(32)--操纵习题航海英语.ppt

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1、Unit 4 Ship Maneuver单元4 船舶操纵Analysis of Typical Exercises 典型习题解析典型习题解析 Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 1.A vessel is equipped with a single right-handed screw.With rudder amidships and calm wind,the vessel will most likely back _.A.straight astern B.to port C.to starboard D.in no p

2、articular directionAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver船舶螺旋桨船舶螺旋桨Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver伴流横向力伴流横向力沉深横向力沉深横向力排出流横向力排出流横向力推力中心偏位推力中心偏位螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver伴流横向力伴流横向力（条件：有进速）（条件：有进速）沉深横向力沉深横向力（条件：沉深比）（条件：沉深比）

3、排出流横向力排出流横向力（条件：静止或后退倒车）条件：静止或后退倒车）推力中心偏位推力中心偏位（条件：前进中）（条件：前进中）螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用横向力产生的条件横向力产生的条件Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver沉深横向力沉深横向力排出流横向力排出流横向力螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用船舶静止中倒车船舶静止中倒车Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车进车：顺时针右旋车进车：顺时针右旋车倒车：逆时针右旋车倒

4、车：逆时针螺旋桨沉深横向力螺旋桨沉深横向力（Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship ManeuverF1F1F2F2螺旋桨沉深横向力螺旋桨沉深横向力（Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)右旋车倒车右旋车倒车Analysis of Typical Exerci

5、sesUnit 4 Ship ManeuverF1F1F2F2气气 泡泡 区区螺旋桨沉深横向力螺旋桨沉深横向力（Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)右旋车倒车右旋车倒车F2F1F2F1Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver螺旋桨沉深横向力螺旋桨沉深横向力（Transverse Force of Propeller Submergence)Transverse Force of Propeller Subm

6、ergence)气气 泡泡 区区沉深横向力沉深横向力F F右旋车倒车右旋车倒车F=F2+F1F=F2+F1Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver排出流横向力排出流横向力（Transverse Force of Discharge Flow)Transverse Force of Discharge Flow)排出流排出流吸入流吸入流图：螺旋桨的吸入流与排出流图：螺旋桨的吸入流与排出流Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver排出流横向力排出流横向力（Transverse Forc

7、e of Discharge Flow)Transverse Force of Discharge Flow)排排出出流流排排出出流流排出流横向力排出流横向力右旋车右旋车静止中倒车后退静止中倒车后退Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver排出流横向力排出流横向力沉深横向力沉深横向力右旋车右旋车静止中倒车后退静止中倒车后退1 1Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车右旋车静止中倒车后退静止中倒车后退1 12 2Analysis of Typical ExercisesUni

8、t 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车右旋车静止中倒车后退静止中倒车后退1 13 32 2Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车右旋车静止中倒车后退静止中倒车后退1 13 32 24 4Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 1.A vessel is equipped with a single right-handed screw.With rudder amidships and calm wind,the vessel will most likely bac

9、k _.A.straight astern B.to port C.to starboard D.in no particular directionAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 2.It is easier to dock a right handed,single screw vessel _to the wharf.A.starboard sideB.either side C.port side D.sternAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船

10、左舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver倒车：沉深横向力、排出流横向力倒车：沉深横向力、排出流横向力推尾向左推尾向左右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船左舷靠泊示意图Analysis of Typical Exer

11、cisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船右舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船右舷靠泊示意图Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船右舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船右舷靠泊示意图倒车：沉深横向力、排出流横向力倒车：沉深横向力、排出流横向力推尾向左推尾向左Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船右舷靠泊示意图右旋单桨船右舷靠泊示意图Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋单桨船右舷靠泊要领：右旋单桨船右

12、舷靠泊要领：1.1.靠拢角度要小；靠拢角度要小；2.2.抵泊余速控制要小；抵泊余速控制要小；3.3.切忌倒车过多。切忌倒车过多。必要时，可抛左锚控制余速。必要时，可抛左锚控制余速。Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 2.It is easier to dock a right hand,single screw vessel _to the wharf.A.starboard sideB.either side C.port side D.sternAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship

