初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 5 Section B预习指导（知识点+练习题）.doc

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1、八年级英语下册 Unit 5 Section B预习指导一、知识点1.Be late for 迟到Eg: We are late for the school.我们上学迟到了。2.The answers to the questions 问题的答案Eg: Can you tell me the answers to the questions?你能告诉我问题的答案吗？3.Happen (动词)“发生”用法：sth.+ happen + 地点/时间 “某地/某时发生某事”Sth.+ happen to sb. “某人发生某事”Sb.happen to do sth. “某人碰巧做某事”Eg: T

2、he car accident happened in Beijing in May.这场交通事故发生在五月北京。The car accident happened to Lucy.露西发生了交通事故。She happened to meet her friend on the street.她碰巧在街上见到了她的朋友。4.Miss (动词) “错过；未击中；思念”Miss doing sth.错过做某事Eg: She missed the first bus.她错过了头班车。She missed busting hunts together.她错过了到处狩猎的机会。5.Win (动词) “赢

3、得” - winner (名词) “获胜者”win后常接名次、奖品等Beat后常接人或团队等Eg: She won the first prize in English competition.他在英语竞赛中取得了第一名。Our team beat Mikes team yesterday.昨天我们队伍打败了马克的队伍。6.By the side of the road 在路边Eg: Kate saw a dog by the side of the road.凯特在路边看到一只狗。7.Animal Helpline 动物保护热线8.Wait for . 等待.Wait for sb.to d

4、o sth. 等待某人做某事Eg: Lucy is waiting for me to help her.路西正等这我去帮她。9.Walk by . 路过.Eg: They walked by the dog. 他们路过那只狗。10.Realize (动词) “意识到” 后面常常加that从句Eg: Kate realized her bag was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家里。11.Make ones way to . 前往.Lose ones way 迷路In ones way 挡路On ones way to . 在去.的路上By the way 顺便说一句Eg

5、: Kate was still making her way to school.凯特还在前往去学校的路。12.Be helpful for . 对.有帮助Help (动词) “帮助” - helpful (形容词) “有帮助的”、Eg: This book is helpful for us. 这本书对我们有帮助。13.Its a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意Eg: Its a good idea to read English books.读英语书是一个好主意。14.Hear (动词) “听见”常见搭配：hear sb.do sth. 听见某人做.（全过程）

6、Hear sb.doing sth. 听见某人正在做.（片段）Hear from sb. 收到某人来信Hear of . 听说.Eg: I heard him singing in the room when I passed the room.当我路过房间时，我听见他正在唱歌。I always hear from my sister.我总能收到姐姐的来信。Do you hear of this news?你听说这条新闻了吗？15.In history 在历史上Eg: Do you know anyone important in history? 你知道历史上某些重要的人吗？16.For e

7、xample 例如For example“例如”一般用于列举一类人或事中的一个例子Such as “例如”一般列举同一类人/事中的几个例子，但必须少于前面所提总数，只能在所列举词前Eg: I know several languages, such as English and Chinese.我知道几种语言，例如英语和汉语。I like fruit, for example, I often eat bananas in the evening.我喜欢水果，例如，我经常晚上吃香蕉。17.On 后接具体的某一天或某一天早午晚In 后接一段时间或早午晚At 后接具体时刻Eg: On Sunday

8、 morning 在周日早上In July 在七月At 7: 00 在七点18.Be killed 被杀害（被动语态）Eg: Dr.Martin Luther King was killed on April 4, 1968.马丁路德金在1968年4月4日被杀害。19.Over = more than 多余；超过Eg: My grandfather is over 80 years old.我爷爷80多岁了。20.At that time 在那时Eg: What were you doing at that time?你那个时候在干什么？21.On the radio 通过收音机Eg: Wha

9、t did you hear on the radio?你在收音机上听到了什么？22.Die (动词) “死”Death (名词) “死亡”Dead (形容词) “已故的”Dying (形容词) “奄奄一息的”Die for . “为.而牺牲”Die of . “死于内因”Die from . “死于外因”Eg: He died of cancer.他死于癌症。He died from car accident.他死于交通事故。23.Completely(副词) “彻底地” - complete (形容词)“完全的”Eg: My parents were completely shocked.

