原版英语RAZ 教案(S) What's in a Name_.pdf

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1、www.readinga-Whats in a Name?Whats in a Name?A Reading AZ Level S Leveled BookWord Count:1,554Visit www.readinga- for thousands of books and materials.Written by Francis Morgan Illustrated by Nora VoutasLEVELED BOOK SWritten by Francis MorganIllustrated by Nora VoutasWhats in a Name?Whats in a Name?

2、Level S Leveled Book Learning AZWritten by Francis MorganIllustrated by Nora VoutasAll rights reserved.www.readinga-Photo Credits:Page 4:Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy;page 18:Andrew Marks/Corbiswww.readinga-CorrelationLEVEL SO3434Fountas&PinnellReading RecoveryDRA34Table of ContentsIntroduction .5Family

3、 Names.8 1.Names from a Father .12 2.Names from a Place .13 3.Names from a Job .14 4.Names from a Description.16 Changing Names.17First Names .20 Family Names as First Names.21 Nicknames .21Index of Names in the Book.24Kong-Sang Chan changed his name to Jackie Chan.Whats in a Name?Level S56Introduct

4、ionIn this book,we are going to study names.We will use the names of a third grade class to find out where names come from.Your last name is your family name.Your first name is your given name.Its called“given name”because your parents give it to you.Often your parents will pick two names for you,a

5、first name and a middle name.You have your name all your life.However,many women change their family name when they marry.They take the family name of their husband.Their children have this family name as their last name.This is Tommy Tomkins.There are twenty-four other children in Tommys class.Twel

6、ve are boys and twelve are girls.Every morning,at school,Mrs.Zimmerman,the teacher,calls out the names of the children.The children shout“present”after they hear their names.She starts with the boys names,then she continues with the girls names:Whats in a Name?Level S78Daniel ArmstrongRobert Figuero

7、aAndrew FitzgeraldJoshua FoxJason FreemanJos GarciaWilliam GardenerKareem JohnsonMatthew LongfellowMichael OBrianThomas TomkinsChristopher WoodDavid YamamuraSamantha BakerKim ChanJennifer ClarkEmily FisherRebecca GoldschmittAmanda HillStephanie JacksonKawanna MacdonaldIsabelle RodriguezBrittany Schu

8、macherAshley TaylorSarah WhiteFamily NamesYour family name has probably been in your family for hundreds of years.At one time many years ago,people had only one name,a given name.At that time,there were very few names for parents to choose from.People lived in small villages where everyone knew each

9、 other.Over the years,the population increased.Villages grew larger.Towns were formed.In the towns and villages many people had the same name,and it started to get confusing.In one village there may have been eight men called John.Whats in a Name?Level S910The villagers had to add words to the diffe

10、rent Johns names to understand which John they were talking about.Some of the Johns were known by adding their fathers name.(For example,John,Davids son;or John,Jacks son.)Others were known by where they lived.(For example,John from the hill,or John from the lake.)Others were known by the job they d

11、id.(For example,John the carpenter or John the gardener.)Still others were known by some personal feature.(For example,John the short,or John with white hair.)In the Middle Ages,the rulers of many countries wanted to know who everyone was in their country.They wanted to make sure everyone was paying

12、 taxes,so they needed to count everyone.These rulers didnt want to get mixed up with eight different Johns,nine different Henrys,and ten different Williams in one village.So they passed laws that said everyone had to have a last name.Whats in a Name?Level S1112In our example village,with the eight J

13、ohns,John,Davids son became John Davidson.John,Jacks son became John Jackson,John from the lake became John Lake,John from the hill became John Hill.John the carpenter became John Carpenter,and John the gardener became John Gardener.John the short became John Short.John with white hair became John W

14、hite.Our last names are usually based on one of the four groups:1.fathers name2.place where they lived3.job or trade4.persons appearanceLets look at all the children in Tommys class from page 7 and divide their names into the four groups.1.Names from a Father Fitz means“son of”and came from France.F

15、itzgerald meant“son of Gerald.”Johnson started off as“Johns son,”and Jackson as“Jacks son.”Mac and Mc mean“son of”and occur in Scottish and Irish names.Macdonald meant“son of Donald.”O means“son of”and is used in Irish names.OBrian meant“son of Brian.”-kins at the end of a name formed a nickname mea

16、ning“little.”Tomkins meant“little Tom,”or“Toms little one.”-ez at the end of a name meant“son of”in Spanish.Rodriguez meant“son of Roderick.”Whats in a Name?Level S13142.Names from a PlaceFigueroa means“where the fig trees grow”in Spanish.So Robert Figueroas ancestors came from a place where fig tre

17、es grew in Spain.Garcia is the name of a place in Spain,so Joses ancestors came from this town.Yamamura is Japanese.Yama means“mountain,”and mura means“village.”Davids ancestors came from a village in the mountains of Japan.3.Names from a JobThe ancestors of the children in the class with“job”names

