山西省朔州市怀仁市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、20222023学年第一学期怀仁一中高三年级期末考试英语（全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项:L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动、用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。4 .本卷主要考查内容：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题海小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

2、中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B.9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a telephone box. B. In a computer room. C. In a business hall.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A sports player. B. A football game. C. Thei

3、r favourite sports.3. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Bring a gift. B. Return something. C. Have dinner.4. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Forgive the food deliveryman.B. Place his order as early as possible.C. Give the food deliveryman a thumbs up （好评）.5. What is the probable rel

4、ationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Boss and secretary.C. Workmates.like carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars rivers and lakes. However, warm temperatures and abu

5、ndant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide, mitigatingthe greenhouse effect and cooling the planet back down again. Then the cycle would repeat.Kasting shared his theory with other astronomers at the December meeting of the American Geophysical Union

6、in San Francisco, and in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. So far, Kastings team has only shown that such an explanation is possible, according to climate models. But the researchers say field trips could help test the idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm events, and their du

7、rations.12. What made researchers believe that liquid water once existed on Mars?A. The geological features of Mars.B. The natural climate of Mars.C. The temperatures of the sun.D. The colour of the planet.13. What is Kastings theory based on?A. Large asteroids had no impact on Mars.B. Volcanic erup

8、tions were very frequent on MarsC. Deep valleys couldnt be formed in a short period of time.D. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen were abundant in the atmosphere.14. What does the underlined word “mitigating“ in paragraph 3 mean?A. Achieving.B. Reducing.C. Experiencing.D. Enhancing.15. Which is the most su

9、itable title for the text?A. Large Asteroid Impacts on the Red PlanetB. Liquid Water Existing on MarsC. Climate Cycles Could Have Carved Canyons on MarsD. Ancient River Valleys Have Been Found on Mars【答案】12.A13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。火星上曾经有液态水，这是怎么形成的呢？科学家们提出了新的理论。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“The sur

10、face of Mars is etched with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Some researchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet.（火星表面蚀亥ij着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地。一 些研究人员认为液态水曾经在这颗红色星球上流动）”可知，火星表面有着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地，这些地 质特征使得研究人员认为液态水曾经在火星上存在。故选A项。33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“But Kasting, a geologist at Penn State Unive

11、rsity, thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast canyons that exist on Mars.（但是宾夕法尼亚州立大学 的地质学家Kasting认为，这种突然事件打开的温暖窗口期太短暂了，无法蚀刻出火星上存在的巨大峡谷）” 可知，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的地质学家卡萨丁认这种突然事件打开的温暖窗口期太短暂了，无法形成火星 上存在的巨大峡谷。由此推知，卡萨丁的理论是建立在深谷不可能在短时间内形成的理论上的。故选C项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。 根据第

12、三段的 “warm temperatures and abundant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide.（温暖的温度和充足的水也会加速某些消耗二氧化碳的化学反应）”可 知，温暖的气候和充足的水也会加速某些化学反应，这样就消耗了二氧化碳。二氧化碳减少了就会减少温室 效应，从而使地球温度下降，故划线词与“减少；减弱”含义接近。故选B项。15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段 “They think Mars may have experienced a

13、series of climate cycles caused by changes in the strength of the greenhouse effect.（他们认为火星可能经历了一系列由温室效应强度变化引起 的气候周期。）”和第三段 uThe idea goes like this: When Mars was cold and frozen, volcanoes continued to belch out the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the

14、gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars rivers and lakes.（这个想法是这样的： 当 火星寒冷冻结时，火山继续向大气中喷射二氧化碳和氢气等温室气体。在那里，气层捕获热量并使行星升 温，直到液态水开始流动，形成了火星的河流和湖泊）”可知，文章介绍了科学家提出的关于火星上的河谷 和湖泊盆地形成原因的最新理论，研究指出可能是气候的变化周期造就了如今火星上可观测到的峡谷和河 床等地理特征，所以uClimate Cycles Could

15、Have Carved Canyons on Mars （气候周期可能在火星上雕刻了峡 谷）”是最佳标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题25分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Finding an apartment can be challenging for many people. However, it shouldnt be. 16 Then you can easily get an apartment suitable for you.Determine your budget properly.This st

16、ep is critical （极重耍的）.17 So lefs get this part right. In fact, the amount you should spend on rent should be no more than 30% of your income. Once youve determined the amount you can comfortably spend on rent, be careful not to go over that amount.18Do you want to be within walking distance to work?