10、 我的父母被彻底震惊到了。24.Be shocked at sth. 对某事感到震惊Be shocked to do sth.对做某事感到震惊Eg: She is shocked at the news.她对这个新闻感到震惊。She is shocked to pass the exam.她对通过考试感到震惊。25.finish (动词) “结束” (名词) “结束；终止”The finish line 终点线Finish doing sth.完成某事Eg: We will finish working in two hours.我们两小时后完成工作。26.The rest of . “剩余的

11、”（作主语时谓语动词取决于of后的名词）Eg: The rest of students are playing on the playground.剩下的学生正在操场上玩。The rest of water is dirty.剩下的水很脏。27.In silence = silently 沉默地Keep silent 保持沉默Eg: The students are reading books in silence.学生们正在默默地读书。28.More recently 更近一些的29.Take down 拆毁；拆除；记录；取下Take相关短语：Take away 拿走；带走Take bac

12、k 退回Take in 吸入；理解Take off 脱掉；起飞；休假Take on 呈现Take out 拿出Take over 接管Take up 开始从事Eg: Take down the book from the bookshelf.把那本书从书架上拿下来。30.Date (名词) “日期”Eg: Whats the date?= What date is it?今天几号？31.Have meaning to sb. 对某人有特殊意义Eg: The meeting has meaning to us.这次会议对我们有特殊意义。Mean(动词) “意味；打算”- meaning (名词)

13、 “意思”Mean to do sth. “打算做某事”Mean doing sth. “意味着.”The meaning of . “.的意思”Eg: I didnt mean to hurt your feelings.我本不打算伤害你的感情。Nonresistance doesnt necessarily mean doing nothing.不抵抗不一定意味着什么都不去做。Whats the meaning of the words?这些词是什么意思？32.Shout at sb. 对某人喊Eg: Dont shout at me. 别对我大喊。33.believe (动词) 认为；相

14、信Eg: I believe that hes right.我相信他是对的。否定前移的动词：believe, think, suppose, imagine等，主语为第一人称Eg: I dont believe that he is a good boy.我认为他不是一个好男孩。34.Look out of. 向.外面看Eg: Dont look out of the windows.不要往窗外看。35.So形容词 that从句 “如此.以至于.”Eg: He is so young that he cant go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能上学。36.Could hardly

15、几乎不能Hardly (副词) “几乎不” 在句中起否定意思。Eg: I could hardly think clearly after that.那之后我几乎不能清楚思考。37.Tell the truth 说实话In truth 实际上True (形容词) “真实的” - truth (名词) “事实”Eg: To tell the truth, I dont like bananas.说实话，我不喜欢香蕉。38.Have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难Eg: She has trouble in learning English.她在学英语方面有困难。39

16、.Point out 指出Eg: I should point out your mistake.我应该指出你的错误。Point at 指向Eg: The little boy pointed at the elephant.这个小男孩指向那只大象。40.Go away 离开；消失Eg: Weve decided not to go away after all.我们到底还是决定不离开。41.Practice doing sth. 练习做某事Eg: She practices speaking English every day.她每天练习说英语。42.Three times 三次Eg: Yo

17、u should take this medicine three times a day.你应该每天吃三次药。43.The big day 重大的日子Eg: Today is the big day.今天是个大日子。44.Call out 大声呼叫Eg: Im about to call out to them.我要叫他们。二、练习题一、短语互译1.Go away _2.剩下的 _3.Take down _4.沉默 _5.For example _二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.Can you remember the d_ of your mothers birthday?2._

18、 (最近), he found some boys playing in his garden.3.Dont k_ me please.4.There is only one _ (学生) in the classroom.5.Can you tell me the t_ ?三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Wendy is the _ (win) of the photo competition.2.This dictionary is _ (help) for us.3.Its a good idea _ (take) a walk after dinner.4.The old man was

19、 _ (kill) in the car accident.5.We finished _ (clean) the room just now.四、单项选择( )1.He saw a girl running in the rain _ a cold morning.A.on B.at C.in D.for( )2.His grandpa _ cancer last year.A.dies of B.dies from C.died of D.died from( )3.The rest of the land _ used to plant flowers last year.A.is B.

