2021学年向明中学高三第一学期期中考试高三年级英语试卷.pdf

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1、2021学年第一学期向明中学期中考试高三年级英语试卷（考试时间：120分钟，满 分 150分）命题人冯梅、瞿晔华审题人蔡婷婷I.Listening Comprehension（25%,第 1-10 题,每题 1 分；第 11-20 题,每题 1.5 分）Part A Short ConversationsDirections:In Part A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of eachconversation,a question will be asked about what

2、was said.The conversations and the questions willbe spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possibleanswers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.This afternoon.B.This morning.C.Tomorrow.D.Next week.2.A

3、.A waiter.B.A shop assistant.C.A cashier.D.A postman.3.A.11.4.A.At a cinema.B.3.B.At an airport.C.7.C.At a hotel.D.8.D.At a railway station.5.A.They had better not go out.C.Its too cold to walk in the snow.6.A.She asks the man to open the window.C.She doesnt want to open the window.7.A.Mom doesnt Hk

4、e wine.C.They are going to buy what they need.B.To get some yogurt is a good idea.D.He prefers milk to yogurt.B.It is cold inside.D.She prefers the fresh air.B.They?ve already got plenty of wine.D.Theyve got enough food fbr the party.8.A.The boy doesnt have to clean the screen of his computer.B.Ther

5、es not enough time for the boy to clean both.C.The desk is such a mess and needs cleaning.D.The boys mother will do the cleaning for him.9.A.Touched.B.Amused.C.Annoyed.D.Bored.10.A.They cant speak English.C.They are not familiar with his topic.B.The microphone doesnt work well.D.The speaker is speak

6、ing too fast.Part B Passages 2Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation.After eachpassage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passage and the conversations will beread twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a ques

7、tion,read the fourpossible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question youhave heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage,11.A.In the 1690s.B.In the 1860s.C.In the 1890s.D.In the 1960s.12.A.To be paid more than their male colleagues.B.To

8、be given the same chance to succeed.C.To win respect from their male colleagues.D.To get promoted more quickly than their male colleagues.13.A.Womens ability to do important jobs.B.How to have more freedom.第1页 共1 0页C.Concrete issues as well as attitudes and beliefs.D.How to contribute to the communi

9、ties.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage,14.A.To recall his own childhood.B.To help his children become more mature.C.To spoil them on purpose.D.To make up for his pity that he didnt have it in his childhood.15.A.They take possessions and support from their peers for granted.B

10、.They are responsible for building the life that their parents desire.C.They are willing to support their peers if necessary.D.They become more mature and responsible.16.A.To love and provide for children.B.To help children become kind and responsible.C.To help children get what they need.D.To help

11、children meet their goals.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A.He is confirming his flight reservation.B.He is booking a hotel for next week.C.He is making a reservation for a flight.D.He is changing his flight schedule.18.A.To cut losses.B.To save money.C.To have a w

12、indow seat D.To have the ticket mailed.19.A.On May 19th.B.On May 15ih.C.On May 20ih.D.On May 21sl.20.A.He saved about fifty dollars on the ticket.B.He will pick up the ticket by himself.C.He can get the ticket at three oclock.D.His seat is by the window.II.Grammar and Vocabulary(30%,第 21-30 题,每题 1 分

13、；第 31-40 题,每题 2 分)Section AThe Industrial Monopoly and Its DeclineUpon the completion of the Industrial Revolution by 1850 England became the workshop of theworld.The population went on increasing rapidly,if not as rapidly as before,reaching 41 million by1900.Big towns grow bigger.Production and exp

14、ort of both textiles and heavy industries reached newhigh levels.After the abolition of the corn law,other forms of protection_21(drop)one after another.For instance,the Navigation Acts and protective tariffs on hundreds of articles.By 1860 great Britainwas well on the road to free trade.Certainly,t

15、his was aggressive in character.While Britain opened herown ports to Free Trade,she demanded open ports in other countries_22 economic pressureand naval strength,thus_23(extend)foreign markets and increasing demands for Britishgoods.It was in the boom that collapsed in 1873 when there was great anxi

16、ous concern about bothmarkets and materials_24 Mid-Victorian prosperity reached its peak.The fact that there wasa retardation in the national rate of growth to below two percent per year was even harder to bear withthe growth rates of competitors such as America and Germany rising.第2页 共1 0页Arable an