17、 Do you want to be close to friends or family? Are restaurants and nightlife important to you? Theres a lot to consider. With these factors in mind, explore the neighbourhoods and choose one thats most suitable.Work with a real estate broker （房产经纪人）.Real estate brokers can help you find a good apart

18、ment. Ensure that youre working with one who has access to the apartments in the neighbourhood youre interested in.Go on tours.There5re some things you should be aware of as you go on apartment tours. Youll have many questions about the apartment, so write them down and find the answers during the t

19、ours. Besides, as you walk around, take plenty of pictures. Dont make the mistake of renting the first apartment you see! 19Make your decision.Armed with photos and notes from your tours, its time to sit down and decide. You can do this on your own or invite some friends to help you. 20 When you kno

20、w for sure which place you want, submit your application. A. Decide your desired location.B. Do related research in your neighbourhood.C. Try to tour at least two or three places so you can compare.D. You only need to know some important apartment hunting techniques.E. With friends9 suggestion, your

21、e likely to make the budget successfully.F. Its always good to have different views, and they might see something you overlooked.G. If you end up in a place you can hardly afford, youll suffer from the stress of making ends meet.【答案】16.D17. G 18. A 19. C 20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。城市中的很多人需要寻找公寓租住，通过科学的规划、

22、调查和分析，找到合适的 公寓是完全可能的。本文就此给出了几点建议。【16题详解】上文 “Finding an apartment can be challenging for many people. However, it shouldnt be.（对许多人来说， 找 套公寓可能是一件很困难的事。然而，这不应该。）”指出，在大家看来很困难的找公寓的事情不应该很难。 可推测下文作者将提出一些建议。选项 D u You only need to know some important apartment hunting techniques.（你只需要知道一些重要的找公寓技巧。）”指出，让找公寓

23、变得不困难，只需要一些技巧，与上文逻辑密切， 符合语境。故选D项。【17题详解】下文“Solet，sgetthispartright.（所以让我们把这部分做好。）”指出，我们要把某一件事情做好。选项G “If you end up in a place you can hardly afford, youll suffer from the stress of making ends meet.（如果你最终选择一 个你几乎负担不起的地方，你将承受维持收支平衡的压力。）”指出，选择担不起的地方，将造成维持收支 平衡的压力，这件事情是需要避免的，因此该选项与后文形成因果关系。故选G项。【18题详解

24、】下文 “Do you want to be within walking distance to work? Do you want to be close to friends or family? Are restaurants and nightlife important to you? Theres a lot to consider.（你想在步行距离内上班吗？你想和朋友或 家人亲近吗？餐厅和夜生活对你来说重要吗？有很多事情需要考虑。）”指出，在选择公寓是，要考虑其和 公司，父母家以及朋友家等地的距离，这说的是位置的选择。选项A Decide your desired locati

25、on.（决定你 想要的位置。）”也是笼统的指出要决定好公寓的位置，这符合语境，可作为小标题。故选A项。【19题详解】上文 “Dont make the mistake of renting the first apartment you see!（不要犯租你看到的第一套公寓这样的错 误！）”指出，指出不要租你看到的第一套公寓，言外之意就是应该多家对比。选项C Try to tour at least two or three places so you can compare.（尝试考察至少两个或三个地方，以便进行比较。）”进一步解释上文，要 对比两三个地方，因此与上文存在承接关系，符合语境。

26、故选C项。【20题详解】上文 “You can do this on your own or invite some friends to help you.（你可以自己做，也可以邀请一些朋友来 帮助你。）”指出，你可以邀请一些朋友来提出他们的建议。选项F always good to have different views, and they might see something you overlooked.（有不同的观点总是好的，他们可能会看到你忽略的东西。）”指 出，为什么要请朋友提建议的原因，与上文是因果关系，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共1

27、5小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As she approached 97, Gwen Erickson from Minnesota began raising one of Americas most popular, yet endangered, butterflies the Monarch. Last year the grandmother managed to raise 27 butterflies and this year the21 has gone up to 61.While some m