13、Maneuver 3.Your ship is dead in the water with the rudder amidships.As the right-handed screw starts to turn ahead，the bow will tend to go _.A.to starboard B.to port C.straight ahead D.as influenced by the tide and seaAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver伴流横向力伴流横向力（条件：有进速）（条件：有进速）沉深横向力沉深

14、横向力（条件：沉深比）（条件：沉深比）排出流横向力排出流横向力（条件：静止或后退倒车）条件：静止或后退倒车）推力中心偏位推力中心偏位（条件：前进中）（条件：前进中）螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用横向力产生的条件横向力产生的条件Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver沉深横向力沉深横向力（条件：沉深比）（条件：沉深比）排出流横向力排出流横向力（条件：静止或后退倒车）条件：静止或后退倒车）螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4

15、Ship Maneuver沉深横向力沉深横向力螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨螺旋桨致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用致偏作用船舶静止中正舵进车船舶静止中正舵进车Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver气气 泡泡 区区右旋车右旋车静止中正舵进车静止中正舵进车Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver气气 泡泡 区区沉深横向力沉深横向力右旋车右旋车静止中正舵进车静止中正舵进车Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车右旋车静止中正舵进车静止中正舵

16、进车沉深横向力沉深横向力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车右旋车静止中正舵进车静止中正舵进车沉深横向力沉深横向力水阻力水阻力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver右旋车右旋车静止中正舵进车静止中正舵进车船头向左偏转船头向左偏转沉深横向力沉深横向力水阻力水阻力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 3.Your ship is dead in the water with the rudder amidshi

17、ps.As the right-handed screw starts to turn ahead，the bow will tend to go _.A.to starboard B.to port C.straight ahead D.as influenced by the tide and seaAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 4.Most of your vessels superstructure is forward.How will the vessel lie when drifting with no wa

18、y on?A.with the wind from ahead （正前方正前方来来风）B.with the wind off the port beam（左正（左正横横受受风）C.with the wind off the starboard beam （右正（右正横横受受风）4.Most of your vessels superstructure is forward.How will the vessel lie when drifting with no way on?A.with the wind from ahead （正前方来风）（正前方来风）B.with the wind of

19、f the port beam （左正横受风）（左正横受风）C.with the wind off the starboard beam （右正横受风）（右正横受风）D.with the wind from abaft the beam （正横后受风）（正横后受风）Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风风力风力Analysis of Typical Exerc

20、isesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风流流风力风力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风风力风力水阻力水阻力流流Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风风力风力水阻力水阻力流流Analysi

21、s of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力漂移漂移Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来 船首受风面积大船首受风面积大Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver1.1.风自正横以前来风自正横以前来 船首受风面积大船首受风面积大风风风力风力水阻力水阻力流流漂移漂移Analysis of Typical Exerci

22、sesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver2.2.风自正横以后来风自正横以后来风风Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver2.2.风自正横以后来风自正横以后来风风风力风力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver2.2.风自正横以后来风自正横以后来风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver2.2.风自正横以后来风自正横以后来风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力Analysis of Typical Ex

23、ercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver2.2.风自正横以后来风自正横以后来风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力漂移漂移Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver2.2.风自正横以后来风自正横以后来 船首受风面积大船首受风面积大风风流流风力风力水阻力水阻力漂移漂移Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 4.Most of your vessels superstructure is forward.How will the vessel lie when drifting

24、with no way on?A.with the wind from ahead （正前方正前方来来风）B.with the wind off the port beam（左正（左正横横受受风）C.with the wind off the starboard beam （右正（右正横横受受风）4.Most of your vessels superstructure is forward.How will the vessel lie when drifting with no way on?A.with the wind from ahead （正前方来风）（正前方来风）B.with t