17、d meat producing farmers felt the full weight of foreign competition between 1870 and1900.In industry,_ 25 there were new forms of power and a trend toward bigger plants,and26_(impersonal)organization,there was a similar situation.Britain was never as strong or asinnovatory in the age of steel_27 in

18、 the early age of iron.By 1896 British steel output wasless than_28 of either the United States or Germany and the textile industry was decliningabsolutely.With its former easy advantage in world markets_ 29(lose),both opinion andgovernment policy lost faith in the merits of free trade.During years

19、of economic challenge at home,capital exports greatly increased,until they reached a figure of almost 200000000 every year before1914,and investment income poured in to improve adverse balance(贸易逆差)on trade accounts.During the last 20 years of peace before 1914 when Britains role as rentier was at i

20、ts height,international prices rose again,continuing to rise_ 30 after the end of World War I.Section BA.preciselyB.statisticalC.genderD.enrolledE.restriction F.spottedG.frankH.executeI.identifiedJ.confidenceK.dramaticallyFemale Grandmaster-Hou YifanEven by the standard of chess geniuses,Hou Yifan s

21、tood out.It wasnt so much the way sheplayed the game_31 with an aggressive but flexible style.It was that she was a girl.Thirteenyears after she became a Grandmaster,at the age of fourteen,people still mentioned two big hairpinsthat used to pin back her bobbed hair.I never felt_32 or limitations,she

22、 told me recentlyfrom her home in Shenzhen,China,where she is a professor at Shenzhen universitys Faculty ofPhysical Education.“My parents never told me that as a girl you should do this or that,“she said.Teachers nevershaped my views in that way.These days her hair falls to her shoulders and black

23、cat5s-eye glassesframe her face.She speaks English quickly and _ 33.She is the only woman among thehundred best chess players in the world.Chess is not like basketball or soccer.Men and women face one another on equal terms,and noone can tell the_34 of a player from the moves on a scorecard.Still,of

24、 the seventeenhundred and thirty-two Grandmasters in the world,just thirty-eight are women.Much of this gap stemsfrom how many women compete versus the number of men who do:around sixteen percent oftournament players are _35 as female and most of them are children.As a purely_36 matter,you would exp

25、ect few,if any,women at the extreme of the rankings.Still,thisappears to be an incomplete explanation of the inequality at the top of the game,about which Hou is_37.“You cannot deny it,you cannot pretend it doesn*t happen,“she told me,of the absenceof women from chess highest echelon(梯队).For years,s

26、he has been the only one who stood a chance.Hou was born in 1994 in Xinghua,a small city near Chinas coast.As a child she_ 38 a chessset in a shop window and liked the shapes of the pieces.When she was five,she started playing thegame with other kids at the home of a chess teacher and showed enough

27、talent that her parents_ 39 her a year early in the local school which had a chess program.She and her classmateswould consult a large chess dictionary and write out the first few moves of famous openings on a sheetof paper.Then they would set up their boards,dutifully_40 their copied instructions a

28、ndlaunch their wild attacks.She moved to Shandong with her mother and attended chess classes.Two years later,she joinedthe national team and won the girls under ten championship in 2003.In the next year,she finished boysunder ten tournament tied for first.第3页 共1 0页III.Reading Comprehension（45%,第 41-

29、55 题，每题 1 分；第 56-70 题，每题 2 分）Section AOrganizations and societies rely on fines and rewards to control peoples self-interest for the sakeof the common good.The_41 of a ticket keeps drivers in line,and the promise of a bonusinspires high performance.But incentives（刺激）can also_42,discouraging the very

30、 behaviortheyre meant to encourage.A generation ago,Richard Titmuss claimed that paying people to donate blood_43 thesupply.Economists were suspicious,pointing out a lack of experimental evidence.But since then,newdata and models have boosted a sea change in how economists think about incentives sho

31、wing,among other things,that Titmuss was right so often that businesses should_44.Experimental economists have found that offering to pay women for donating blood_45the number willing to donate by almost half,and that letting them contribute the payment to charity_46 the effect.Dozens of recent expe

32、riments show that rewarding self-interest with economicincentives can backfire when they_47 what Adam Smith called the moral sentiments（道德情操）The psychology is not understood by blackboard economists,but it will be no surprise topeople in business:When we take a job or buy a car,we are not only tryin

33、g to get stuff we are alsotrying to be a certain kind of person.People desire to be respected by others and to be seen as moraland_48.And they dont want to be taken for fools.Rewarding blood donations may backfirebecause it suggests that the donor is_49 interested in being selfless and helpful than