18、were bakers,clerks,fishermen,gardeners,goldsmiths,and tailors.Schumacher means“shoemaker”in German,so Brittany had an ancestor who made shoes.Jason Freemans ancestors were slaves.They were captured in Africa and brought,against their will,to America to work in the fields.When slavery was abolished,t

19、hey were able to choose their own names.As most didnt know what their African names were,they Last Name Son of.Williams William WilliamsonWilkins Will WilsonWatson WattWatkinsJones JohnHarrison HarryHarrisParryRobinson RobinRobbinsCommon Names from Fathers First NameLast Name Son of.Richards Richard

20、RichardsonPrichardRobertson RobertRoberts ProbertEricson EricAdams AdamMcAdam Peterson PeterPetersEvans EvanBevanEvanson Last Name Place Moore from a moor Hall from near a hall Green from near a village green Mills from near a mill Barnes from near a barn Ford from near a ford(river crossing)Lake fr

21、om near a lake Brooks from near a brook Marsh from near a marsh Lane from near a lane Holland from the country of HollandCommon Names from PlacesWhats in a Name?Level S1516chose American names.Many picked the names of their former masters.Some,like Jasons ancestors,wanted to show they had become fre

22、e so they chose the name Freeman.Some of the jobs that people did in the Middle Ages,when last names first started,no longer exist.The names,however,still live on.Some of these are:Cooper:A cooper made wooden barrels.Hooper:A hooper made hoops for barrels.Archer and Bowman:Archers and bowmen were so

23、ldiers who used a bow and arrows.Fletcher:A fletcher made arrows.Carter:A carter made or drove carts.Wheeler:A wheeler made wheels for the carts.Tanner:A tanner worked with leather.4.Names from a DescriptionThe first ancestor of Daniel Armstrong with a last name was known as a strong man.Chan is Chi

24、nese and means“old,”so the first person to have a last name in Kims family was old.Some people have animal names as last names.This usually means that their ancestor acted like the animal in some way.Joshua Foxs ancestor was probably cunning,like a fox.Longfellow was a tall person and White had whit

25、e hair.Smith blacksmith Farmer farmworker Miller worked in a flour mill Shepherd took care of sheep Cook cooked food Potter made potsCommon Names from JobsLast Name Job or Trade Brown brown skin or hair Young young person Gray gray hair Bird timid,like a bird Long tall person Peacock proud or showy,

26、like a peacock Lamb meek,like a lamb Whitehead with white hair Bull wild and dangerous,like a bull Short a short personCommon Names from Descriptions Last Name DescriptionWhats in a Name?Level S1718Changing NamesSometimes family names were changed for different reasons.Many of the people going to Am

27、erica from Europe had difficult names to pronounce and spell.To make things less difficult,they changed their names.Sometimes people arrived in the country and an official would change their name for them.This was because the official couldnt understand them when he asked them their name,or he could

28、nt spell it properly.Someone called Jan Micsza would have become John McShea.Someone with the last name of Mlynar would become Miller.Hildergart Zimmerman(German for“carpenter”)would become Hilda Carpenter.Father Place Job Description Fitzgerald Figueroa Baker ArmstrongJohnson Garcia Clark ChanJacks

29、on Hill Fisher FoxMacdonald Wood Freeman LongfellowOBrian Yamamura Gardener WhiteTomkins GoldschmittRodriguez Schumacher TaylorTypes of Names in Tommys Grade 3 ClassCaryn Johnson changed her name to Whoopi Goldberg.Whats in a Name?Level S1920Sometimes actors and singers change their names so that pe

30、ople will remember them more easily.Here are some examples.First NamesNow that you know about family names,lets look at given names or first names.There are many different reasons why parents choose a particular name for their child.Maybe they name a son after his grandfather.They could name a daugh

31、ter after someone they admire,like a writer,actor,or athlete.Or they could just choose a name they like the sound of.Most first names have meanings,which are very old.Most of these meanings are now forgotten,although some parents will look up the meanings of first names in a book or on the Internet.

32、Ashley from the ash tree Old English Brittany a woman from Britain Irish Stephanie crown Greek Amanda lovable Latin Michael who is like God Hebrew Andrew courageous Greek Robert bright fame English David friend HebrewMeanings of Some Common First Names Name Meaning LanguageBabyface Singer Kenneth Br

33、ian EdmondsJackie Chan Actor Kong-Sang ChanCher Singer Cherilyn SarkisianTom Cruise Actor Thomas Cruise Mapother IVEminem Rapper Marshall Mathers IIIGloria Estefan Singer Gloria Maria FajardoWhoopi Goldberg Actor Caryn JohnsonHulk Hogan Wrestler Terry Jean BolleaIce Cube Rap singer OShea Jackson Ice

