表示改变话题的bytheway；表示递进关系的表示递进关系的besides,whatsmore,fu

22、rther等，等，表示转折关系的表示转折关系的however,but,while,ontheotherhand等等等。等。做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。6 6、利用逻辑关系、利用逻辑关系【小试闯关】1.WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.IdecidedtobuyacarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore_home.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD

23、.getting【思路点拨】此题考查行文逻辑中的因果关系、时间先后顺序。从第一句的arrived可知题2选A（leaving）。2.Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin_.Throughdetermination,shehadlearnedtoreadandwrite.A.brainB.wishC.willD.health根据连词确定选项。根据连词确定选项。1.Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir_.Thiswasth

24、ebeginningofanotherordinarydayinNewYorkCity.A.jobsB.homesC.busesD.offices7 7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识、运用生活常识及文化背景知识了解生活常识，确定相关知识了解生活常识，确定相关知识2.Immediatelytheofficersjumpedintotheir cars and rushed to the _hospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest三、紧抓主旨三、紧抓主旨作者往往通过首句或首段揭示作者往往通过首句或首段揭示文章的主旨大意，体现文章的题材、文章的主旨大意，体现

25、文章的题材、体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，清文章思路，把握作者的态度或把握作者的态度或思想情感思想情感，这对做好一篇完形有着，这对做好一篇完形有着非常重要的作用，否则可能导致几非常重要的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。个空格的连续选填失误。Bedtimestoriesareoneofthedelightsofearlychildhood.AccordingtoDr.JulieSpreadburyfromQueenslandUniversity,Parentsshouldnot_1_readingtotheirchildrenafterthey

26、enterprimaryschool.1.A.speedupB.keepupC.giveupD.holdup 解题误区解题误区做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。巧外，还应避免几个误区。1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。2、时间安排不当，做完形填空的时间应控制在、时间安排不当，做完形填空的时间应控制在12分分钟左右。正确的做法是钟左右。正确的做法是由易到难由易到难。1.In a

27、cloze,a clue word can be found either before or after a blank.2.In an article,there are lots of clue words.SummarySummary(2023/6 新课标I卷)On Oct.11,hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did.Her 42 came because she was

28、 carrying a 43 across the finish line.As reported by a local newspaper,Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She 45 to help her fellow runner,Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 .She could

29、nt.Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.41.A.designedB.followedC.changedD.finished42.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuse43.A.judgeB.volunteerC.classmateD.competitor44.A.raceB.schoolC.

30、townD.training45.A.agreedB.returnedC.stoppedD.promised固搭逻辑语境复现语境As reported by a local newspaper,Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She 45 to help her fellow runner,Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk

31、forward with 46 .She couldnt.Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.Once there,Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital,where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of h

32、er knees.She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Baileys help.46.A.courageB.aidC.patienceD.advice47.A.went awayB.stood upC.stepped asideD.bent down48.A.medicalB.publicC.constantD.equal49.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated50.A.hungerB.painC.col

33、dD.tiredness逻辑常识语境顺承复现As for Bailey,she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 .“She was just crying.I couldnt 53 her,”Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 ,theyve since become friends.Neither won the race,but the 55 of human kindness won the day.51.A.worriedB.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged52.A.gameB.problemC.lessonD.deal53.A.leaveB.cureC.botherD.understand54.A.rideB.testC.meetD.show55.A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange语境固搭 not a big deal 不是什么大事语境升华语境