25、he wind off the port beam （左正横受风）（左正横受风）C.with the wind off the starboard beam （右正横受风）（右正横受风）D.with the wind from abaft the beam （正横后受风）（正横后受风）Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver 5.How do you determine the weight of the vessel that is supported by the ground when a vessel has run agrou

26、nd?A.This requires extensive calculation,and is usually performed only by a naval architect not by a ships officer B.Determine the point where aground and the draft at that point,then calculate it using the grounding formula C.Use the hydrostatic tables and enter with the mean draft before grounding

27、 and the mean draft after grounding D.Use the inclining experiment formula and substitute the change of trim for the angle of listAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver重力重力G G浮力浮力B B重力重力G=G=浮力浮力B=B=排水量排水量B B吃水吃水d dAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver重力重力G G浮力浮力B1B1吃水吃水d1d1吃水吃

28、水d d海底支撑力海底支撑力S S重力重力G=G=浮力浮力B1+B1+支撑力支撑力S SAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver重力重力G G浮力浮力B1B1吃水吃水d1d1吃水吃水d d海底支撑力海底支撑力S S支撑力支撑力S=S=排水量排水量D-D1 D-D1 Analysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver型型吃水吃水（m m）排水量排水量（t t）每厘米吃水吨数每厘米吃水吨数（t/cmt/cm）每厘米每厘米纵倾力矩纵倾力矩（9.819.81knknm/cm/c）稳心距稳心距基线高

29、基线高（m m）浮心距中浮心距中距离距离（m m）漂心距漂心距中距离中距离（m m）型型吃水吃水（m m）海水海水淡水淡水海水海水淡水淡水9.29.29.09.08.88.88.68.68.48.48.28.28.08.07.87.87.67.67.47.47.27.27.07.06.86.86.66.66.46.46.26.26.06.05.85.85.65.65.45.45.25.25.05.04.84.84.64.64.44.44.24.24.04.03.83.83.63.63.43.43.23.23.03.021,60921,60921,08221,08220,55920,55920,

30、04120,04119,52219,52219,00119,00118,48118,48117,97717,97717,47317,47316,96516,96516,44916,44915,94515,94515,45915,45914,96914,96914,47914,47913,99013,99013,50313,50313,02113,02112,53812,53812,05712,05711,57811,57811,10011,10010,62510,62510,15010,150 9,678 9,678 9,207 9,207 8,737 8,737 8,270 8,270 7,

31、803 7,803 7,338 7,338 6,875 6,875 6,411 6,41121,08221,08220,56820,56820,05820,05819,55219,55219,07519,07518,53818,53818,03018,03017,53917,53917,04717,04716,55116,55116,04816,04815,55615,55615,08215,08214,60414,60414,12614,12613,64913,64913,17413,17412,70312,70312,23212,23211,76311,76311,29611,29610,

32、82910,82910,36610,366 9,902 9,902 9,442 9,442 8,982 8,982 8,524 8,524 8,068 8,068 7,613 7,613 7,159 7,159 6,707 6,707 6,255 6,25526.4226.4226.2526.2526.0926.0925.9325.9325.7625.7625.5825.5825.4225.4225.2925.2925.1525.1525.0125.0124.8724.8724.7324.7324.6224.6224.5024.5024.3624.3624.2424.2424.1424.142

33、4.0524.0523.9623.9623.8823.8823.8123.8123.7323.7323.6623.6623.6023.6023.5423.5423.4823.4823.4123.4123.3423.3423.2623.2623.1823.1823.1023.1023.0023.0025.7825.7825.6125.6125.4525.4525.3025.3025.1425.1424.9624.9624.8024.8024.6724.6724.5424.5424.4024.4024.2624.2624.1324.1324.0224.0223.9023.9023.7723.772

