高考英语二轮复习专题-语法填空(新高考).docx

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1、专题20 语法填空I、2021年高考真题 （2021全国甲卷语法填空）The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It _1_ (build) originally to protect the city _2_ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible _3_ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We acce

2、ssed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After _4_ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what _5_ (good) than to ride

3、 on a piece of history!We _6_ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky _7_ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all _8_ way around the Xian City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and _9_ (watchtower) t

4、o fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _10_ (day) routines.【答案】1. was built 2. in/during 3. to walk 4. spending 5. better 6. hired 7. but 8. the 9. watchtowers 10. daily【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。1.考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应

5、用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。2.考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during。故填in/during。3.考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。4.考

6、查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。5.考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。6.考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hi

7、red。7.考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。8.考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。9.考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。

8、故填watchtowers。10.考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。（2021全国乙卷语法填空）Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become _1

9、_ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _2_(develop)of the local areas. Ecotourism has _3_(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a tr

10、avel concept _4_ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to _5_ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types _6_ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the fol

11、lowing principles:Minimize the impact of _7_(visit)the place. Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. Provide _8_(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National P

12、ark, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity._9_(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim _10_(have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】1. educated 2. development 3. its 4. until 5. the 6. of 7. visiting

13、 8. financial 9. Activities 10. to have【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。1.考查非谓语动词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，educate与traveler之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，故填educated。2.考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区无论是地理环境

14、还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。3.考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。4.考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到才”使用固定句型“notuntil”。故填until。5.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越

15、受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。6.考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。7.考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词

16、of的宾语。故填visiting。8.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。9.考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填Activities。10考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。（2021新高考I卷语法填空）

17、Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song“The Long and Winding Road”. _1_is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _2_ (human) are.The hot spring at the foot of

18、the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will _3_(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the _4_ (hot) the spring! Strange, isnt it? But thats how nature is always leaving us _5_(astonish).What comes next is th

19、e endless series of steps. You cant help wondering how hard it _6_ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _7_offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _8_ (ache) l

20、egs.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitors memory. It sure does in _9_(I).While youre in China, Mount Huangshan is _10_ must to visit!【答案】1. What 2. humans 3. undoubtedly 4. hotter 5. astonished 6. was 7. and 8. aching 9. mine 10

21、. a【解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物云海，温泉以及台阶。1.考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。2.考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。3.考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。4.考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，

22、温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越，越”。故填hotter。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：但大自然就是这样总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾非谓语动词。故填astonished。6.考查一般过去时。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it 61 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式

23、，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。7.考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，故用并列连词and。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用现在分词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故

24、填aching。9.考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitors memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。10考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。（2021浙江卷语法填空）It do

25、esnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Potomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, _1_ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincolns home for 17 years. In 1844 t

26、hey bought it _2_ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their _3_ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much _4_ （small）than it is today. Marys niece wrote, The little home _5_ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and h

27、er house was a reflection of _6_ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, _7_ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Marys sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came

28、 over _8_ （plant）flowers in the front yard. _9_ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _10_ （sell）most of thei

29、r furniture.【答案】1. has proved/has proven 2. for 3. marriage 4. smaller 5. was painted 6. herself 7. neither 8. to plant 9. The 10. sold【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。1.考查动词时态。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincolns h

30、ome in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。2.考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的

31、价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以价格买某物”。故填for。3.考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。4.考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成

32、时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。5.考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是pa

33、inted。故填was painted。6.考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。7.考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neithernor”，意为“既不也不”。故填neither。8.考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝托德华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to pla

34、nt。故填to plant。9.考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。10.考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。II、2021年高考模拟试题 （2021诸暨市5月模拟语

35、法填空）If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are _1_ youll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. These are all examples of single-use plastic products, which is _2_ hot topic based on both environmental and he

36、alth concerns.Its certainly not realistic _3_ (remove) all plastic from your life, but some statistics may encourage you to reduce your single-use plastic footprints.The popularity of plastic, which _4_ (begin) rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control18.2 trillion pounds of plastic has been pr

37、oduced. And there is no sign of slowing down. Scientists say that another 26.5 trillion pounds will be produced worldwide _5_ 2050.Every piece of plastic _6_ (create) will remain in the environment in some form, but if you conveniently throw it out, wind and run-off carry the waste down the sewer(污水

38、管) and directly to the ocean, _7_ (affect) the marine life including the fish, a main source of food for _8_ (human).So focused _9_ (be) the society on making peoples life more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health. Worried ab

39、out _10_ (globe) warming? You should be.【答案】1. that 2. a 3. to remove 4. began 5. by 6. created 7. affecting 8. humans 9. is 10. global【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料生产超出控制以及塑料对环境造成了广泛影响的问题。1.考查固定句型。句意：如果你看看你的厨房或办公室，很有可能你会注意到你周围都是塑料水瓶、外卖杯、塑料购物袋和食品包装袋。结合句意表示“很有可能”句型为chances are that。故填that。2.考查冠词。句意：这些都是一次性塑料产

40、品的例子，这是一个基于环境和健康问题的热门话题。topic为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且hot是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：把所有的塑料从你的生活中去除当然不现实，但一些统计数据可能鼓励你减少一次性塑料足迹。此处为句型“it be adj. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to remove。4.考查动词时态。句意：从20世纪50年代开始，塑料越来越受欢迎，但现在已经超出了控制人们生产了18.2万亿磅塑料。根据后文“in the 1950s”可知应用一般过去时。故填began。5.考查介词。句意：科学家们表示，到20

41、50年，全球将再生产26.5万亿磅。此处表示“到之前”应用介词by，故填by。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语plastic构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填created。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。分析句子结构可知

42、affect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与上文句子构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填affecting。8.考查名词数。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。human为可数名词，此处表示“人类”应用复数形式。故填humans。9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：所以社会关注的是使人们的生活更方便在短期内，但从长远来看，这些日常便利是以我们的健康为代价的。根据后文“those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our

43、 health”可知应用一般现在时，此处为部分倒装，主语为the society，谓语动词用单数。故填is。10.考查形容词。句意：担心全球变暖吗？空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词warming。结合句意表示“全球变暖”可知短语为global warming。故填global。（2021成都三诊语法填空）It seems that people in western countries are becoming increasingly_1_(worry) about the side effects of drugs, and are turning to various _2_ (treat

44、ment) such as yoga, reflexology and acupuncture (针灸) to complement, or sometimes even replace, western medicine. _3_event in my life three or four years ago made me examine my own attitudes towards alternative medicine. After _4_ (suffer) from insomnia (失眠) for a few months, I was feeling mentally a

45、nd physically exhausted. My friend Tony, who_5_ (study) acupuncture at a college near London at the time, suggested that I visit an acupuncturist. Since I had a fear of needles, I was _6_(willing) to take his advice. But by this time I was so tired that I was prepared to try almost anything. I made

46、an _7_(appoint) with the acupuncturist in my area and turned up at his room the following morning. After taking my pulse, looking at my tongue, and asking a few questions _8_my diet and lifestyle, the acupuncturist correctly reasoned that I was worn-out. I found this extremely impressive since he ha

47、dnt asked me _9_ I had come to see him. He then inserted a needle in my right foot between my first and second toe, and, despite my anxiety, I fell asleep _10_ (immediate). At the time I considered the whole experience to be close to a miracle.【答案】1. worried 2. treatments 3. An 4. suffering 5. was studying 6. unwilling 7. appointment 8. about 9. why 10. immediate