28、ight say that nature should be left to 22 itself, the butterflies9 population is 23rapidly and is in need of a little extra help. 24. that love and devotion is exactly what the 97-year-old is ableto provide for her little winged friends.The whole process is a little 25, beginning with collecting egg

29、s from the milkweed leaves that growin her backyard. Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living-room table, the caterpillar （毛毛虫） appeared, and then, within several weeks, formed a chrysalis （蛹）. A fortnight later the beautiful butterfly 26 Erickson then released the butterflies

30、into the wild, but a couple seemed a little 27 to leave their loving home and 28 the senior by flying around the house.When 29 her first attempt to raise the butterflies. Erickson said she hoped it could enable her grandchildren to 30 an interest in these beautiful insects. However, its her who has

31、found the pleasure in raising butterflies in the end.Normally Erickson doesn,t like to talk about herself and what she does, but she does this time as she wants to31 others to care for this endangered species. Happily a friend and her son have joined her in her newfound32 and hopefully we will see a

32、（n） 33 in those decreasing numbers.This new 34, started so late in life, is a fine example of people caring for the smaller things in life.And it reminds us that its never too late to be 35 in life.21. A. number22. A. suit23. A. aging24. A. Regretfully25. A. money-saving26. A. sped up27. A. impatien

33、t28. A. accompanied29. A. evaluating30. A. revise31. A. allow32. A. passion33. A. opportunity34. A. hobby35. A. successful【答案】21. A 22.DB. sizeB. studyB. decliningB. HopefullyB. labour-demandingB. turned upB. delightedB. attendedB. analyzingB. developB. encourageB. businessB. resultB. habitB. genero

34、us23. B 24. C 25. DC. typeC. feedC. increasingC. ThankfullyC. energy-efficientC. woke upC. nervousC. greetedC. recallingC. keepC. persuadeC. dreamC.changeC. routineC. optimistic26. B 27. DD. varietyD. sustainD. movingD. UnfortunatelyD. time-consumingD. grew upD. unwillingD. followedD. conductingD. e

35、xpressD. inviteD. worldD. inspirationD. exerciseD. purposeful28. A 29. C 30. B 31.32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了年近百岁的老太太Gwen Erickson努力拯救濒危的帝王蝶的 故事。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，这位奶奶成功地饲养了 27只蝴蝶，今年的数量已经增加到61只。A.number 数字；B. size 尺寸；C. type 类型；D. variety 种类。根据本空前的 “raise 27 butterflies （养 21

36、只蝴 蝶）”可知，此处是说蝴蝶的“数量”增加到了 61只。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有些人可能会说，应该让大自然自我维持，但蝴蝶的数量正在迅速下降， 需要一点额外的帮助。A. suit适合；B. study学习；C. feed饲养；D. sustain维持。根据上文的nature可 知，此处指大自然的自我“维持”。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. aging变老;B.declining下降；C.increasing增加；D.moving移 动。根据上文one of America most popular, yet endangered,

37、butterflies一the Monarch （美国最受欢迎但濒 临灭绝的蝴蝶之一帝王蝶）”可知，这种蝴蝶的数量正在迅速减少。故选B项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得感激的是，这位97岁的老人正是能够为她的小翅膀朋友们提供这种爱和 奉献。A. Regretfully遗憾地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Thankfully感激地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根 据下文 u that love and devotion is exactly what the 97-year-old is able to provide for her little winged

38、friends.（这 种爱和奉献正是97岁的她能够为她的小翅膀朋友们提供的。）”可知，这是“值得感激的”故选C项。【25题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：整个过程有点耗时，从她后院生长的马利筋叶子上收集卵开始。A. money-saving省 钱的；B. labour-demanding 对劳动力要求高的；C. energy-efficient 节能的；D. time-consuming 耗时的。根 据下文 u beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard. Four days af

39、ter Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living-room table, the caterpillar （毛毛虫）appeared, and then, within several weeks, formed a chrysalis （蛹）可知，整个过程有点“耗时”。故选D项。【26题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：两个星期后，美丽的蝴蝶出现了。A. sped up力口速；B. turned up出现；C. woke up 醒来； D. grew up 成长。 根据上文 “Four days after Erickson placed the