34、3.6523.6523.5523.5523.4623.4623.3823.3823.3023.3023.2323.2323.1523.1523.0923.0923.0323.0322.9722.9722.9122.9122.8422.8422.7722.7722.6922.6922.6122.6122.5322.5322.4422.44232.68232.68229.03229.03226.00226.00222.88222.88219.51219.51215.51215.51212.36212.36209.94209.94207.46207.46204.91204.91202.15202.1

35、5199.26199.26197.45197.45195.18195.18192.23192.23189.96189.96188.16188.16186.55186.55185.05185.05183.62183.62182.28182.28181.06181.06179.96179.96178.96178.96178.01178.01177.00177.00175.90175.90174.65174.65173.35173.35172.01172.01170.63170.63169.22169.22 9.0429.042 8.989 8.989 8.747 8.747 8.723 8.723

36、 8.716 8.716 8.722 8.722 8.744 8.744 8.746 8.746 8.757 8.757 8.778 8.778 8.783 8.783 8.791 8.791 8.852 8.852 8.892 8.892 8.936 8.936 8.976 8.976 9.036 9.036 9.143 9.143 9.234 9.234 9.358 9.358 9.495 9.495 9.617 9.617 9.808 9.80810.02310.02310.28410.28410.52310.52310.74210.74211.19011.19011.68311.683

37、12.13612.13612.55812.55812.95312.9530.8190.8190.8940.8940.9820.9821.0611.0611.1641.1641.2671.2671.3521.3521.3911.3911.4361.4361.4661.4661.5001.5001.5411.5411.5971.5971.6561.6561.7141.7141.7731.7731.8281.8281.8791.8791.9311.9311.9831.9832.0372.0372.0802.0802.0952.0952.1152.1152.1382.1382.1662.1662.14

38、42.1441.9021.9021.9441.9442.0152.0152.0622.062 2.121 2.121 2.945 2.945 2.738 2.738 2.532 2.532 2.287 2.287 2.042 2.042 1.796 1.796 1.551 1.551 1.312 1.312 1.073 1.073 0.834 0.834 0.595 0.595 0.357 0.357 0.138 0.138 0.115 0.115 0.366 0.366 0.620 0.620 0.838 0.838 1.003 1.003 1.178 1.178 1.312 1.312 1

39、.455 1.455 1.607 1.607 1.720 1.720 1.838 1.838 1.961 1.961 2.069 2.069 2.158 2.158 2.183 2.183 2.218 2.218 2.264 2.264 2.251 2.251 2.253 2.2539.29.29.09.08.88.88.68.68.48.48.28.28.08.07.87.87.67.67.47.47.27.27.07.06.86.86.66.66.46.46.26.26.06.05.85.85.65.65.45.45.25.25.05.04.84.84.64.64.44.44.24.24.

40、04.03.83.83.63.63.43.43.23.23.03.0船舶静船舶静水力表水力表HydrostaticHydrostatic TableTableAnalysis of Typical ExercisesUnit 4 Ship Maneuver型型吃水吃水（m m）排水量排水量（t t）每厘米吃水吨数每厘米吃水吨数（t/cmt/cm）每厘米每厘米纵倾力矩纵倾力矩（9.819.81knknm/cm/c）稳心距稳心距基线高基线高（m m）浮心距中浮心距中距离距离（m m）漂心距漂心距中距离中距离（m m）型型吃水吃水（m m）海水海水淡水淡水海水海水淡水淡水9.29.29.09.08.

41、88.88.68.68.48.48.28.28.08.07.87.87.67.67.47.47.27.27.07.06.86.86.66.66.46.46.26.26.06.05.85.85.65.65.45.45.25.25.05.04.84.84.64.64.44.44.24.24.04.03.83.83.63.63.43.43.23.23.03.021,60921,60921,08221,08220,55920,55920,04120,04119,52219,52219,00119,00118,48118,48117,97717,97717,47317,47316,96516,96516

