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1、学校英语词形转换语法小结班级:学号:姓名:一、名词的复数(动词的第三人称单数形式)1、以s, x,ch,sh结尾的加es。boxboxes,watchwatches2以辅音加y结尾的去 y 变 i 力口 es。strawberry-strawberries,3、以 fe, f 结尾的,把 fe,f 变成 ve,加 s。knifeknives,wifewives,4、一般状 况力口 s。boy一boys,chairchairs5、特殊词 man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,peoplepeoplemouse一mice,二、动词变名词(直接加,以字母
2、”。结尾的加“r)teacher,worker,swimmer,driver一player一speaker一writer三、动词变单三规律1、大多数动词在词尾加“S在清辅音后发音为s,在浊辅音及元音后发音为。 如:stop stopssmake-makessrcad - rcadszplay-playsz2、以辅音字母加y结尾的,要先将“y变为i,然后在加“es读iz 如:flyflicsz; carrycarricszstudystudicsz;worryworries3、以 “s,x,ch,sh结尾的,在词尾加“es,发音为iz如:teach-teachesiz;4、以 “o结尾的动词,加
3、 “es,读如:gogoeszdodoesz5、还有一个特殊变化需要我们特殊记住:have的单三形式为has四、学校英语动词的现在分词变化规那么1 . 一般在词尾加 “ing helphelping2 .以不发音e结尾的词,先去e,再加“ing例如:Iiveliving3以ie结尾的动 词,先将ie变为y,再加ing。例如:lielying4.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母,然后 再力U ingo 例如:beginbcginningcutcutting五、学校英语动词的过去式变化规那么1 . 一般在词尾加 “ed helphelped2 .以不发音e结尾的词加d
4、 livelived3 .以“元音字母+y结尾时,加“ed;以“辅音字母+ y结尾时,变y为 i,再力口 cd playplayedstudystudied4 .以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母,然 后再加 cdo stopstopped5、不规那么动词过去式变化表fallfcllfeedfedfcclfcltfindfbundflyflcwfbrgctfbrgotgetgotgowenthave,hashadhearheardholdhcldkeepkeptknowknewIcarnlcarnt,learnedIcavclcftletletmakemademay
5、mightmeanmeantmeetmetmustmustputputreadreadri deroderingrangrunransaysaidam ,is was arewere beginbegan breakbroke bringbrought buildbuilt buybought cancould ecame dodid drawdrew drinkdrankcatchcaughtdrivedrove eatateseesaw sellsold shallshould shoeshoeed singsang sit sat sleepslept speakspoke stands
6、tood swimswamtaketookteachtaught telltoldthinkthought throvvthrewunderstandunderstoodwinwonwritewrote六、形容词比拟级,最高级变化规律1.比拟级直接在原级后加cr,最高级加cst 例如 talltallertallesthighhigherhighest2 .形容词后面以不发音的e结尾的,变比拟级,直接加r,最高级直接加 stfinefinerfinest,nicenicernicest3 .形容词后面是以辅音字母+y结尾,把y改成i,再加er变比拟级,变最高级是 把v改成i,再加cst,hea
7、vyheavierheavist4 .以重读闭音节结尾的形容词,(最终是一个元音字母+辅音字母结尾的形容词), 变比拟级,双写最终辅音字母,再加er,变最高级双写最终辅音字母,再加est. bigbiggerbiggest七、学校英语常见同音词no-know see-seahi-high I-eye for-fourson一sunour一hourhere-hcartwo-toothcrc-theirright-write八、学校英语常见近义词listen -hcarclass -Icssonglad -happy like -lovclook -scclittlc -smallstart -
8、beginlearn-studyusual ly -often九、学校英语常见反义词big (大的)small (小的)bad (坏的)good (好的)black (黑的)white (白的) cold (冷的)hot (热的)cool (凉快的)warm (暖和的)e (来)go (去)cry (哭)laugh (笑)different (不同的)same (相同的)dirty (脏的)clean (洁 净的)day (白天)night (夜晚)early (早的)late (迟的)fast (快的)slow (慢 的)happy (快乐的)sad (哀痛的)inside (里面的)out
9、side (外面的)in (里面)out (外面)left (左)right (右)new (新的)old (旧的)open (开)close (关)quick (快的)slow (慢的)stand (站)sit (坐)short (矮的)tall (高的)short (短的)long (长的)thick (厚的)thin (薄的)thin (瘦的)fat (肥的)up (向上)down (向下)wrong (错的)right (对的)weak (弱的)strong (强壮的) young (年轻的)old (年老的)十、单词基数词变序数词规律1、一、二、三,单独记;八去t,九除e, ve要用f替,整十基数变序数,先把ty 变成tie;要是遇到两位数,十位基数个位序,th最终加上去。2、onef first, twf second, three_*third 这三个词变化特殊,要单独记;eightf eighth, nine-*ninth,八去 3 九去 e 后再加 th;fivefifth, twelvetwelfth (五、 十二把 ve 换成 f 再加 th);twentyf twentieth, thirty-thirtieth.整十先把词尾 y 改 为ic再加th。两位数时那么十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,twenty first o