34、inmaking a dollar.Incentives also run into trouble when they signal that the employer mistrusts theemployee or is _50.Close supervision of workers coupled with pay for_51 istextbook economics and a prescription for making employees unhappy.Perhaps most important,incentives affect what our actions si

35、gnal,whether were beingself-interested or civic-minded,manipulated or trusted,and they can imply sometimes wrongly what motivates us.Fines or public criticism that_52 our moral sentiments by signaling socialdisapproval（think of littering）can be highly effective.But incentives go wrong when they_53or

36、 cut down our moral sensibilities.This does not mean its impossible to appeal to self-interested and moral motivations at the sametime-just that efforts to do so often fail._54,policies support socially valued ends notonly by controlling self-interest but also by encouraging public-spiritedness.The

37、small tax on plasticgrocery bags enacted in Ireland in 2002 that resulted in their virtual elimination appears to have hadsuch an effect.It punished offenders monetarily while conveying a _55 message.Carrying aplastic bag joined wearing a fur coat in the group of anti-social anachronisms（不合潮流的人或物）.4

38、1.A.causeB.threatC.expenseD.desire42.A.backfireB.fuelC.slideD.download43.A.stimulatedB.producedC.enhancedD.reduced44.A.tell apartB.close downC.set asideD.take note45.A.increasesB.expandsC.decreasesD.counts46.A.reversesB.strengthensC.createsD.ruins47.A.raiseB.requireC.destroyD.promote48.A.qualifiedB.

39、dignifiedC.satisfiedD.justified49.A.moreB.betterC.muchD.less50.A.greedyB.generousC.diligentD.impersonal51.A.employmentB.performanceC.spiritsD.job第4页 共1 0页52.A.fight againstB.combine withC.compare toD.appeal to53.A.offendB.evaluateC.disagreeD.process54.A.LuckilyB.VirtuallyC.EventuallyD.Ideally55.A.si

40、gnificantB.consciousC.moralD.sensibleSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage y

41、ou have just read.(A)Many people believe its possible to become immune to colds.Unfortunately,Dr.Ranit Mishori,of Georgetown University Hospital,says,thats not the case.4tThere are about 200 different virusesthat cause the common cold and people think that once you get infected one time you developi

42、mmunity for the rest of your life.This is wrong,“she said.There are many other common beliefs about colds that medical science does not support.Howmany of us believe the main cause of the common cold is exposure to cold temperatures?Even somestudies have shown that people get sick more frequently du

43、ring the winter.But Dr.Mishori says it isnot because of the cold weather.“Its because people tend to congregate and be together and the waythe common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshake,throughsneezing,or through coughing on one another.While there is no actual

44、cure for the common cold,Dr.Mishori says there are still a few thingsyou can do to help reduce its duration and intensity.Though the medical community says Vitamin Cdoes not help prevent colds,there is definitely some proof that it helps keep them from being as bad.In addition,medical science says h

45、oney and chicken soup are effective against colds.Especiallyhoney.Chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties so it helps reduce the duration of the cold but italso helps clear the mucus，Dr.Mishori said.There*s also a common belief that you should“feed a cold and starve a fever.Dr Mishorisays.not

46、necessarily.“If you do have a cold and you dont feel like eating anything its not going tohurt you but you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or tea anything that gets fluids into yourbody,she said.Thats very important.There are many other myths about colds that do not pass scientific muste

47、r.Doctors say thebest advice is to continue using whatever works best for you.Even if it doesnt make the cold better,itwont make it worse either-while you wait for the cold to just run its natural course.56.According to the common belief 4tfeed a cold and starve a fever”,people shouldwhen catching c

48、old.A.drink a lot to get fluids into their body B.have as much water and tea as possibleC.eat a lot even if they dont feel like eating D.starve themselves to a certain extent to kill the virus57.Medical experts find that people catch cold b e c a u s e.A.they fail to develop immunity B.they stay in

49、cold weatherC.they transmit the virus themselves D.they like to gather together58.In the last paragraph,the sentence“There are many other myths about colds that do not passscientific muster“means that many other myths regarding col ds.A.are not accepted as scientific B.are not convincing enoughC.do

50、not draw scientific conclusions D.are rejected by the public with a common sense59.What is the passage mainly about?第5页 共1 0页A.Ways to reduce duration and intensity of cold B.Scientific discoveries on the basis of mythsC.Effects of different food on overcoming cold D.The old myths and new facts conc