42、,44916,44915,94515,94515,45915,45914,96914,96914,47914,47913,99013,99013,50313,50313,02113,02112,53812,53812,05712,05711,57811,57811,10011,10010,62510,62510,15010,150 9,678 9,678 9,207 9,207 8,737 8,737 8,270 8,270 7,803 7,803 7,338 7,338 6,875 6,875 6,411 6,41121,08221,08220,56820,56820,05820,05819

43、,55219,55219,07519,07518,53818,53818,03018,03017,53917,53917,04717,04716,55116,55116,04816,04815,55615,55615,08215,08214,60414,60414,12614,12613,64913,64913,17413,17412,70312,70312,23212,23211,76311,76311,29611,29610,82910,82910,36610,366 9,902 9,902 9,442 9,442 8,982 8,982 8,524 8,524 8,068 8,068 7

44、,613 7,613 7,159 7,159 6,707 6,707 6,255 6,25526.4226.4226.2526.2526.0926.0925.9325.9325.7625.7625.5825.5825.4225.4225.2925.2925.1525.1525.0125.0124.8724.8724.7324.7324.6224.6224.5024.5024.3624.3624.2424.2424.1424.1424.0524.0523.9623.9623.8823.8823.8123.8123.7323.7323.6623.6623.6023.6023.5423.5423.4

45、823.4823.4123.4123.3423.3423.2623.2623.1823.1823.1023.1023.0023.0025.7825.7825.6125.6125.4525.4525.3025.3025.1425.1424.9624.9624.8024.8024.6724.6724.5424.5424.4024.4024.2624.2624.1324.1324.0224.0223.9023.9023.7723.7723.6523.6523.5523.5523.4623.4623.3823.3823.3023.3023.2323.2323.1523.1523.0923.0923.0

46、323.0322.9722.9722.9122.9122.8422.8422.7722.7722.6922.6922.6122.6122.5322.5322.4422.44232.68232.68229.03229.03226.00226.00222.88222.88219.51219.51215.51215.51212.36212.36209.94209.94207.46207.46204.91204.91202.15202.15199.26199.26197.45197.45195.18195.18192.23192.23189.96189.96188.16188.16186.55186.

47、55185.05185.05183.62183.62182.28182.28181.06181.06179.96179.96178.96178.96178.01178.01177.00177.00175.90175.90174.65174.65173.35173.35172.01172.01170.63170.63169.22169.22 9.0429.042 8.989 8.989 8.747 8.747 8.723 8.723 8.716 8.716 8.722 8.722 8.744 8.744 8.746 8.746 8.757 8.757 8.778 8.778 8.783 8.78

48、3 8.791 8.791 8.852 8.852 8.892 8.892 8.936 8.936 8.976 8.976 9.036 9.036 9.143 9.143 9.234 9.234 9.358 9.358 9.495 9.495 9.617 9.617 9.808 9.80810.02310.02310.28410.28410.52310.52310.74210.74211.19011.19011.68311.68312.13612.13612.55812.55812.95312.9530.8190.8190.8940.8940.9820.9821.0611.0611.1641.

49、1641.2671.2671.3521.3521.3911.3911.4361.4361.4661.4661.5001.5001.5411.5411.5971.5971.6561.6561.7141.7141.7731.7731.8281.8281.8791.8791.9311.9311.9831.9832.0372.0372.0802.0802.0952.0952.1152.1152.1382.1382.1662.1662.1442.1441.9021.9021.9441.9442.0152.0152.0622.062 2.121 2.121 2.945 2.945 2.738 2.738

50、2.532 2.532 2.287 2.287 2.042 2.042 1.796 1.796 1.551 1.551 1.312 1.312 1.073 1.073 0.834 0.834 0.595 0.595 0.357 0.357 0.138 0.138 0.115 0.115 0.366 0.366 0.620 0.620 0.838 0.838 1.003 1.003 1.178 1.178 1.312 1.312 1.455 1.455 1.607 1.607 1.720 1.720 1.838 1.838 1.961 1.961 2.069 2.069 2.158 2.158