40、eggs in jars on her living-room table, the caterpillar （毛毛虫）appeared, and then, within several weeks, formed a chrysalis （蛹）.（埃里克森把鸡蛋放在 她客厅桌子上的罐子里四天后，毛毛虫出现了，然后。几周内，形成了蛹。）”可知，这里是指毛毛虫最终 破“蛹”而出，化为美丽的蝴蝶。turn up意为“出现，符合语境。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后埃里克森把蝴蝶放回野外，但有一对夫妇似乎有点不愿意离开他们爱的 家，他们陪着老人在房子里飞来飞去。A. impa

41、tient不耐烦的；B.delighted高兴的；C.nervous紧张的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据下文的“by flying around the house（绕着房子飞）”可知，在Erickson将她所养的 帝王蝶放飞之后，有一些似乎有点“不愿意”离开。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同意。A. accompanied陪伴；B. attended参加；C.greeted欢迎；D. followed跟 随。根据下文的“by flying around the house（绕着房子飞）”可知，那些不愿离开的帝王蝶一直绕着Erickson 的房子飞舞，“陪伴”着它们

42、的恩人。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动名词词词义辨析。句意:回忆起她第一次饲养蝴蝶 尝试。A. evaluating评估；B.analyzing分析； C. recalling 回忆；D. conducting 实施。根据下文 “her first attempt to raise the butterflies（她第一次尝试饲养 蝴蝶）”可知，这里是指Erickson “回忆”她第一次试着去养帝王蝶时的情形。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃里克森说，她希望这能让她的孙辈对这些美丽的昆虫产生兴趣。A. revise修 正；B. develop 发展；C. keep 保持;D.

43、 express 表达。根据空后的 “an interest in these beautiful insects可 推知，最初Erickson试着去养帝王蝶是希望她的孙辈们能够对这一美丽的物种“产生”兴趣。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃里克森通常不喜欢谈论她自己和她所做的事情，但这次她这么做了，因为她 想鼓励其他人关心这种濒危物种。A. allow允许；B. encourage鼓励；C.persuade说服;D. invite邀请。根 据下文“care for this endangered species（关心这个濒临灭绝的物种）”可知，此处是指她想“鼓励”其他人 关心

44、这种濒危物种。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她的一个朋友和她的儿子加入了她新发现的热情，希望我们能看到 这些不断减少的数字有所改变。A. passion热情;B. business生意；C.dream梦想;D.world世界。根据上 文第 1 段 “As she approached 97, Gwen Erickson from Minnesota began raising one of Americas most popular, yet endangered, butterflies the Monarch.和 “ Happily a friend and h

45、er son have joined her” 可矢口，拯救帝王 蝶是她的喜欢作的事，即这是她的“热情”，所以此处指别人也加入到她的“热情”中。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. opportunity机会；B.result结果；C. change改变；D. inspiration M 感。根据空格前的 hopefully 以及上文第一段的 uLast year the grandmother managed to raise 27 butterflies and this year the has gone up to61.(去年，这位祖母成功地饲养了 27只蝴蝶，今

46、年 已经增加到61只。)”可知，经过人们的努力拯救，这一正在急剧减少的物种的数量有望出现“变化”。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个很晚才开始的新爱好，是人们关心生活中小事的一个很好的例子。A. hobby 业余爱好;B. habit 习惯；Coroutine 常规;D. exercise 练习。本空后的 “started so late in life(这么晚 才开始)”与文章的首句相呼应，由此可知，此处指Erickson养帝王蝶这一 “爱好”开始的晚。故选A 项。35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我们，在生活中追求目标永远都不晚。A. successful成功的

47、；B. generous慷慨的;C.optimistic乐观的;D. purposeful有目标的。分析全文内容可知,老太太在九十七岁的 高龄还在为拯救帝王蝶这一濒危物种忙碌，这是“有目标的”生活的体现。所以，Erickson的举动也提醒 我们，为了目标而努力多晚都不迟。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One of the most important parts of a college application for American high school students is their lis

48、t of extracurricular activities”. A student might be a member of a sports team or spend time taking part 36 a schooEs theatre programme, American high school students usually finish 37 (they) college application in January. They also visit universities and take tests like the SAT. But this year is different. Because of COVID-19, they take video campus tours. Universities that used to talk to possible students 3