内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市2022届高三英语第一次质量数据监测一模试题.docx

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1、内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市2022届高三英语第一次质量数据监测（一模）试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、座位号涂写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。3.考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AHow cool can libraries be in an era(时代) of iPod

2、s and Kindles? More than you think. Only if you know where to go.Central Library: Seattle, Washington, United StatesThe Central Library in Seattle is modern and fashionable and has tourists from around the world paying visits and taking tours. It was designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and Amer

3、ican designer Joshua PrinceRamus. Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening. The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolati cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.Trinity College Library: Dublin, IrelandThe

4、 Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It is the largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room, which contains more than 200,000 of the librarys oldest books. The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps(竖琴) in Ir

5、eland. Dating to the 15th century, the old harp is the model for the symbol of Ireland.Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United StatesAt first glance, it looks like a spaceship. Architect William Pereira, who helped design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Housto

6、n, Texas, designed the library in 1970. It has been featured in sci-fi films, short stories and novels. The library hosts “Dinner in the Library” which invites readers for cocktails, and also a special speech from distinguished authors.TU Delft Library: The NetherlandsThe library at the Delft Univer

7、sity of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862,000 books, 16,000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library. What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill. The roof covers 5,500

8、 square meters. And it has become one of the most striking and greenest structures in the area.21. In Central Library, you can.A. buy souvenirs B. drink cocktailsC. enjoy sci-fi films D. see the old harp.22. What makes Geisel Library different from the others is that.A. famous writers often deliver

9、speeches thereB. it has a roof of a grassy hillC. Queen Elizabeth I founded the libraryD. it is the largest single library in the world23. Which of the four libraries has the longest history?A. Central Library. B. Trinity College Library.C. Geisel Library. D. TU Delft Library.BI was doing some Chris

10、tmas shopping in a toy store and decided to look at Barbie dolls for my nieces. A nicely dressed little girl was excitedly looking through the Barbie dolls as well. As she was looking, a little boy came to the Pokemon toys. He was dressed neatly, but his clothes were obviously old. He was with his f

11、ather as well, and kept picking up the Pokemon video toys. Each time he picked one up and looked at his father, his father shook his head and said, “No.”The little girl had chosen her Barbie. However, she stopped and was watching them. Rather dejectedly, the boy had to give up the Pokemon toys and c

12、hoose something else. The little girl put her Barbie back on the shelf, and ran over to the Pokemon toys. She excitedly picked up one and raced towards the checkout. I picked up my purchases and got in line behind them. Then, much to the little girls delight, the little boy and his father got in lin

13、e behind me. After the toy was paid for and bagged, the little girl handed it back to the cashier and whispered something in her ear. The cashier smiled and put the package under the counter.I paid for my purchases and was rearranging things when the little boy came up to the cashier. The cashier ch

14、ecked his purchases and said, “Congratulations, you are my hundredth customer today, and you win a prize!” With that, she handed the little boy the Pokemon toys, and he could only stare in surprise. It was exactly what he had wanted!The little girl and her father had been standing at the doorway dur

15、ing all of this. Then they walked out. As I walked back to my car, I heard the father ask his daughter why she had done that. Ill never forget what she said to him. “Daddy, didnt Grandparents want me to buy something that would make me happy?” He said, “Of course they did, honey.” To which the littl

16、e girl replied, “Well, I just did!”I feel very shocked to have witnessed the true spirit of Christmas in that toy store, in the form of a little girl who understands more about the meaning of this festival than most adults I know.24. The underlined word “dejectedly” in the second paragraph probably

17、meansA. disappointedly B. delightedlyC. excitedly D. unexpectedly25. How did the little boy get the Pokemon toys?A. His father bought him the Poknemon toys.B. Fortunately, he was the hundredth customer and won the Poknemon toys.C. The little girl bought the Poknemon toys for him.D. The cashier felt