20、was C.are D.were( )4.Do you have some trouble _ at home alone?A.stay B.staying C.stays D.to stay( )5.You must practice _ English every day.A.speak B.speaks C.to speak D.speaking( )6.Reading books _ is useful for us to relax our mind.A.in silence B.in common C.in danger D.in surprise五、完形填空Last night,

21、 there was a terrible rainstorm.An old man was killed in his apartment while it was raining 1._.The next day, his neighbor found the 2._ and called the police.Soon the police came and 3._ some people what they were doing in the neighborhood at that time and tried to 4._ the truth.Here are some notes

22、 (笔记).Henry, a blacksmith (铁匠): The police found that there was a wound (伤口) in his right arm.Henry said he hurt 5._ when he worked in the day.When it rained, he fell asleep soon after in a day of hard work.He didnt get out of the 6._ the whole night.Tony, a worker: I was helping my wife make dinner

23、 when the rain began to 7._ against the windows.After dinner, we closed the door and the windows to make sure it was safe enough.The 8._ in the house went out and it was dark everywhere.We went to bed early.Ben, a doctor: I was driving my car on my way home when it began to rain.I had to stop in fro

24、nt of a hotel because of the 9._ weather.So I didnt go home and stayed in the hotel for the night.I returned 10._ the next day.Do you know who killed the old man according to their words?( )1.A.hardly B.heavily C.strongly D.completely( )2.A.truth B.storm C.alarm D.event( )3.A.asked B.named C.reporte

25、d D.copied( )4.A.give up B.set up C.put off D.find out( )5.A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself( )6.A.hospital B.bedroom C.school D.station( )7.A.beat B.fix C.cause D.push( )8.A.lights B.matches C.signs D.windows( )9.A.cool B.warm C.good D.bad( )10.A.home B.hotel C.school D.shop六、阅读理解It was about

26、 1:00 in the morning.There was bright light in my neighbors kitchen.I thought he might be having midnight food so I went back to my bed.Soon, there was a burning smell and I realized there must be something wrong.I jumped out of bed at once and went to have a look.I saw fire coming out of his kitche

27、n.I shouted, “Fire! Fire!” But nobody heard me.I ran quickly to my house and called the Fire Department (消防队) and went back to my neighbors house.I knocked at the door and called my neighbors name, but there was no answer.I tried to break into the house and saved a cat and a chicken.Then I poured wa

28、ter through the kitchen window but it was no use, because the fire was too big.Luckily, the firemen arrived and put out the fire in time.When my neighbor came back, he was sad because his kitchen was burnt down, but he thanked me for calling the Fire Department and saving his pets.A week later, my n

29、eighbor invited me to his home for dinner.In his new kitchen, he took a photo of me.Later on, he gave me the photo as a gift.It made me happy.( )1.When the writer saw the bright light in his neighbors kitchen, he thought his neighbor was _.8A.having midnight food B.drinking water C.playing D.doing t

30、he dishes( )2.What did the writer do first after he saw fire coming out of his neighbors kitchen?A.He shouted for help. B.He ran into his house quickly.C.He called the Fire Department.D.He knocked at his neighbors door.( )3.The writers neighbor kept _ as pets according to the text.A.a dog and a cat

31、B.a cat and a bird C.a dog and a bird D.a cat and a chicken( )4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A.The writer put out the fire at last.B.The neighbor was at home when the fire happened.C.The neighbor invited the writer to have dinner.D.The writer took a photo with his neighbor in

32、 his new kitchen.( )5.We can know from the text that the writer is _.A.outgoing B.famous C.helpful D.hard working附：参考答案一、1.离开2.the rest of3.拆毁4.In silence5.例如二、1.date 2.Recently 3.kid 4.pupil 5.truth三、1.winner 2.helpful 3.to take 4.killed 5.cleaning四、1 - 6 ACBBDA五、1 - 5 BDADD 6 - 10 BAADA六、1 - 5 AADCC