34、-T Rap singer Tracey MarrowElton John Singer Reginald Kenneth DwightCourtney Love Singer Love Michelle HarrisonMadonna Singer Madonna Louise CicconePrince Rock star Prince Rogers NelsonP.Diddy Singer Sean CombsRingo Starr Drummer Richard StarkeySting Singer Gordon Matthew SumnerKid Rock Rapper Rober

35、t James RitchieTiger Woods Golfer Eldrick WoodsWhats in a Name?Level S2122Family Names as First NamesIn the past few years,it has become popular to use family names as first names.Some examples are:Tyler(originally a family name from someone who put tiles on roofs),Hunter(English,a hunter),Logan(Iri

36、sh,from a cove),Mason(a stone mason),Blake(Old English,white),Tanner(English,leather-worker),Morgan(Welsh,sea dweller),Haley(English,hay meadow),and Brooke (lived near a brook).NicknamesVery often,first names are shortened or changed.These names are called nicknames.Lets look at Tommys class and see

37、 how many nicknames there are.Daniel Armstrong is called Danny.Robert Figueroa is called Bobby.Andrew Fitzgerald is called Andy.Joshua Fox is called Josh.Jason Freeman is called Flash,but thats not because of his name.Its because he runs fast.Jos Garcia doesnt have a nickname.William Gardener is cal

38、led Billy.Kareem Johnson is called KJ.Matthew Longfellow is called Matt.Michael OBrian is called Mike.Thomas Tomkins is called Tommy.Christopher Wood is called Chris.David Yamamura is called Dave.Whats in a Name?Level S2324Girls also have nicknames.Samantha Baker is called Sam.Kim Chan doesnt have a

39、 nickname.Jennifer Clark is called Jenny.Emily Fisher is called Em.Rebecca Goldschmitt is called Becky.Amanda Hill is called Mandy.Stephanie Jackson is called Stephie.Kawanna Macdonald is called Mac.Isabelle Rodriguez is called Bella.Brittany Schumacher is called Britt.Ashley Taylor is called Spud b

40、ecause she eats a lot of potatoes.Sarah White doesnt have a nickname.INDEXAAdam 13Adams 13Amanda 7,20,23Andrew 7,20,22Archer 15Armstrong 7,16,17,22Ashley 20BBaker 7,17,23Barnes 14Bevan 13Bird 16Blake 21Bollea 19Bowman 15Brian 12,19Brittany 7,14,20,23Brooke 21Brooks 14Brown 16Bull 16CCarpenter 11,18C

41、han 4,7,17,19,23Cher 19Cherilyn 19Christopher 7Clark 7,17,23Combs 19Cook 15Courtney 19Cruise 19DDaniel 7,22David 7,9,11,13,20,22Davidson 11Donald 12Dwight 19EEdmonds 19Eldrick 19Elton 19Emily 7,23Eric 13Ericson 13Estefan 19Evan 13Evans 13Evanson 13FFajardo 19Farmer 15Figueroa 7,13,17Fisher 7,17,23Fi

42、tzgerald 7,12,17Ford 14Fox 7,16,17,22Freeman 7,14,15,22GGarcia 7,13,17Gardener 7,11Gardner 17Gloria 19Goldberg 18,19Goldschmitt 7,17,23Gordon 19Gray 16Green 14HHaley 21Hall 14Harris 13Harrison 13,19Harry 13Henry 10Hill 7,11,17,23Hogan 19Holland 14Hunter 21IIsabelle 7,23JJack 9,11,12Jackie 19Jackson

43、7,11,12,17,19,23Jason 7Jennifer 7,23John 8,9,10,11,12,13Johnson 7,12,17,18,19,22Jones 13Jose 7,13Joshua 7KKareem 7Kawanna 7,23Kim 7,16,23Kong-Sang 4,19LLake 11,14Lamb 16Lane 14Logan 21Long 16Longfellow 7,17MMacdonald 7,12,17,23Mandy 23Marsh 14Marshall 19Mason 21Matthew 7McAdam 13Michael 7,20Micsza 1

44、8Miller 15Mills 14Moore 14Morgan 21OOBrian 7,12,17PParry 13Peacock 16Peter 13Peters 13Peterson 13Potter 15Prichard 13Probert 13RRebecca 7,23Reginald 19Richard 13Richards 13Richardson 13Ringo 19Ritchie 19Robbins 13Robert 7,13,20Roberts 13Robertson 13Robin 13Robinson 13Roderick 12Rodriguez 7,17,23SSam

45、antha 7,23Sarah 7,23Sarkisian 19Schumacher 7,17,23Shepherd 15Short 11,16Smith 15Stephanie 7,20,23TTanner 21Taylor 7,17,23Thomas 7Tom 12Tomkins 6,7,12,17Tommy 6,21Tracey 19Tyler 21WWatkins 13Watson 13Watt 13White 7,23Whitehead 16Wilkins 13Will 13William 7,10,13,22Williams 13Williamson 13Wilson 13Wood 7,17,22Woods 19YYamamura 7,13,17Young 16ZZimmerman 6,18Whats in a Name?Level S