18、sympathy for the little boy and gave him the Poknemon toys.26. What did the little girl mean when saying “Daddy, didnt Grandparents want me to buy something that would make me happy?”A. Her Grandparents wanted her to be happy.B. The Poknemon toys made her happy.C. Making the little boy happy made he

19、r happy.D. Her Grandparents hoped that she could help others.27. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. the story happened before Christmas.B. The little boy had not enough money to buy the Poknemon toys.C. The author was deeply moved by the behavior of the little

20、girl.D. Although the little girl liked the Poknemon toys very much, she gave them to the boy.CFor generations, the standard way to learn how to ride a bicycle was with training wheels. But in recent years, many parents prefer to train their kids with balance bikes, two-wheelers that enable children

21、to develop the competence needed for bicycling.Given the benefits of balance bikes, why did it take so long for them to replace training wheels? There are plenty of other examples in which ignored solutions that involve subtraction(减法) turn out to be better alternatives. In some European cities, for

22、 example, urban planners have gotten rid of traffic lights and road signs to make streets safer.Leidy Klotz, an engineer at the University of Virginia, noticed that reformative designs, in which elements are removed from an existing model, were uncommon. So he reached out to Adams, a social psycholo

23、gist, to try to figure out why this was the case. The two researchers hypothesized(假设) that there might be an explanation: when faced with a problem, people tend to select solutions that involve adding new elements rather than taking existing components away.Adams, Klotz and their colleagues set out

24、 to test if their hypothesis was correct. The researchers first carried out a set of studies. In one, they asked 91 participants to make a pattern symmetrical(对称的) by either adding or removing colored boxes. Only 18 people used subtraction. In another, the team scanned through ideas for improvement

25、submitted to an incoming university president and found that only 11 percent of 651 project plans involved getting rid of an existing regulation, practice or program.These findings suggest that “additive solutions have sort of a priority”, says Benjamin Converse, a co-author of the study. “Subtracti

26、ve solutions are not necessarily harder to consider, but they take more effort to find.”For now the team hopes that these findings will encourage people across various fields to think about subtractive options that might be typically ignored. “The hope is that, just by getting people to think about

27、this more, maybe it will help inspire some other ignored subtractions,” Converse says.28. What is the purpose of paragraph 1?A. To present a problem. B. To introduce the topic.C. To give some examples. D. To put forward a concept.29. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. Balance bikes a

28、re not good for training kids.B. People used to learn riding bikes effortlessly.C. Parents now train kids to ride bikes pointedly.D. Some European cities ignore their governance.30. What does Converse say about subtractive solutions?A. They are superior to additive solutions.B. They are often harmfu

29、l for creativity.C. They are always overlooked by our brain.D. They are often preferred by conservatives.31. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. A New Way of ManagementB. A Trend of Avoiding RegulationsC. A New Concept of Problem-solvingD. A Study on Problemsolving Methods

30、DA new study suggests that long periods in space can cause the human heart to shrink(萎缩). The studyby a team of American researcherscomes as the U.S. makes plans to build a longterm base on the moon and prepares to send astronauts to Mars.Part of the study was based on the experiences of retired ast

31、ronaut Scott Kelly. The U. S. space agency NASA says that during his career, Kelly spent more time in space than any other American astronaut. One of Kellys stays aboard the International Space Station (ISS) lasted 340 days. Researchers from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UT So

32、uthwestern) in Dallas analyzed physical data collected during Scotts long stay aboard the ISS. The goal was to learn the effects of weightlessness on heart health and performance. The team found that during Kellys stay in space, the left ventricle(心房) of his heart shrank about 0.74 grams per week.Dr

33、. Benjamin Levine is a professor at UT Southwestern. He was the leader of the research. In a statement, he explained that because of the conditions in space, the heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood uphill from the feet. Over time, this can cause shrinkage. In an effort to keep their mu

34、scles and bodies healthy in space, astronauts are required to perform different kinds of exercises throughout their stay.Reductions in heart size are also seen in patients who spend long periods in bed because they are lying flat and the heart does not have to work as hard to pump. A second part of

35、the study examined data from a long-distance swimmer who spent nearly a year trying to cross the Pacific Ocean. The swimmer, Benoit Lecomte, was chosen because he swam more than 2,800 kilometer over 159 days. Levine says long-distance swimming has similar effects to weightlessness because water pres

36、sure works against the force of gravity. The study showed that during Lecomtes swim, his left heart ventricle shrank about 0.72 grams per week.32. How did the researchers carry out their study?A. By interviewing astronauts.B. By examining collected information.C. By experimenting aboard the ISS.D. B

37、y comparing people in different fields.33. What are astronauts asked to do to keep their hearts fit in space according to the text?A. Do various exercises. B. Stay in space for less time.C. Stand on their heads sometimes. D. Have more healthy food.34. Who is least likely to suffer from a shrunk hear

38、t according to the text?A. A patient who spends a long time in bed.B. A longdistance professional swimmer.C. An astronaut travelling in space for long.D. A runner who trains hard.35. What can be the best title for the text?A. U. S. Builds a Longterm Base in SpaceB. New Ways to Fight Heart DiseasesC.

39、 Long Spaceflights Can Shrink the HeartD. Longdistance Swimming Can Keep Your Heart Healthy第二节（共5小题；每题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ForgivenessCheap “blind box” plane tickets become a popular choice for travel.A promotion offering $15 plane tickets is being advertised by an onlin

40、e travel platform. While such a low price sounds amazing, there is just one rule. 36 . Labeled as a “destination blind box” on the site, tickets are bought through a rather simple booking procedure. Passengers provide their travel information, select a departure airport and then pay their money to b

41、ook the ticket. 37 . But once they “lock in” their tickets, theres no money going back.“Plane ticket blind box” is now a hot topic on the online platforms. Herry Fan, a marketing expert said, “I believe young people are a big target group for this promotion, because they not only enjoy the thrill of

42、 the unknown,but also like to show off their lives through these types of commercial activities. 38 . What matters is that it suggests that one has adventurous and life-loving qualities.Many netizens share the screen-shots(截图) of tickets they have drawn. 39 . Some others claim it is too rare to draw

43、 a ticket that is ideal.“If it wants to be a profitable activity, the release of the tickets must have been planned ahead and is not as random as it seems. 40 . The marketing campaign may also be aimed at the fast sale of some tickets from less popular airlines that were originally not that expensiv

44、e. If they sell a large quantity of tickets, the company may still earn a profit even though the price is low,” said an expert in tourism.A. It will not have popular airlinesB. It doesnt matter if they finally go or notC. The promotion has become a hot topic on social mediaD. The upcoming holiday is

45、 expected to be a major travel periodE. If the date and destination are unsuitable, users may ask for a refundF. Some even teach the booking procedure under the free canceling policyG. The purchaser is not told where the flight is heading or when it will take off第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；

46、每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Mary uses a walking stick. Benjamin recently learned how to walk. Mary is 99. Benjamin is 2. The neighbors may seem like 41 friends, but during the pandemic, they formed a unique 42 at the fence between their houses in Minneapo

47、lis.“Benjamin just turned 2 years old. Weve been 43 with Mary long before he was born,” Benjamins mom, Sarah Olson said. They didnt see Mary much, 44 last year when the COV1D-19 pandemic 45 and the family had to stay home, Mary was someone they could 46 outside.During the pandemic, the Olsons 47 pla

48、yed in their yard, and Mary would be in hers. Benjamin would 48 Mary when he saw her in the yard and they would play games. Theres a 97-year 49 gap, but Benjamin doesnt see it.“Shes just Mary, or Mimi,” Sarah said. “Were inside and hell go, Mimi? Mimi? and well go outside and 50 Mary. Then Mary will call out, Hey Benjamin! How 51 a scene it is!”For Mary, who was completely 52 during the pandemic, a friend was just what she needed. It see